14. AND.7. AND.7.

15. Ib., 19; 8; Ste.254; Ib., 19; 8; Ste.254; King's Handbook; Shepp's NYC King's Handbook; Shepp's NYC, 410 ff; New York State, Report and Proceedings of the Senate Committee Appointed to Investigate the Police Department of the City of New York Report and Proceedings of the Senate Committee Appointed to Investigate the Police Department of the City of New York (Albany, 1895, reprinted Arno/ (Albany, 1895, reprinted Arno/N.Y.T., 1971) 28 ff.

16. Sun Sun, May 12, 1895; Shepp's NYC Shepp's NYC, 413; Report Report, 49; AND.7; TR.Wks.XIII. 119; TR.Auto. 178.

17. Report Report, 29; AND.7.

18. Report, 176; Report, 176; Ber.2329; Brant, "TR, PC," 5; Ber.2329; Brant, "TR, PC," 5; Shepp's NYC Shepp's NYC, 4103.

19. AND.11. AND.11.

20. TR.Wks.XIII. 119. TR.Wks.XIII. 119.

21. Report Report, 16; Shepp's NYC Shepp's NYC, 413; AND.11.

22. Ste.256. Ste.256.

23. AND.189, 141 ff; see also AND.189, 141 ff; see also Trib. Trib., May 23, 1895, on former election corruption.

24. Richardson, Richardson, Police Police, 231; AND.13; Report Report, 1619.

25. The Lexow Committee asserted that "honest elections had no existence, in fact, in the city of New York." Qu. Richardson, The Lexow Committee asserted that "honest elections had no existence, in fact, in the city of New York." Qu. Richardson, Police Police, 233. Myers, Gustavus, The History of Tammany Hall The History of Tammany Hall (NY, 1901) 333; Connable, Alfred, and Silverfarb, Edward, (NY, 1901) 333; Connable, Alfred, and Silverfarb, Edward, Tigers of Tammany Tigers of Tammany (NY, 1967) 197214; (NY, 1967) 197214; Report Report, 1561; AND.10.

26. Steffens, Steffens, Autobiography Autobiography, 258.

27. Ib. Ib.

28. Riis, Riis, Making Making, 703.

29. Rii.131; Riis, Rii.131; Riis, Making Making, 328; TR.Auto.174. "How the Other Half Lives "How the Other Half Lives had been to me both an enlightenment and an inspiration," TR wrote in ib. "...I wished to help him in any practical way to try to make things a little better. I have always had a horror of words that are not translated into deeds, of speech that does not result in action." had been to me both an enlightenment and an inspiration," TR wrote in ib. "...I wished to help him in any practical way to try to make things a little better. I have always had a horror of words that are not translated into deeds, of speech that does not result in action."

30. Riis, Riis, Making Making, 328.

31. See Kaplan, Justin, See Kaplan, Justin, Lincoln Steffens Lincoln Steffens (Simon & Schuster, 1974) 57; Steffens, (Simon & Schuster, 1974) 57; Steffens, Autobiography Autobiography, 223.

32. See Stein, Harry H., "Theodore Roosevelt and the Press: Lincoln Steffens," See Stein, Harry H., "Theodore Roosevelt and the Press: Lincoln Steffens," Mid-America Mid-America, 54.2 (Apr. 1972). This essay convincingly demonstrates TR's mastery of the media by providing a documented case history of his dealings with one reporter over a long period. After TR became President, he ignored Steffens for two years, until the journalist became nationally famous; he then took him up again, manipulating him with consummate skill and no little hypocrisy. Stein's essay should be read as an antidote to the Steffens Autobiography Autobiography, which suggests that the author had a powerful influence on TR.

33. Ste.258; Ste.258; Eve. Post Eve. Post, May 6, 1895.

34. Ib.; Richardson, Ib.; Richardson, Police Police, 249; New York City Police Department, Minutes of the Board, 18957 Minutes of the Board, 18957 (TRB) 12. (TRB) 12.

35. World World, May 10, 1895; Evening World Evening World, same date; World World, May 11; Journal Journal, May 17; World World, May 17.

36. World World, May 22, 1895. The Journal Journal, May 21, noted "the constant splurge made over what Mr. Roosevelt does or says." Also AND.679.

37. See, e.g., Ste.2612. See, e.g., Ste.2612. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., July 21, 1895.

38. World World, May 17, 1895. No other explanation of TR's scar has ever been offered. It shows up clearly in numerous photographs.

39. Eve. Sun Eve. Sun, May 8, 1895.

40. Ib.; Ib.; Sun Sun, June 27, 1896, quoting TR.

41. TR to HCL, May 18, 1895 (LOD.). TR to HCL, May 18, 1895 (LOD.).

42. Mor.457. Mor.457.

43. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., July 23, 1895.

44. Miss Minnie Gertrude Kelly is insinuatingly described in the Miss Minnie Gertrude Kelly is insinuatingly described in the World World, May 10, 1895, as "young, small, and comely, with raven-black hair and...a close-fitting gown." TR's motives in hiring her were of the highest, however. She was to "take the place of two men employed by the previous President, at a saving of $1,200 a year." Apparently the arrival of Miss Kelly, a family friend of the Roosevelts and a protegee of Joe Murray, "quite took the breath out of the old stagers in the Mulberry Street barracks." Hitherto headquarters staff had been exclusively male. (Ib.) 45. Photographs of TR working survive as evidence of this curious habit. See, e.g., Bis.I.60. Photographs of TR working survive as evidence of this curious habit. See, e.g., Bis.I.60.

46. Wise, John S., Wise, John S., Recollections of Thirteen Presidents Recollections of Thirteen Presidents, 246.

47. TR to B, May 19, 1895; ib., June 2. TR to B, May 19, 1895; ib., June 2.

48. Mor.456, 458. Mor.456, 458.

49. Ib.; Ib.; World World, May 17, 1895.

50. Rii.130; AND.36. Rii.130; AND.36.

51. AND.789; Ber.5153; Ste.261. See also AND.789; Ber.5153; Ste.261. See also N.Y.T. N.Y.T., May 29, 1895.

52. Ste.20614, 263; AND.7980. Ste.20614, 263; AND.7980.

53. Ib.; Ib.; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., May 25, 1895.

54. World World, June 3, 1895.

55. Jacob Riis, in Jacob Riis, in Outlook Outlook, June 22, 1895, confirms that what follows was TR's own idea.

56. Account of the night walk based on Riis, Account of the night walk based on Riis, Making Making, 3302; Trib. Trib., June 8, 1895; World World, same date; AND.Scr.; TR.Scr.

57. World, Trib. World, Trib., June 8, 1895; AND.57.

58. Trib. Trib., June 8, 1895.

59. World, Trib. World, Trib., June 8, 1895.

60. Eve. Sun Eve. Sun, June 8; Philadelphia Times Philadelphia Times, n.d., AND.Scr.

61. Brooklyn Times Brooklyn Times, Washington Star Star, June 8, 1895.

62. Davis (31) and TR had met in Washington on Dec. 6, 1892. They did not get on too well at first. TR's insistence that Americans should approve of all things American prompted Davis to ask if that included "chewing tobacco and spitting all over the floor." TR replied sarcastically that it did, and what was more, he always made a point of sitting with his feet on the table when dining at the British Legation. (Mor.299.) After that their relationship improved. Davis later contributed much to the Roosevelt legend. Davis (31) and TR had met in Washington on Dec. 6, 1892. They did not get on too well at first. TR's insistence that Americans should approve of all things American prompted Davis to ask if that included "chewing tobacco and spitting all over the floor." TR replied sarcastically that it did, and what was more, he always made a point of sitting with his feet on the table when dining at the British Legation. (Mor.299.) After that their relationship improved. Davis later contributed much to the Roosevelt legend.

63. Trib. Trib., June 15, 1895; Recorder, Commercial Advertiser Recorder, Commercial Advertiser, same date; AND.54.

64. Press Press, June 15, 1895.

65. Ib. Ib.

66. Excise Herald Excise Herald, June 29, 1895; AND. confirms the report by quoting it.

67. Sun, World, N.Y.T. Sun, World, N.Y.T., June 15, 1895.

68. Press, N.Y.T., Commercial Advertiser Press, N.Y.T., Commercial Advertiser, June 15, 1895.

69. AND.Scr.; TRB clips, 1895; AND.Scr.; TRB clips, 1895; Sun Sun, Mar. 24, 1896.

70. Ib. For another, very funny anecdote about "Teddy's Teeth," see Edward Marshall, "The Truth about Roosevelt," Ib. For another, very funny anecdote about "Teddy's Teeth," see Edward Marshall, "The Truth about Roosevelt," The Columbian Magazine The Columbian Magazine, June 1910.

71. Ib. Ib.

72. Pri.138. Pri.138.

73. AND.62. See AND.62. See World World, Aug. 22, for an account of a daytime prowl.

74. EKR to Emily Carow, n.d., TRB mss.; Mor.462; TR.Auto.205. EKR to Emily Carow, n.d., TRB mss.; Mor.462; TR.Auto.205.

75. Rii.145. Rii.145.

76. Mor.463. Mor.463.

77. Bernard McCann int. FRE.; James Burke, exLyon's waiter, ib. Bernard McCann int. FRE.; James Burke, exLyon's waiter, ib.

78. Mor.464; Brant, "TR, PC," 33. Mor.464; Brant, "TR, PC," 33.

79. Ib., 34. Ib., 34.

80. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Jan. 16, 1895.

81. TR.Wks.XIV.27; Mor.466. TR.Wks.XIV.27; Mor.466.

82. Ib.; also 464. Ib.; also 464.

83. Evening Telegraph Evening Telegraph, June 11, 1895.

84. TR.Wks.XIV.181. TR.Wks.XIV.181.

85. Mor.463. Mor.463.

86. Ib. Ib.

87. TR.Auto.1979; TR.Auto.1979; Advertiser Advertiser, June 25, 1895; Ste.264; AND.1138; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., June 24, 1895.

88. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., June 25, 1895; TR.Auto. 199; P.D. Minutes P.D. Minutes, 3; Ste.264.

89. AND.115. AND.115.

90. Journal Journal, July 12, 1895.

91. TR.Auto.197. TR.Auto.197.

92. TR.Auto.196; Richardson, TR.Auto.196; Richardson, Police Police, 251; John R. Voorhis, former Police Commissioner, int. FRE.

93. Brant, "TR, PC," 35; New York Police Department, Brant, "TR, PC," 35; New York Police Department, Annual Report Annual Report, Dec. 31, 1897, 38; TR.Wks.XII.129.

94. TR.Auto.194; AND.1057. TR.Auto.194; AND.1057.

95. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Jan. 15, 1895; TR.Auto. 1946; see also AND.137.

96. World World, July 1, 1895.

97. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., July 1, 1895; Journal Journal, July 26. AND. 137 says that "fully half the force" was employed to administer the Sunday law. Her. Her., July 2.

98. Ib. Ib.

99. Comm. Adv. Comm. Adv., July 8, 1895.

100. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., July 18, 1895.

101. Qu. Qu. Journal Journal (ed.), July 26, 1895. (ed.), July 26, 1895.

102. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., July 12, 1895; Her. Her., July 13; see also Mor.466.

103. Her. Her., July 13, 1895.

104. AND.123. AND.123.

105. Un. clip, TRB; Un. clip, TRB; Her. Her., July 17, 1895.

106. Chicago Times-Herald Chicago Times-Herald, July 22, 1895.

107. Her. Her., July 17. Author's italics.

108. Ib.; un. clip, TRB. Ib.; un. clip, TRB.

109. Her. Her., July 17, 1895.

110. Chicago Times-Herald Chicago Times-Herald, July 22, 1895.

111. Mor.469. Mor.469.

112. Ib. Ib.

113. Her. Her., July 24, 1895.

114. Comm. Adv. Comm. Adv., July 25, 1895.