70. TR.Auto.79. TR.Auto.79.

71. Spinney, qu. Put.264. Spinney, qu. Put.264.

72. Full text of TR's speech is in TR.Wks.XIV.7 ff. Full text of TR's speech is in TR.Wks.XIV.7 ff.

73. Spinney in Hunt, supplementary statement, 4. Spinney in Hunt, supplementary statement, 4.

74. Put.265; TR.Wks.XIV.11. Put.265; TR.Wks.XIV.11.

75. HUN.24. HUN.24.

76. Spinney, qu. Put.265; Spinney, qu. Put.265; Sun Sun, Apr. 6, 1882; Trib, N.Y.T. Trib, N.Y.T., same date.

77. Sun Sun, Apr. 6, 1882.

78. Hunt, supplementary statement, 34. (Here, in typed transcript, "balls" is changed to "chickens.") Hunt, supplementary statement, 34. (Here, in typed transcript, "balls" is changed to "chickens.") 79. Sun Sun, n.d., in TR.Scr.; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., n.d., in ib.; World World, Apr. 7, 1882.

80. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Apr. 6, 7, 1882.

81. Spinney, qu. Put.266. Spinney, qu. Put.266.

82. Ib. Ib.

83. An associate in the Assembly later estimated that TR "could have made a million dollars if he had wanted to." HUN.75. An associate in the Assembly later estimated that TR "could have made a million dollars if he had wanted to." HUN.75.

84. Pri.73; Put.269. Pri.73; Put.269.

85. Bigelow, Poultney, Bigelow, Poultney, Seventy Summers Seventy Summers (London, 1925) 269. (London, 1925) 269.

86. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Apr. 13, 1882.

87. HUN.49. In an interview with Ethel Armes, Sept. 19, 1924, Hunt recalled TR yelling with delight one day, "I have been sued for slander! I am getting on amazingly politically." TRB. HUN.49. In an interview with Ethel Armes, Sept. 19, 1924, Hunt recalled TR yelling with delight one day, "I have been sued for slander! I am getting on amazingly politically." TRB.

88. Hudson, William C., Hudson, William C., Recollections of an Old Political Reporter Recollections of an Old Political Reporter (N.Y., 1911) 1449. (N.Y., 1911) 1449.

89. Hunt, supplementary statement, 22. Hunt, supplementary statement, 22.

90. Mrs. Joseph Alsop Sr. (Corinne's daughter) int. in TRB mss. Mrs. Joseph Alsop Sr. (Corinne's daughter) int. in TRB mss.

91. Anna Bulloch Gracie's diary, 1882, makes mysterious references to an "illness" of Elliott's (probably a recurrence of his teenage epilepsy attacks), which she first heard about on Mar. 30. "Went to church Holy Communion prayed to God to cure him." Anna Bulloch Gracie's diary, 1882, makes mysterious references to an "illness" of Elliott's (probably a recurrence of his teenage epilepsy attacks), which she first heard about on Mar. 30. "Went to church Holy Communion prayed to God to cure him."

92. Joseph Murray in FRE.; Joseph Murray in FRE.; Morning Journal Morning Journal, Apr. 29, 1884.

93. Trib. Trib., Mar. 22, 1882.

94. Ib., June 3, 1882. Ib., June 3, 1882.

95. Qu. Har.22. Qu. Har.22.

96. Trib. Trib., Apr. 28, 1882; Put.300.

97. TR.Auto.69; Put.300. TR.Auto.69; Put.300.

98. See Hurwitz, Howard L., See Hurwitz, Howard L., TR and Labor in New York State TR and Labor in New York State (NY, 1943) for a negative assessment of TR's labor record in the Assembly, Put.299305 for a positive. The cigar-bill episode is usually viewed as a turning-point in Roosevelt biographies, largely because TR himself placed so much emphasis on it in his own (NY, 1943) for a negative assessment of TR's labor record in the Assembly, Put.299305 for a positive. The cigar-bill episode is usually viewed as a turning-point in Roosevelt biographies, largely because TR himself placed so much emphasis on it in his own Autobiography Autobiography (813). However the rest of his youthful labor record, not to mention countless contemptuous references to the labor movement in his private letters, indicates that he "matured" in this respect very slowly. It should not be forgotten that TR was an ardent Progressive when he dictated his memoirs in 1913. (813). However the rest of his youthful labor record, not to mention countless contemptuous references to the labor movement in his private letters, indicates that he "matured" in this respect very slowly. It should not be forgotten that TR was an ardent Progressive when he dictated his memoirs in 1913.

99. Clips, TR.Scr.; Hunt, supplementary statement, 2 ff.; HUN.1420. Clips, TR.Scr.; Hunt, supplementary statement, 2 ff.; HUN.1420.

100. Clips, TR.Scr.; Clips, TR.Scr.; Trib. Trib., June 1, 1882.

101. World World, June 1.

102. Qu. Put.271. Qu. Put.271.

103. World World, June 1.

104. Put.272. Put.272.

105. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., June 3, 1882. See comments of individual legislators returning to New York in Trib. Trib., June 3.

106. Trib. Trib., June 3, 1882; TR.Scr.

107. Mor.56. Mor.56.

108. TR.Scr. TR.Scr.

109. Spinney in HUN.41. Spinney in HUN.41.

7: THE F FIGHTING C COCK.

Important sources not in Bibliography: 1. Hudson, William C., 1. Hudson, William C., Random Recollections of an Old Political Reporter Random Recollections of an Old Political Reporter (NY, 1911). (NY, 1911).

1. Albany Argus Albany Argus, Jan. 2, 1883.

2. Pr.74; Put.2789. Pr.74; Put.2789.

3. TR to TR Jr. in Mor.6345. TR to TR Jr. in Mor.6345.

4. See Put.2779 for an account of TR's re-election campaign. His vote was 4,225 against 2,016, with 67 percent of the ballot-an improvement of 4 percent over his 1882 vote. See Put.2779 for an account of TR's re-election campaign. His vote was 4,225 against 2,016, with 67 percent of the ballot-an improvement of 4 percent over his 1882 vote.

5. Shaw, Albert, "TR as Political Leader" in TR.Wks.XIV.xvii; Hudson, Shaw, Albert, "TR as Political Leader" in TR.Wks.XIV.xvii; Hudson, Recollections Recollections, 145; Franklin Matthews in Harper's Magazine Harper's Magazine, Sep. 28, 1901, 984. See also Andrew D. White to Willard Fiske, May 26, 1884: "When you remember that this prodigious series of successes of his have been achieved by a man of...college standing...you will realize what a striking case it is. In my judgment, nothing has been seen like it in this State since the early days of Seward" (Cornell U. Libraries).

6. TR.Pri.Di. Jan. 1, 1883. TR.Pri.Di. Jan. 1, 1883.

7. Albany Argus Albany Argus, Jan. 3, 1883; Put. 278 fn.

8. Hudson, Hudson, Recollections Recollections, 251. See Nev. for Cleveland's rise to power.

9. Tugwell, Rexford G., Tugwell, Rexford G., Grover Cleveland Grover Cleveland (NY, 1968) 72. "He is a mass of solid hog," Henry Adams wrote (to C. F. Adams, Jan. 23, 1894). The following physical description of Cleveland is taken from Nev. 578 and (NY, 1968) 72. "He is a mass of solid hog," Henry Adams wrote (to C. F. Adams, Jan. 23, 1894). The following physical description of Cleveland is taken from Nev. 578 and passim; passim; Carpenter, Frank G., Carpenter, Frank G., Carp's Washington Carp's Washington (McGraw Hill, 1960) 3941; Wise, John S., (McGraw Hill, 1960) 3941; Wise, John S., Recollections of Thirteen Presidents Recollections of Thirteen Presidents (NY, 1906); pors. (NY, 1906); pors.

10. Nev. 109; Stoddard memo, TRB mss. Nev. 109; Stoddard memo, TRB mss.

11. Hud.143. Hud.143.

12. Nev.578; see below, Ch. 11, for details of Cleveland's paternity case. Nev.578; see below, Ch. 11, for details of Cleveland's paternity case.

13. HUN.39. HUN.39.

14. It will be remembered that TR, then touring Europe with Alice, had exclaimed, "This [the assassination] means work in the future for those who wish their country well." Upon returning to New York he began attending meetings of the N.Y. Civil Service Reform Association, and was elected its vice-president just before his departure to Albany. "I am heartily in accord with any movement tending toward the improvement of the 'spoils' system," he wrote in his letter of acceptance, "-or, I should say, its destruction." (TRB mss.) It will be remembered that TR, then touring Europe with Alice, had exclaimed, "This [the assassination] means work in the future for those who wish their country well." Upon returning to New York he began attending meetings of the N.Y. Civil Service Reform Association, and was elected its vice-president just before his departure to Albany. "I am heartily in accord with any movement tending toward the improvement of the 'spoils' system," he wrote in his letter of acceptance, "-or, I should say, its destruction." (TRB mss.) 15. Put.2801; Nev.123. Put.2801; Nev.123.

16. New York Times New York Times, Jan. 25, 1883; Ellis, David M. et al., A History of New York State et al., A History of New York State (Cornell U. Press, 1967) 369; Nev.123; HUN.40. (Cornell U. Press, 1967) 369; Nev.123; HUN.40.

17. HUN.40. See also HUN.40. See also N.Y. Evening Post N.Y. Evening Post, Jan. 10, 1883: "Mr. Roosevelt...has secured to a remarkable degree the confidence of public-spirited citizens of either party."

18. Mor.59. There is some doubt over the date of this letter, which TR marks simply "Albany, Monday evening.": See ib., fn., and Put.274, fn. The latter believes it to be mid-January 1882. But Henry James, whom TR specifically mentions meeting, was not in Boston that January: he had left town on Dec. 26, 1881. James Mor.59. There is some doubt over the date of this letter, which TR marks simply "Albany, Monday evening.": See ib., fn., and Put.274, fn. The latter believes it to be mid-January 1882. But Henry James, whom TR specifically mentions meeting, was not in Boston that January: he had left town on Dec. 26, 1881. James was was there through New Year's 1883, however; so if TR and Alice had gone to Boston for Christmas, the meeting probably took place sometime during the festive season. Jan. 1, 1883, was a Monday, which would explain TR's advance presence in Albany for the opening of the Legislature. Alice, presumably, joined him on Tuesday or Wednesday, helped him choose rooms, then accompanied him to New York on Thursday, as promised in his letter to Mittie. Note that the letter also mentions his first known reference to meeting with Henry Cabot Lodge. there through New Year's 1883, however; so if TR and Alice had gone to Boston for Christmas, the meeting probably took place sometime during the festive season. Jan. 1, 1883, was a Monday, which would explain TR's advance presence in Albany for the opening of the Legislature. Alice, presumably, joined him on Tuesday or Wednesday, helped him choose rooms, then accompanied him to New York on Thursday, as promised in his letter to Mittie. Note that the letter also mentions his first known reference to meeting with Henry Cabot Lodge.

19. Put.280. Put.280.

20. Alice's routine reconstructed from the letters of MBR, C, and E, and Anna Bulloch Gracie's diaries in TRC. Alice's routine reconstructed from the letters of MBR, C, and E, and Anna Bulloch Gracie's diaries in TRC.

21. Anna Bulloch Gracie diary, Oct. 2, 1882; Put.307; Par.44. Anna Bulloch Gracie diary, Oct. 2, 1882; Put.307; Par.44.

22. TR.Pri.Di. Jan. 3, 1883. TR.Pri.Di. Jan. 3, 1883.

23. New York Herald New York Herald, Feb. 11, 1883.

24. HUN.88. HUN.88.

25. Mor.1471. Mor.1471.

26. HUN.86 says, "I think the dinner was in 1884." But he adds, "We had our pictures taken before or after." A group portrait of the "quartette" is in TRC, but it manifestly dates from 1883, when TR had lost his side-whiskers, but still retained his center parting. Judging by the solemn expressions of all concerned, the picture was taken "before" the dinner. See p. 171. HUN.86 says, "I think the dinner was in 1884." But he adds, "We had our pictures taken before or after." A group portrait of the "quartette" is in TRC, but it manifestly dates from 1883, when TR had lost his side-whiskers, but still retained his center parting. Judging by the solemn expressions of all concerned, the picture was taken "before" the dinner. See p. 171.

27. Ib. Ib.

28. Qu. Sul.230. Qu. Sul.230.

29. TR.Wks.XIII.48; Ib., XIV.18. TR.Wks.XIII.48; Ib., XIV.18.

30. Put.305; Hunt, supplementary statement, 334. Put.305; Hunt, supplementary statement, 334.

31. Hudson, Hudson, Recollections Recollections, 147. "All the NY dailies gave Roosevelt a good deal of space...and he often got on the front page. The Herald Herald, especially, sent up an extra man, Thomas J. White, to stand behind him and help develop his career as a reform legislator." (Peter P. McLaughlin, ex-Assemblyman, in FRE.) 32. Put.288. Put.288.

33. TR.Wks.XIV.21; TR.Wks.XIV.21; Observer Observer, Mar. 10, 1883 (TR.Scr.).

34. HUN.53; Put.2856. HUN.53; Put.2856.

35. Put.2835; Nev.116; Put.2835; Nev.116; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Jan. 8, 1883.

36. Nev.1167; Put.284; Bis.1.20. Nev.1167; Put.284; Bis.1.20.

37. Albany Argus Albany Argus, Mar. 5, 1883; Put.284; TR.Scr.

38. Albany Argus Albany Argus and and N.Y. World N.Y. World, Mar. 3, 1883.

39. The phrase rated headlines in, e.g., The phrase rated headlines in, e.g., Chicago Tribune Chicago Tribune, May 7, 1883. The paper published a long editorial on "this startling proposition." See also Sul.386.

40. World World, March 3, 5, 13, 1883; Put.286. But see also Commercial Advertiser Commercial Advertiser (Mar. 3) praising TR's "courage and manliness" in this, "the most extraordinary confession that perhaps was ever heard in a deliberative body." (Mar. 3) praising TR's "courage and manliness" in this, "the most extraordinary confession that perhaps was ever heard in a deliberative body."

41. N.Y. Sun N.Y. Sun, Mar. 8, 1883; Put.286.

42. TR.Wks.XIV.1621 for complete text of this speech. Interestingly, TR considered it, not the TR.Wks.XIV.1621 for complete text of this speech. Interestingly, TR considered it, not the mea culpa mea culpa of Mar. 2, his "main speech" of the session. (Mor.67.) of Mar. 2, his "main speech" of the session. (Mor.67.) 43. Sun Sun, Mar. 10. TR petulantly declared that even though his resignation had been refused, he would "not do another stroke of work with the Committee." (ib.) 44. See, e.g., See, e.g., Observer Observer, Mar. 10, 1883 (TR.Scr.).

45. World World, Mar. 10, 1883.

46. HUN.3840. HUN.3840.

47. Ib.; Hunt, supplementary statement, 89. Ib.; Hunt, supplementary statement, 89.

48. Nev.112ff. Nev.112ff.

49. TR.Wks.XIV.234; TR.Wks.XIV.234; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Apr. 10, 1883.

50. Ib. Ib.

51. Nev.123. (But see Put.232. fn.) Nev.123. (But see Put.232. fn.) 52. HUN.39; Nev.123. HUN.39; Nev.123.

53. Mor.3.634. Mor.3.634.

54. TR to Jacob Riis (Rii.59). TR to Jacob Riis (Rii.59).

55. TR.Auto.82; Put.302. TR.Auto.82; Put.302.

56. Put.282; Put.282; N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Mar. 26, 1883; Put.283; TR.Wks.XIV.25; Put.2901; Morning Journal Morning Journal, Feb. 19, 1883.

57. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., Mar. 26, 1883.

58. Harper's Weekly Harper's Weekly, Apr. 21, 1883.

59. Parker, George F., Parker, George F., Recollections of Grover Cleveland Recollections of Grover Cleveland (NY, 1911) 250. (NY, 1911) 250.

60. N.Y.T. N.Y.T., May 29, 1883.

61. Ib. Ib.

62. Hag.RBL.89. Hag.RBL.89.

63. See, e.g., MBR to E, Dec. 7, 1880: "Teddie tho' he rejoices with you in your prospects for your Hunt longs to be with you-and walks up and down the room like a Caged Lynx. When Alice appeals to him he smothers her with kisses and tells her he is perfectly happy with her but some time he must go off with his gun instead of pouring [sic] over Brown versus Jenkins etc." (FDR). See, e.g., MBR to E, Dec. 7, 1880: "Teddie tho' he rejoices with you in your prospects for your Hunt longs to be with you-and walks up and down the room like a Caged Lynx. When Alice appeals to him he smothers her with kisses and tells her he is perfectly happy with her but some time he must go off with his gun instead of pouring [sic] over Brown versus Jenkins etc." (FDR).

64. Hag.RBL.89; Put.3089. Hag.RBL.89; Put.3089.