1b. Corolla not rotate; anthers separate --5.

2a. Stem and leaves p.r.i.c.kly (3-8 dm. high) --3.

2b. Stem and leaves not p.r.i.c.kly --4.

3a. Flowers white or bluish =Horse Nettle, Solanum carolinense.=

3b. Flowers yellow =Buffalo Bur, Solanum rostratum.=

4a. Climbing vine; leaves frequently lobed (flowers blue) =Bittersweet, Solanum dulcamara.=

4b. Not climbing; leaves toothed (flowers white) =Nightshade, Solanum nigrum.=

5a. Climbing or trailing shrub, with purplish, white, or greenish flowers about 1 cm. wide (frequently th.o.r.n.y; flowers in summer) =Matrimony Vine, Lycium halimifolium.=

5b. Herbaceous plants, not climbing --6.

6a. Flowers white, red, or blue, 2.5 cm. or more wide (summer) --7.

6b. Flowers yellow, yellowish-white, or greenish-yellow (summer) --12.

7a. Corolla-tube 10 cm. long or more (5-12 dm. high) --8.

7b. Corolla-tube 5 cm. long or less --10.

8a. Stem finely p.u.b.escent; leaves entire or nearly so =Thorn-apple, Datura metel.=

8b. Stem glabrous; leaves coa.r.s.ely toothed (Jimson Weed) --9.

9a. Stem green; corolla white =Jimson Weed, Datura stramonium.=

9b. Stem purple; corolla light-blue or purple =Jimson Weed, Datura tatula.=

10a. Corolla pale-blue (5-10 dm. high) =Apple of Peru, Nicandra physalodes.=

10b. Corolla, red or violet (2-4 dm. high) =Petunia, Petunia violacea.=

10c. Corolla white --11.

11a. Corolla all white (2-4 dm. high) =Petunia, Petunia axillaris.=

11b. Corolla with yellow center =White Ground Cherry, Physalis grandiflora.=

12a. Corolla 30 mm. wide or more, somewhat irregular; stamens declined to one side (3-6 dm. high) =Henbane, Hyoscyamus niger.=

12b. Corolla smaller, strictly regular --13.

13a. Flowers in terminal panicles; corolla tubular, with slightly spreading lobes (5-10 dm. high) =Wild Tobacco, Nicotiana rustica.=

13b. Flowers solitary in the axils; corolla short, widely spreading (3-8 dm. high) (Ground Cherry) --14.

14a. Annuals with branching slender roots --15.

14b. Perennials with thickened roots and rootstocks --16.

15a. Plants p.u.b.escent =Ground Cherry, Physalis p.u.b.escens.=

15b. Plants smooth, or with a few scattered hairs =Ground Cherry, Physalis ixocarpa.=

16a. Stem viscid-p.u.b.escent =Ground Cherry, Physalis heterophylla.=

16b. Stem glabrous or slightly p.u.b.escent, not viscid --17.

17a. Leaves and stem distinctly p.u.b.escent =Ground Cherry, Physalis virginiana.=

17b. Leaves and stem almost glabrous =Ground Cherry, Physalis subglabrata.=

SCROPHULARIACEAE, the Figwort Family

Herbs with opposite or alternate leaves and usually irregular flowers; corolla of united petals, bearing the 2 or 4 (or rarely 5) stamens attached; petals actually 5, but sometimes apparently only 2 or 4; a sterile fifth stamen sometimes present; ovary superior, 2-celled.

1a. Anther-bearing stamens 5 (6-15 dm. high; flowers in summer) (Mullein) --2.

1b. Anther-bearing stamens 4; a sterile fifth stamen may or may not be present --3.

1c. Anther-bearing stamens 2 --37.

2a. Leaves densely white-woolly; flowers yellow, in dense spikes =Mullein, Verbasc.u.m thapsus.=

2b. Leaves smooth or nearly so; flowers yellow or white, in loose racemes =Moth Mullein, Verbasc.u.m blattaria.=

3a. Flowers (not the bracts) greenish-yellow, yellow, or orange --4.

3b. Flowers blue, purple, brown, red, pink, or white, never yellow --16.

4a. Flowers in dense terminal leafy-bracted spikes --5.

4b. Flowers in loose racemes or axillary --9.

5a. Corolla 7 mm. long or less, or none --6.

5b. Corolla 12 mm. long or more --7.

6a. Leaves alternate (3-6 dm. high; early summer) =Synthyris, Synthyris bullii.=