[37] By Lawrence Housman, Feb. 11, 18, and 26, 1909.

[38] See E. C. Wolstenholme Elmy, _Women's Franchise, the Need of the Hour_.

[39] Wolstenholme Elmy, _ibid._

[40] This right is possessed by women in Scotland and Ireland also.

[41] This is in direct conflict with the statute (13 Vict., c. 21, sec. 4) providing that women enjoy all those rights from which they are not expressly excluded.

[42] London, like other capital cities, is regulated by a separate set of laws.

[43] Applying to England and Wales.

[44] The right to vote is a condition necessary for the holding of office.

[45] See the Married Women's Property Acts of 1870 and 1883.

[46] See the article by Mr. Pethick Lawrence in _Votes for Women_, March 3, 1909.

[47] London, S.W., 92 Victoria Street.

[48] Valuable information concerning women in the industries is given in the programme of April 4, 1909, of the London Congress of the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance.

[49] Ansiaux, _La reglementation du travail des femmes_.

[50] See Mrs. Pethick Lawrence, "Women and Administration," _Votes for Women_, March 12, 1909.

[51] See the article of Alice Salmon, _Zentralblatt_.

[52] For a survey of English conditions affecting women we recommend _The Women's Charter of Rights and Liberties_, by Lady McLaren, 1909, London.

[53] In Canada there are munic.i.p.al elections, provincial parliamentary elections, and elections for the Dominion Parliament.

[54] See the Report of the Woman's Suffrage Alliance Congress, Amsterdam, 1908.

[55] See the Report of the International Women's Suffrage Alliance, Amsterdam, 1908.

[56] The last two arguments are easily refuted.

[57] Woman never reaches her majority; she must always have a male representative.

[58] The husband still remains the guardian of the wife. To-day the wife controls her personal earnings, but merely as long as they are in cash; whatever she _buys_ with them falls into the control of the husband.

[59] See the Report of the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance Congress, Amsterdam, 1908.

[60] See the supplement, "Opposed to Alcoholism," in _One People, One School_, for April, 1909.

[61] A _Realschule_ teaches no cla.s.sics, but is a scientific school emphasizing manual training. A _Gymnasium_ prepares for the university, making the cla.s.sics an essential part of the curriculum. [Tr.]

[62] By Vera Hillt, _Statistics of Labor_, VI, Helsingfors, 1908.

[63] See the complete list of measures in _Jus Suffragi_, September 15, 1908. This is the organ of the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance.

[64] In 1904 women were declared eligible by an official ordinance to hold university offices.

[65] It might be well to mention _Dansk Kvindesamfund, Politisk Kvindeforening, Lands...o...b..nd, Valgretsforeningen of 1908_ (a Christian a.s.sociation of men and women).

[66] Compare similar proceedings in the United States and England.

[67] Since Switzerland contains a preponderance of the Germanic element, it will be considered with the Germanic countries.

[68] In Geneva and Lausanne the men exerted every effort to exclude women from the typographical trade. The prohibition of night work made this easy. The same result will follow in the railroad and postal service.

Therefore in the Swiss woman's rights movement there are some that are opposed to laws for the protection of women laborers.

[69] Industrial training was promoted chiefly by the "Lette-House,"

founded in Berlin in 1865 by President Lette and his wife.

[70] In Germany there are one million domestic servants.

[71] For information concerning the German woman's rights movement we recommend _The Memorandum-book of the Woman's Rights Movement_ (_Das Merkbuch der Frauenbewegung_), B. G. Teubner, Leipzig.

[72] A body having advisory powers in matters relating to the medical profession and to sanitary measures. [Tr.]

[73] The question was decided by the administrative court in _one_ special case. Compare the case of Jacobs, Amsterdam.

[74] See _Dok.u.mente der Frauen_ (_Doc.u.ments concerning Women_); November 15, 1899.

[75] The German system of stenography. [Tr.]

[76] See the resolutions of the party sessions in Graz, 1900; in Vienna, 1903; and of the first, second, and third conferences of the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance, in 1904, 1906, and 1908.

[77] Except in Illyria, Carinthia, and Lower Austria.

[78] For political and practical reasons Hungary will be discussed at this point.

[79] _Dok.u.mente der Frauen_, June 1, 1901.

[80] The proposed law grants the suffrage even to male illiterates.

[81] Later the Code Napoleon infected other countries, but such horrors originated spontaneously nowhere else.

[82] In the years 1848, 1851, 1871, 1874, 1882, 1885.

[83] See the resolutions of the two women's congresses, Paris, 1900.

[84] _Le mouvement feministe_, Countess Marie de Villermont.

[85] _Le feminisme_, Emile Ollivier.