576 "the rebel army": E. M. Stanton to AL, Apr. 3, 1865, Lincoln MSS, LC.

576 "care of myself": CW, 8:385.

576 "to be humble": David D. Porter, Incidents and Anecdotes of the Civil War (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1885), pp. 294295.

576 "will hereafter enjoy": Pfanz, The Petersburg Campaign, pp. 6061.

576 "Father Abrahams Come": John Henry Woodward, "A Narrative of the Family and Civil War Experiences and Events of His Life" (typescript, 1919[?], LC), pp. 3739. Woodward made an ill-conceived and demeaning attempt to recapture African-American dialect; I have subst.i.tuted standard English.

577 forces occupying Richmond: "Lincoln's Visit to Richmond, Apr. 4,1865," Moorsfield Antiquarian 1 (May 1937): 2729; George T. Dudley, "Lincoln in Richmond," Washington National Tribune, Oct. 1, 1896.

577 "me any harm": This account of Lincoln's stay in Richmond is drawn chiefly from Pfanz, The Petersburg Campaign, pp. 6069.

577 "magnanimity and kindness": Southern Historical Society Papers, new ser., 4 (Oct. 1917): 68.

578 "preservation of order": John A. Campbell, Reminiscences and Doc.u.ments Relating to the Civil War During the Year 1865 (Baltimore: John Murphy & Co., 1887), p. 39.

578 the next morning: Campbell's accounts of this conference, ibid., pp. 3942, and in Southern Historical Society Papers, new ser., 4 (Oct. 1917): 6870; Myers's account is reprinted in Segal, Conversations, pp. 388390.

578 confiscated Confederate property: CW, 8:386387.

579 "the existing government": Herman Belz, Reconstructing the Union: Theory and Policy During the Civil War (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1969), p. 297.

579 during a transitional period: Sherman understood the President to say "that to avoid anarchy the State governments then in existence, with their civil functionaries, would be recognized by him as the government de facto till Congress would provide others." William T. Sherman, Memoirs (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1875), 2:327. On the basis of this understanding he made recognition of Governor Zebulon Vance's Confederate government of North Carolina part of the surrender terms that he offered Joseph E. Johnston on April 18. By this time Lincoln was dead, and Stanton and others in the government at Washington repudiated Sherman's agreement. Raoul S. Naroll, "Lincoln and the Sherman Peace Fiasco-Another Fable?" Journal of Southern History 20 (Nov. 1954): 459483, convincingly argues that Sherman exceeded his instructions, yet it seems evident that Lincoln must have discussed, even if he did not endorse, recognition of Confederate state authorities at this City Point meeting.

579 "somewhat farcical": CW, 7:487.

579 "the Confederate army": Campbell, Reminiscences, pp. 4142.

579 "shortest possible time": Nicolay and Hay, 10:222.

579 "to the General government": CW, 8:389.

579 "opposition to the government": CW, 8:388.

580 "thing be pressed": CW, 8:392.

580 "hear it again": Adolphe de Chambrun, Impressions of Lincoln and the Civil War: A Foreigner's Account (New York: Random House, 1952), p. 82.

580 "touch him further": Macbeth, act 2, scene 2.

580 "the same scene". Adolphe de Chambrun, "Personal Recollections of Mr. Lincoln,' Scribner's Magazine 13 (1893): 35.

581 left the room: Frederick W. Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, 18301915 (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1916), p. 253.

581 "all, all jubilant": Welles, Diary, 2:278.

581 "forth into singing": Turner, Mary Todd Lincoln, p. 216.