516 "strengthened him mentally": Welles, Diary, 2:58.

516 "I will go in": Browning, Diary, 1:673.

516 "in that region": Bates, Diary, p. 378.

CHAPTER NINETEEN: I AM PRETTY SURE-FOOTED

John H. Cramer, Lincoln Under Enemy Fire (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1948), collects most of the evidence on Lincoln's activities during Early's raid. Edward C. Kirkland, The Peacemakers of 1864 (New York: Macmillan Co., 1927), remains the most comprehensive account of the Greeley, Gilmore-Jaquess, and Raymond efforts to secure peace. Joel H. Silbey, A Respectable Minority: The Democratic Party in the Civil War Era, 18601868 (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1977), offers a masterful interpretation of Lincoln's opponents in 1864. See also Christopher Dell, Lincoln and the War Democrats: The Grand Erosion of Conservative Tradition (Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh d.i.c.kinson University Press, 1975). T. Harry Williams, Lincoln and the Radicals (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1941), gives a full account of Radical plans to unhorse Lincoln.

517 "wilted down": E. A. Hitchc.o.c.k to Mary Mann, July 14, 1864, Hitchc.o.c.k MSS, LC.

518 Seeming "almost crushed': Ibid.

518 "not an order": CW, 7:437.

519 "very conspicuous figure": Asa Townsend Abbott, Diary, Sept. 7, 1916, Abbott MSS, LC. See also Abbott's letter to "Editor Tribune," June 22 [no year], in the same collection.

519 head knocked off: Hay, Diary, p. 209.

519 "in his hand": Cramer, Lincoln Under Enemy Fire, p. 64.

519 "standing upon it": Ibid., pp. 3031. The story that Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., shouted "Get down, you fool!" at the President cannot be authenticated. See Frederick C. Hicks, "Lincoln, Wright,' and Holmes at Fort Stevens," JISHS 39 (Sept. 1946): 323332.

519 "some of them": Hay, Diary, p. 210.

519 "all escaped": Browning, Diary, 1:676.

519 "the past week": John Y. Simon, ed., The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1984), 11:230.

520 "military administration": Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, quoted in Washington National Intelligencer, July 20, 1864.

520 "force it": CW, 7:476.

520 "about your case": Hagar J. Weston to AL, July 10, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

520 "blind impetuosity": Bates, Diary, p. 393.

520 "to stab him": CW, 7:462463.

521 "be more apparant": CW, 7:483.

521 "poltroons and cowards": Welles, Diary, 2:84.

521 "to the country": CW, 7:439440.

521 "anxious for Peace": Lincoln had all of his and Greeley's correspondence on the Niagara peace negotiations printed, and, unless otherwise identified, all quotations in the following paragraphs are from the copy in the Lincoln MSS, LC. The originals of these letters are also in Lincoln's papers.