333 whom he succeeded: The authoritative biography is Benjamin P. Thomas and Harold M. Hyman, Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln's Secretary of War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962).

333 "whom he fears": Welles, Diary, 1.128-129.

333 "and of loyalty": Joseph Holt to AL, Jan. 15, 1862, Lincoln MSS, LC.

334 "a while first": Thomas and Hyman, Stanton, p. 151.

334 "Secretary of War": CW, 6:312.

334 "he sometimes does": Donald, Lincoln Reconsidered, p. 71.

334 "rein on me": CW, 5:284.

334 "it be done": CW, 5:206. In this case Lincoln subsequently withdrew his directive, claiming that it was "plainly no order at all." CW, 5:229.

334 carrying out the order: CW, 5:111.

334 "the one weakened": Browning, Diary, 1:523. He recommended the same strategy to General Buell. CW, 5:98.

335 in eastern Kentucky: See the excellent account of this engagement in Gerald J. Prokopowicz, "All for the Regiment: Unit Cohesion and Tactical Stalemate in the Army of the Ohio, 1861-1862" (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1994), chap. 3.

335 "a grievous mistake": Helen Nicolay, Lincoln's Secretary: A Biography of John G. Nicolay (New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1949), pp. 131132.

335 cannon to Kentucky: Joshua F. Speed to Joseph Holt, Feb. 4, 1862, Holt MSS, LC.

336 "ever seen here": This description follows, with minor changes, my account in "'This d.a.m.ned Old House': The Lincolns in the White House," in Frank Freidel and William Pencak, eds., The White House: The First Two Hundred Years (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1994), p. 63.

336 probably typhoid fever: This is the most probable diagnosis of Willie's illness, but Dr. Milton H. Shutes believed that it was "broncho-pneumonia (or pneumonitis) with damaged kidneys as a possible, determinate factor." Shutes, "Mortality of the Five Lincoln Boys," LH 57 (Spring-Summer 1955), p. 6.

336 of his recovery: John G. Nicolay, Diary, Feb. 18, 1862, Nicolay MSS, LC.

336 "is actually gone!": Nicolay, Lincoln's Secretary, pp. 132133.

336 "loved him so": Ruth Painter Randall, Lincoln's Sons (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1955), p. 131.

336 and he wept: LeGrand B. Cannon to WHH, Oct. 7, 1888, HWC. The quotation is from King John, act 3, scene 4.

337 "died-never before": WHH, interview with Mrs. Abraham Lincoln, Sept. 5, 1866, HWC.

337 "I cannot succeed": CW, 4:190.

337 "never deserted us": CW, 4:199.

337 "of the Universe": CW, 4:226.

337 "this favored land": CW, 4:271.

337 lived in heaven: Edgar DeWitt Jones, Lincoln and the Preachers (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948), pp. 3538.