Christian charity, in what it consists, 73.

Laws of the Romans, 73.

Pagan examples of charity, 78.

n.o.ble enthusiasm of the Christians in the cause of charity, 78, 79.

Charity enjoined as a matter of justice, 81.

Theological notions of charity, 85, 90, 91.

Evils of Catholic charity, 93-94.

Legends respecting the virtue, 245, and _note_

Charlemagne, his law respecting Sunday, ii. 245.

Fascination exercised by him over the popular imagination, 271, 272.

His polygamy, 343

Charles V., the Emperor, his law against beggars, ii. 97

Charles Martel, his defeat of the Mohammedans, at Poictiers, ii. 273

Charondas, law of, on second marriages, ii. 325, _note_

Chast.i.ty, in Utilitarian systems, i. 12, 49.

Sketch of the history of, 103-107.

The Catholic monastic system, 107.

Modern judgments of, ii. 282, 283.

Cato's views, 314.

Mystical views, 315.

Services of the ascetics in enforcing the duty of chast.i.ty, 318-320

Children, charge of murdering infants, among the early Christians, i. 417.

Abortion, ii. 20-24.

Infanticide, 24, 26.

Exposed children, 32.

Inst.i.tutions of the Romans for the benefit of children, 77

Chilon, his closing hours, i. 207

Cholera, theological notions respecting the, i. 356

Christian and pagan virtues compared, i. 190

Christianity; distinctions between the pagan and Christian conceptions of death, i. 208.

The importance of Christianity not recognised by pagan writers, 336.

Causes of this, 338.

Examination of the theory which ascribes part of the teaching of the later pagan moralists to Christian influence, 340.

Theory which attributes the conversion of Rome to evidences of miracles, 346.

Opinion of the pagans about the credulity of the Christians, 347.

Incapacity of the Christians of the third century for judging historic miracles, 375.

And for judging prophecies, 376.

Contemporary miracles represented as existing among them, 377.

Christian miracles had probably little weight with the pagans, 385.

Progress of Christianity to what due, 386, 387.

Singular adaptation of it to the wants of the time, 387.

Heroism it inspired, 390.

Explanation of the conversion of the Roman Empire, 393.

Account of the persecutions of the Christians, 395.

Reasons why the Christians were more persecuted than the Jews, 403, 406, 407.

The first cause of the persecution of the Christians, 406.

Charges of immorality brought against them, 414.

Due in a great measure to Jews and heretics, 416, 417.

The disturbance of domestic life caused by female conversions, 418.

Antipathy of the Romans to every system which employed religious terrorism, 421.

Christian intolerance of pagan worship, 423.

And of diversity of belief, 424-427.

History of the persecutions, 429.

Nero's, 429.

Domitian's, 431.

Condition of the Christians under the Antonines, 434.

Become profoundly obnoxious to the people, 436.

Marcus Aurelius, 439, 440.

Introduction of Christianity into France, 442, and _note_.

Att.i.tude of the rulers towards it from M. Aurelius to Decius, 451, _et seq._ Condition of the Church on the eve of the Decian persecution, 448.

Gallus, 454.

Valerian, 454.

Gallienus, 455.

Erection of churches in the Empire, 457.

Persecutions of Diocletian and Galerius, 458.

End of the persecutions, 463.

Ma.s.sacre of Christians in Phrygia, 464.

Moral efficacy of the Christian sense of sin, ii. 3.

Dark views of human nature not common in the early Church, 5.

The penitential system, 6.

Empire Christianity attained in eliciting disinterested enthusiasm, 8.

Great purity of the early Christians, 10, 11.

The promise of the Church for many centuries falsified, 12.

The first consequence of Christianity a new sense of the sanct.i.ty of human life, 17.

Influence in the protection of infant life, 20-32.

In the suppression of gladiatorial shows, 34.

Its effect upon persecutions, 40, _et seq._ The penal code not lightened by it, 42.

Condemnation of suicide, 43.

Second consequence of Christianity Teaches universal brotherhood, 61.

Slavery, 61-66.

Ransom of captives, 72.

Charity, 73.

Exertions of the Christians in the cause of charity, 75, 79.

Their exertions when the Empire was subverted, 81, 82, 88.

Theological notions concerning insanity, 85-90.

Almsgiving, 90-92.

Beneficial effect of Christianity in supplying pure images to the imagination, 99.

Summary of the philanthropic achievements of Christianity, 100.

Ways in which the ascetic mode of life affected both the ideal type and realised condition of morals, 122, _et seq._ History of the relations of Christianity to the civic virtues, 140.

Improvements effected by Christianity in the morals of the people, 153.