[482] _Ibid._

[483] _Sac. Celib._, 250, 252.

[484] _Canon Law_, can. XIII, dist. lvi.; Aquinas, _Sum._, II, 2, qu. 186, art. 4, sec. 3.

[485] Lea, _Sac. Celib._, 187.

[486] _Ibid._, 213. This is a good example of the change in notions of good arguments (sec. 194).

[487] _Ibid._, 244, 249.

[488] _Ibid._, 235.

[489] _Ibid._, 198.

[490] _Ibid._, 326; _Canon Law_, Gratian's Com. on can. I, dist.

xxvii.

[491] Lea, _Sac. Celib._, 271.

[492] _Ibid._, 356.

[493] _Ibid._, 350.

[494] _Ibid._, 355.

[495] _Ibid._, 416.

[496] _Ibid._, 209.

[497] _Ibid._, 356 ff.

[498] D'Ancona, _Orig. del teatro Ital._, II, 73.

[499] Deutsch, _Abelard_, 44, 106, 111.

[500] Hausrath, _Abelard_, 28, 32.

[501] Hall, _Elizabethan Age_, 103.

[502] Lea, _Sac. Celib._, 488.

[503] _Ibid._, 150.

[504] _Della Inquisizione di Venezia_, Opere IV, 51.

[505] Symonds, _Renaissance_, I, 372.

[506] Lenient, _La satire au M. A._, 41.

[507] Winckler, _Gesetze Hammurabis_, 19.

[508] _Ibid._, 26.

[509] Muller, _Hammurabi_, 131.

[510] Maspero, _Peuples de l'Orient_, III, 666.

[511] _Jewish Encyc._, VI, s.v. "Herod I."

[512] Suetonius, _Caligula_, 27.

[513] _Cod. Theod._, IX, 9.

[514] _Cod. Justin._, I, 9.

[515] _Cod. Theod._, VI, 2.

[516] In 1899 a German officer was condemned to death by a court martial for killing a half-breed subordinate with great torture.

The emperor reduced the punishment to fifteen years'

imprisonment, and in May, 1902, granted the prisoner a full pardon.--_Assoc. Press_, December 24, 1899; _N. Y. Times_, May 24, 1903.

[517] Lecky, _Morals_, I, 407.

[518] _Cod. Justin._, I, 5, sec. 4.

[519] _Iroquois Book of Rites_, 97.

[520] Elsberg, _Elizabeth Bathory_.

[521] 1 Cor. v. 1; 1 Tim. i. 20; Gal. i. 8.

[522] Maspero, _Peuples de l'Orient_, II, 539.

[523] Mahaffy, _Soc. Life in Greece_, 226.

[524] Nicias, _ad fin._

[525] Quint. Curt. Rufus, _Alexander_, VI, 11.

[526] _Hist. Eccles._, III.

[527] Gibbon, Chap. XVII; Hansen, _Zauberwahn_, etc., 108.

[528] Heyer, _Priesterschaft und Inquis._, 16-18; Lea, _Inquis._, I, Chap. V.

[529] Hansen, _Zauberwahn, Inquisition, und Hexenprocess im M.

A._, 110, 113.