Part 17
The following table shows detailed wages in five selected weeks.
+------------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------+
FIRM D.
Slack Weeks.
Typical Weeks.
Busy.
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Feb.
Feb.
June
Oct.
Dec.
24th,
23rd,
30th,
13th,
8th,
1899.
1900.
1899.
1899.
1899.
+------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Above 24_s._
0
0
1
1
2
22_s._ to 24_s._
0
0
1
3
5
20_s._ " 22_s._
2
1
3
3
16
18_s._ " 20_s._
6
3
11
10
33
16_s._ " 18_s._
23
20
26
40
36
14_s._ " 16_s._
45
58
51
52
59
12_s._ " 14_s._
40
44
45
38
17
10_s._ " 12_s._
35
32
26
24
19
8_s._ " 10_s._
24
19
15
24
17
6_s._ " 8_s._
15
15
6
18
7
4_s._ " 6_s._
9
9
4
5
0
2_s._ " 4_s._
1
1
2
0
0
+------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
Median
12 9
13 4
14 0
13 8
14 10
+------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Quartiles
15 0
14 9
15 6
16 0
18 0
10 0
10 4
11 4
10 6
13 4
+------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Dispersion
20
17
18
20
15
+------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
FIRM E.
_Information obtained._--Complete wage list for one week each month from August, 1894, to December, 1899.
Wages of eight hands tabulated, five through the whole period.
Folding, st.i.tching and sewing are done. Number employed was nearly regular, but increased from forty to sixty, and fell back to fifty.
The median fluctuates rapidly and greatly, but shows a gradual rise from 13_s._ (with fluctuations down to 8_s._ and up to 16_s._) to 16_s._ (with fluctuations down to 10_s._ and up to 19_s._). The "dispersion"
has changed little, and was about 15.
The following weeks (table p. 121) show the general run of wages.
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
FIRM E.
Feb.
July,
Nov.
Feb.
1895.
1895.
1895.
1899.
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Above 24_s._
0
0
0
0
22_s._ to 24_s._
1
0
0
0
20_s._ " 22_s._
1
0
3
1
18_s._ " 20_s._
1
1
0
1
16_s._ " 18_s._
1
5
3
0
14_s._ " 16_s._
4
10
10
3
12_s._ " 14_s._
8
17
18
4
10_s._ " 12_s._
13
8
14
12
8_s._ " 10_s._
9
7
7
19
6_s._ " 8_s._
4
5
2
10
4_s._ " 6_s._
0
0
0
2
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
Median
11 4
12 7
12 5
9 10
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Quartiles
12 11
14 7
14 4
10 11
9 8
10 8
10 7
8 4
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Dispersion
14
16
14
13
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
FIRM E.
July,
Nov.
Dec.
A Slack
1899.
1899.
1899.
Week,
1900.
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Above 24_s._
0
4
1
0
22_s._ to 24_s._
2
1
0
0
20_s._ " 22_s._
5
9
4
1
18_s._ " 20_s._
9
9
13
2
16_s._ " 18_s._
12
8
7
0
14_s._ " 16_s._
7
10
9
3
12_s._ " 14_s._
9
6
7
9
10_s._ " 12_s._
3
0
4
12
8_s._ " 10_s._
0
1
3
13
6_s._ " 8_s._
1
0
0
10
4_s._ " 6_s._
0
0
0
1
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
s. d.
Median
16 5
17 8
16 3
10 3
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Quartiles
18 7
20 1
18 10
12 0
13 5
15 5
13 9
8 4
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Dispersion
16
13
16
17
+------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
FIRM F.
_Information obtained._--Wages for all hands each week in 1896, and until March, 1900. So few are employed that no average can be given, and the wages are treated later under individual hands.
Also a small bookbinding firm.
1. A quick folder; wages generally from 12_s._ to 16_s._, but fluctuations down to 5_s._ and up to 20_s._
2. A quick sewer; very fluctuating, about 10_s._
3. A collator at 3_d._ per hour; 12_s._, with fluctuations.
FIRM G.
_Information obtained._--List of wages paid in 2nd week in each month, 1896, February, 1900, and four other weeks.
Wages of fourteen hands; six throughout the period.
All Departments.
_Weeks Selected at Beginning and End of Data._
+------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
FIRM G.
1896.
+--------------+--------------+--------------+
Feb.
July
Nov.
8th.
11th.
14th.
+----+---------+----+---------+----+---------+
--
Machine
--
Machine
--
Machine
Rulers.
Rulers.
Rulers.
+------------------+----+---------+----+---------+----+---------+
Above 24_s._
0
0
4
0
2
0
22_s._ to 24_s._
1
0
3
0
4
0
20_s._ to 22_s._
1
0
1
0
5
0
18_s._ to 20_s._
4
0
6
0
7
0
16_s._ to 18_s._
5
0
5
0
9
0
14_s._ to 16_s._
7
0
4
0
9
0
12_s._ to 14_s._
3
0
6
0
6
0
10_s._ to 12_s._
10
0
6
0
2
0
8_s._ to 10_s._
1
0
7
0
4
0
6_s._ to 8_s._
0
4
1
5
0
2
4_s._ to 6_s._
0
1
0
2
0
4
2_s._ to 4_s._
0
0
0
0
0
0
+------------------+----+---------+----+---------+----+---------+
(Apprentices excluded.)
+------------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+
Median (without
14s.
--
15s.
--
16s.
--
rulers).
8d.
6d.
+------------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+
FIRM G.
1899.
+--------------+--------------+--------------+
July
Nov.
Dec.
8th.
11th.
9th.
+--------------+----+---------+----+---------+
--
Machine
--
Machine
--
Machine
Rulers.
Rulers.
Rulers.
+------------------+----+---------+----+---------+----+---------+
Above 24_s._
2
0
0
0
5
0
22_s._ to 24_s._
5
0
2
0
3
0
20_s._ to 22_s._
10
0
13
0
12
0
18_s._ to 20_s._
6
0
12
0
11
0
16_s._ to 18_s._
0
0
5
0
3
0
14_s._ to 16_s._
2
0
6
0
8
0
12_s._ to 14_s._
9
0
10
0
8
0
10_s._ to 12_s._
13
0
3
0
2
0
8_s._ to 10_s._
3
2
8
2
7
3
6_s._ to 8_s._
1
3
2
6
1
7
4_s._ to 6_s._
0
0
0
0
0
0
2_s._ to 4_s._
0
0
1
0
0
0
+------------------+----+---------+----+---------+----+---------+
(Apprentices excluded.)
+------------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+-------+
Median (without
14s.
--
16s.
--
18s.
rulers).
6d.
2d.
+------------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+-------+
_Machine Ruling._--Four to nine hands, generally seven to nine. Time wages. Median moves slowly and steadily from 6_s._ to 7_s._ during 1896-99.
_Stamping._--Four, increasing to twelve hands, sometimes sixteen. The low wages are time (presumably learners); the rest piece. Time hands are excluded in the medians here, and in binding and despatch. Median is sometimes fluctuating, but not far from 12_s._ or 13_s._ for long.
_s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ 1896 1st half-year 14 3 2nd half-year 11 0 1897 " " 13 0 " " 13 0 1898 " " 12 4 " " 11 11 1899 " " 12 6 " " 11 11 1900 " " 14 2 (two months)
_Binding room_, including despatch, till middle of 1897, when numbers fell from forty to twenty. The despatch room, beginning with twenty, increased to thirty hands.
Binding--median varies from 11_s._ to 17_s._
_s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ 1896 1st half-year 14 1 2nd half-year 16 1 1897 " " 14 8 " " 15 4 1898 " " 15 0 " " 14 4 1899 " " 14 2 " " 13 11 1900 " " 14 2 (two months)
Despatch--median steadier and rising.
_s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ 1897 1st half-year -- -- 2nd half-year 15 0 1898 " " 17 6 " " 18 11 1899 " " 19 4 " " 20 9 1900 " " 16 3 (two months)
FIRM H.
_Information obtained._--Wage list, 3rd week in every month, 1895-98.
Every week in 1899, and eight special weeks. Wages of three hands tabulated throughout period.
Work done.--Printers' folding, sewing, magazines. No bookbinding.
Twenty-four to thirty-eight hands. Median very variable; _e.g._, July, 1899, 14_s._ 2_d._, 16_s._ 6_d._, 13_s._ 7_d._, 15_s._ 10_d._
_s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ 1895 1st half-year 11 5 2nd half-year 13 3 1896 " " 13 10 " " 12 4 1897 " " 12 11 " " 10 2 1898 " " 11 5 " " 16 0 1899 " " 13 1 " " 14 1 General trend to 13_s._
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
FIRM
Feb.
Aug.
Jan.
March
Oct.
Aug.
Sept.
Apr.
H.
15th
16th
24th
9th
7th
25th
15th
6th
1895
1895
1898
1898
1898
1899
1899
1900
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(c)
(b)
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
23s.
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
22s.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20s.
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
21s.
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
2
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
19s.
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
6
18s.
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
4
17s.
3
1
1
2
4
0
5
4
16s.
0
0
0
6
4
0
0
2
15s.
0
0
0
6
2
1
1
2
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
14s.
1
0
0
1
6
0
5
1
13s.
2
0
1
1
1
0
0
3
12s.
4
2
3
4
0
1
5
1
11s.
6
0
3
0
0
0
2
0
10s.
4
4
8
0
0
3
1
0
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
9s.
4
9
7
1
0
6
1
0
8s.
1
3
3
0
0
3
1
0
7s.
3
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
6s.
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
5s.
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
(d)
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
4s.
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
3s.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+
Me-
11s.
9s.
10s.
15s.
17s.
9s.
14s.
17s.
dian
4d.
3d.
6d.
3d.
7d.
2d.
+------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-------+------+ (a) Slack.
(b) Typical.
(c) Busy.
(d) 3 learners
FIRM I.
Publishers and bookbinders. No printers' folding.
_Information obtained._--Wage lists: 2nd week in each month, October, 1898, to March, 1900. Total wages every week to March, 1900. Wages of nine hands tabulated throughout.
+----+-------------+------+-----------------------------+------+
FIRM
+ I. +-------------+------+-----------------------------+------+
Median
Quarterly Averages
varies
(excluding Bank Holiday).
from +------+-----------------------------+------+
_s._ _d._
1898
1899
1900
+----+-------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+------+
C.
11 0 - 21 4
20 2
19 3
16 9
13 4
20 8
17 3
+----+-------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+------+
S.
7 0 - 15 6
14 0
12 8
9 10
8 6
13 6
13 0
+----+-------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+------+
F.
8 3 - 14 2
13 2
13 0
8 11
10 0
12 2
10 5
+----+-------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+------+
T.
13 0 - 16 4
15 8
15 11
13 6
13 4
15 0
14 0
+----+-------------+------+-------+-------+------+------+------+ 48 hours: no record of overtime.
C. = Collators (18 to 23) S. = Sewers (27 to 40) F. = Folders (53 to 91) T. = Time workers putting in plates (17 to 22)
+------------------+------+-------+------+------+------+
FIRM I.
Nov.
March
July
Nov.
Feb.
11th
10th
14th
10th
9th
1898
1899
1899
1899
1900
+------------------+------+-------+------+------+------+
32_s._ to 34_s._
1
3
1
2
1
30_s._ " 32_s._
1
3
0
1
0
28_s._ " 30_s._
4
2
0
2
1
26_s._ " 28_s._
1
3
0
2
0
24_s._ " 26_s._
5
1
0
8
1
22_s._ " 24_s._
2
4
0
4
2
20_s._ " 22_s._
11
9
1
10
3
18_s._ " 20_s._
14
16
0
11
3
16_s._ " 18_s._
20
16
2
14
14
14_s._ " 16_s._
25
22
10
13
15
12_s._ " 14_s._
22
28
18
30
32
10_s._ " 12_s._
24
32
20
25
24
8_s._ " 10_s._
14
17
27
6
15
6_s._ " 8_s._
7
5
30
4
11
4_s._ " 6_s._
3
3
18
1
5
2_s._ " 4_s._
4
3
3
0
0
0_s._ " 2_s._
2
1
0
0
0
+------------------+------+-------+------+------+------+
The total wage bill was:--
1898. 1899. 1899. 1900.
Oct. 462 Jan. 428 July 245 Jan. 330 Nov. 483 Feb. 471 Aug. 263 Feb. 346 Dec. 430 March 569(a) Sept. 502(a) March 408(a) -- April 305 Oct. 417 -- -- May 302 Nov. 403 -- -- June 383(a) Dec. 420(a) -- (a) Five weeks.
Total in 4th quarter, 1898 1375 " 1st " 1899 1468 " 2nd " " 990 " 3rd " " 1010 " 4th " " 1240 " 1st " 1900 1084
FIRM J.
A firm undertaking magazine work. _Information obtained._--General statement of ordinary wages. Wages in three selected weeks.
Bookfolding, st.i.tching, wrapping, etc. (magazine work). Work is regular for three weeks; none in the fourth.
