Maxwell House ad: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, May 1921, 611.

Jewel Tea cartoon: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, October 1933, 316.

"Wagon men": Miller, Jewel Tea Company.

Insert Two "Coffee An Aid to Factory Efficiency" poster: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, February 1921, 205.

G. Washington cartoon: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, February 1920, 266.

"Good Coffee" car: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, July 1905, 35. 1930s flight attendant: 1931 advertis.e.m.e.nt, author's collection.

Alice Foote MacDougall: MacDougall, Autobiography Autobiography.

1920s Italian coffeehouse: MacDougall, Autobiography Autobiography.

1934 cartoon ad: 1934 advertis.e.m.e.nt, author's collection.

"Mr. Coffee Nerves": Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, May 1936, 390.

"Golly, Mis' Maria": Hartman Center, Duke University.

Jitterbug poster: 1939 World's Fair ad, author's collection.

Mae West and Charlie McCarthy: The Harvard Theatre Collection, The Houghton Library.

Kenya coffee poster: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, June 1937, 349.

Eleanor Roosevelt: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, September 1941, 16.

WWII GIs: GIs: Coffee Coffee, 1948.

WWII soldiers cartoon: Bill Mauldin, Up Front. Up Front.

"Amazing Coffee Discovery!": Hartman Collection, Duke University.

"The Coffee Break" cartoon: Wall Street Journal. Wall Street Journal.

Frank Sinatra: Coffee Coffee 5, no. 1 (January 1947): 2. 5, no. 1 (January 1947): 2.

Chock full o' Nuts ad: Quinn, Scientific Marketing of Coffee. Scientific Marketing of Coffee.

U.S. housewives in Parana: Time Time, March 1, 1954, 33.

Hills Bros. ad: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, January 1966, 38.

Juan Valdez: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, January 1960, 24.

Wontkins Muppet: Quinn, Scientific Marketing of Coffee Scientific Marketing of Coffee.

Insert Three Alfred Peet: Jim Reynolds.

Baby Boom hippies: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, January 1970, 27.

Baldwin, Bowker, and Siegl: Jerry Baldwin's collection. Photo by Frank Denman.

Erna Knutsen: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, November 1974, 18.

Campesino cartoon: Jonas and Tobis, eds., Guatemala.

Robert Young: Madison Avenue Madison Avenue, May 1984, 83.

Folger's Mrs. Olson: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, January 1979, 23.

"Don't Drink Coffee" pin: Time Time, January 17, 1977, 46-47.

Ugandan coffee poster: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, August 1965, 28.

Folgers/Maxwell House boxing cartoon: Fortune Fortune, July 17, 1978, 68, cartoon by Jack Davis.

Far Side cartoon: The Far Side by Gary Larson.

Don Schoenholt: Donald Schoenholt collection.

Equal Exchange ad: Equal Exchange.

Screaming Man cartoon: Robert Therrien, "Screaming Man on Caffeine," 1991.

Taster's Choice commercial: McCann-Erickson.

Starbucks mermaid logo: Original mermaid, Jerry Baldwin, drawn by Terry Heckler.

In These Times cover: cover: In These Times In These Times, November 11, 1996, cover.

Howard Schultz: Rosanne Olson.

Bird label: Gold Valley Farms, West Chester, Pennsylvania.

Shaded plantation: Russ Kramer.

Bill Fishbein: Coffee Kids.

Fair Trade logo: TransFair USA.

Too Much Coffee Man: Shannon Wheeler, Adhesive Comics.

1.

Rhazes was really named Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya El Razi, and Avicenna was Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Abd Allah ibn Sina.

2.

Some Viennese were undoubtedly familiar with coffee prior to Kolschitzky's exploits, since the Turks established an emba.s.sy in Vienna in 1665. Johannes Diodato secured a permit to open a coffeehouse in Vienna in 1685, apparently prior to Kolschitzky.

3.

"Oh, Daddy, don't be such a drag," a modern librettist translates the cantata. "If I don't get my coffee fix three times a day, I'll die!"

4.

The Dutch stock from which de Clieu's tree sprang was known as typica typica. Though his tree was seminal, de Clieu was not the first to bring coffee to the Caribbean. The Dutch had introduced coffee into their colony of Dutch Guinea in South America, while the French grew it in French Guinea. The French were also responsible for another important coffee variety. In 1718 on the island of Bourbon (now called Reunion, in the Indian Ocean), they successfully planted seeds from Yemen, giving rise to the strain known as bourbon bourbon.

5.

Chicory had been used as a coffee adulterant as far back as 1688, but the French habit became ingrained during the Napoleonic era.

6.

Most Brazilian coffee is still stripped rather than selectively harvested, then "dry" processed. Some things have changed, however: mechanical harvesting is now possible on flat Brazilian farms, different types of trees now grow there, and many huge fazendas fazendas have given way to smaller lots. Also, the Brazilian specialty coffee industry has produced truly gourmet beans. have given way to smaller lots. Also, the Brazilian specialty coffee industry has produced truly gourmet beans.

7.

Some consumers got used to the Rioy flavor, however, and came to prize it.

8.

Coffee was a "monoculture" as an export crop. In fact, colonos colonos frequently grew subsistence crops between the coffee trees. frequently grew subsistence crops between the coffee trees.

9.

Indeed, Francisco Schmidt, a German immigrant in the 1880s, eventually came to own twenty huge fazendas fazendas with 16 million coffee trees, a private railway and phone system, and thousands of with 16 million coffee trees, a private railway and phone system, and thousands of colonos colonos.

10.

The Mayan Indians were not-and are not-a h.o.m.ogeneous group. There are some twenty-eight peoples, including the Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Ixil, and Mam. Although scattered throughout Guatemala, most reside in the western highlands.