I have seen specimens from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Crawford (Deam); Dearborn (Deam); Decatur (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Delaware (Deam); Dubois (Deam); Franklin (Deam); Gibson (Schneck), (Deam); Grant (Deam); Hanc.o.c.k (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Jackson (Deam); Knox (Schneck); Lawrence (Deam); Marion (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Posey (Deam); Owen (Grimes); Randolph (Deam); Scott (Deam); Tippecanoe (Deam); Vermillion (Deam); Vigo (Blatchley); Washington (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=2. Crataegus cuneiformis= (Marshall) Eggleston. (_C. pausiaca_ Ashe).

Marshall's Thorn. Plate 78. Bark dark brown, scaly; spines numerous, 2-18 cm. (3/4-7 inches) long; leaves oblanceolate-obovate, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, serrate or doubly serrate 3-6 cm. (1/2-1-1/2 inches) wide, dark vivid yellow-green, glabrous and impressed veined above when mature, subcoriaceous; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above; corymbs usually slightly p.u.b.escent, many flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) wide; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire; stamens, 10-15; anthers dark pink; styles and nutlets 2-4; fruit ripens in October, ellipsoidal-pyriform, scarlet or dark red, about 8 mm. (3/8 inch) thick, flesh hard, thick.

=Distribution.=--Western New York and Pennsylvania to southwestern Virginia, west to central Illinois.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 77.

CRATAEGUS CRUS-GALLI Linnaeus. c.o.c.k-spur Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 78.

CRATAEGUS CUNEIFORMIS (Marshall) Eggleston. Marshall's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

A small tree sometimes 8 m. (25 feet) high, with spreading branches, forming a flat or round crown. This species is intermediate between _Crus-galli_ and _punctata_ and has been found as yet only in a region where both these species are known.

I have seen specimens from the following counties: Clark (Deam); Floyd (Deam); Gibson (Schneck), (Deam); Hamilton (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Knox (Schneck); Marion (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Posey (Deam); Vigo (Blatchley); Wells (Deam).

=3. Crataegus punctata= Jacquin. Large-fruited Thorn. Dotted Haw. Plate 79. Bark grayish-brown, scaly; leaves light grey, 2-5 cm. (3/4-4 inches) long, 1-5 cm. (1/4-2 inches) broad, dull gray-green and markedly impressed-vein above, p.u.b.escent, becoming nearly glabrous above when mature, acute or obtuse at the apex, sharply cuneate at the base, serrate, doubly serrate or lobed at the apex, subcoriaceous; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above; corymbs tomentose or canescent, many flowered; flowers appear in June, about 2 cm. (5/6 inch) wide; calyx lobes lanceolate, ac.u.minate, entire; stamens about 20; anthers white or pink; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; fruit ripens in October or November, green, yellow or red, short-ellipsoidal, 1.2-2.5 cm. (1/2-1 inch) thick, flesh hard, thick; calyx lobes spreading.

=Distribution.=--Quebec to Pennsylvania, southeastern Minnesota, Iowa, Kentucky and south to the high Alleghenies. Well distributed over Indiana. A small tree, sometimes 10 m. (35 feet) high, with distinctly horizontal branches and a broad, flat crown.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Bartholomew (Deam); Dearborn (Deam); Fulton (Deam); Gibson (Deam); Grant (Deam); Hamilton (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Hendricks (Deam); Howard (Deam); Jennings (Deam); Johnson (Deam); Marion (Deam); n.o.ble (Deam); Putnam (Grimes); Vermillion (Deam); Vigo (Blatchley); Wayne (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=4. Crataegus Margaretta= Ashe. Judge Brown's Thorn. Mrs. Ashe's Thorn.

Plate 80. Bark dark grayish-brown; spines curved, 2-4 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) long; leaves oblong-obovate or ovate, sometimes broadly so, 2-6 cm. (3/4-2-1/2 inches) long, 2-4 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) wide, obtuse or acute at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, serrate or doubly serrate with 2 or 3 pairs of acute or obtuse lobes towards the apex, glabrous when mature, dark green above, membranaceous; petioles 1-3 cm.

(3/8-1-1/4 inches) long, slightly winged; corymbs slightly p.u.b.escent, becoming glabrous, 5-12 flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.5-2 cm.

(1/2-5/6 inch) wide; stamens about 20; anthers yellow; styles and nutlets usually 2; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, slightly p.u.b.escent inside; fruit ripens in October, dull rusty green, yellow or red, compressed-globose, to short ellipsoidal, angular, 8-25 mm. (1/2-2/3 inch) thick, flesh yellow, mealy, hard, thick; calyx lobes reflexed, deciduous.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 79.

CRATAEGUS PUNCTATA Jacquin. Large-fruited Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 80.

CRATaeGUS MARGARETTA Ashe. Judge Brown's Thorn. Mrs. Ashe's Thorn.

( 1/2.)]

=Distribution.=--Southern Ontario to central Iowa, western Virginia, Tennessee and Missouri. Known in Indiana only from the northern part of the State.

A small tree sometimes 8 m. (25 feet) high, with spreading branches.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Blackford (Deam); Ca.s.s (Mrs. Ida Jackson); Delaware (Deam); Elkhart (Deam); Fulton (Deam); Grant (Deam); Henry (Deam); Huntington (Deam); Johnson (Deam); Lagrange (Deam); Lawrence (Deam); n.o.ble (Deam); Randolph (Deam); Steuben (Deam); Tipton (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Wayne (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=5. Crataegus collna= Chapman. Chapman's Hill Thorn. Plate 81. Bark dark gray, scaly; spines numerous, about 3-7 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) long; often numerous branched thorns on the trunk 15-20 cm. (6-8 inches) long, brown; leaves obovate to oblanceolate, 2-6 cm. (3/4-2-1/4 inches) long, 1.5-5 cm. (1/2-2 inches) wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, strongly cuneate, serrate or doubly serrate with obtuse lobes towards the apex, subcoriaceous, yellow-green, young leaves somewhat p.u.b.escent, becoming glabrous with age; petioles about 2.5 cm. (1 inch) long, slightly hairy, somewhat winged; corymbs and calyx p.u.b.escent; flowers about 15 mm. (3/4 inch) wide; stamens 10-20, usually 20, anthers usually yellow; styles and nutlets, 4-5; calyx lobes glandular-ciliate or glandular-serrate; fruit ripens in October, globose or compressed-globose, red or orange-red, 9-12 mm. (3/8-1/2 inch) thick; calyx tube somewhat prominent, the lobes reflexed.

=Distribution.=--Virginia to Georgia, Indiana, Missouri and Mississippi.

Only one station known in Indiana; Deam's No. 12449 from Dearborn County.

A tree sometimes 8 meters (25 feet) high with spreading branches and a broad flat crown.

=6. Crataegus succulenta= Schrader. Long-spined Thorn. Plate 82. Bark gray; spines numerous, strong, 3-10 cm. (1-1/2-4 inches) long, chestnut-brown; leaves rhombic-ovate to obovate, 3-8 cm. (1-1/4-3-1/4 inches) long, 2.5-6 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) wide, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, serrate or doubly serrate with fine teeth, often lobed towards the apex, coriaceous, dark shining green above, p.u.b.escent along the veins beneath; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above; corymbs slightly villous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) broad; stamens 10-20, usually 10; anthers pink or occasionally yellow or white, large; styles and nutlets usually 2 or 3; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, glandular-laciniate, villous; fruit ripens in September, subglobose, 5-15 mm. (1/4-2/3 inch) thick, dark red, shining, flesh thin, glutinous; nutlet with deep pits on the inner faces; calyx-lobes villous, reflexed.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 81.

CRATaeGUS COLLINA Chapman. Chapman's Hill Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 82.

CRATaeGUS SUCCULENTA Schrader. Long-spined Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=Distribution.=--Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Nebraska and south in the higher Alleghenies to North Carolina and in the Rocky Mountains to southern Colorado. As yet reported only from northern to central Indiana.

A small tree sometimes 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches and a broad, irregular crown; more often, however, a large shrub.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Ca.s.s (Mrs. Ida Jackson); Fulton (Deam); n.o.ble (VanGorder); Putnam (Grimes); Tippecanoe (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=Horticultural Uses.=--Highly ornamental for parks and hedges because of the abundant flowers, dark green shining leaves and its dark red shining fruit.

=7. Crataegus neo-fluvialis= Ashe. New River Thorn. Plate 83. Bark grayish; spines numerous, 2.5-8 cm. (1-3 inches) long; leaves elliptical-ovate to obovate, 2.5-8 cm. (1-3 inches) long, 2-6 cm.

(3/4-2-1/2 inches) wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, sharply and doubly serrate, with obtuse or acute lobes towards the apex, coriaceous, dark green and shining above, p.u.b.escent along the veins beneath; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged-above; corymbs and calyx-tubes glabrous or slightly villous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-1.6 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) broad, stamens 15-20, anthers usually pink, small; styles and nutlets usually 2 or 3; calyx lobes more villous on the inside, lanceolate-ac.u.minate, glandular-laciniate; fruit ripens in September, globose or short ellipsoidal, dark red, 4-13 mm. (1/4-1/2 inch) thick, flesh thin, glutinous, nutlets with deep pits in the inner faces; calyx lobes reflexed, glabrous or slightly hairy.

=Distribution.=--Western Vermont to eastern Wisconsin, Iowa and south in the Alleghenies to North Carolina.

A small tree sometimes 8 m. (30 feet) high, with ascending and spreading branches.

Specimens have been seen from Allen (Deam); Fulton (Deam); Shelby (Deam); Wells (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 83.

CRATaeGUS NEO-FLUVIALIS Ashe. New Riverthorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 84.

CRATaeGUS CALPODENDRON (Ehrhart) Medicus. Pear-thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=8. Crataegus Calpodendron= (Ehrhart) Medicus. Pear-thorn. Pear or Red Haw. Plate 84. Bark pale gray to dark brown, furrowed; spines occasional, slender 3-5 cm. (1-1/4-2 inches) long; leaves rhombic-ovate, 4-11 cm. (1-1/2-4-1/2 inches) long, 3-8 cm. (1-1/4-3 inches) wide, acute or ac.u.minate at the apex, finely and doubly serrate, those on the vegetative shoots obtuse and more entire than the others, p.u.b.escent on both sides, becoming scabrate above, subcoriaceous, dull green above; petioles about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) long, wing margined, glandular hairy; corymbs white-tomentose, many flowered; flowers appear in June, about 1.5 cm. (2/3 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers small, pink; styles and nutlets usually 2 or 3; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, glandular laciniate; fruit ripens in September, pyriform to ellipsoidal, orange-red or red, 8-10 mm. (1/3 inch) thick, flesh glutinous; nutlets with deep pits in their inner faces; calyx lobes reflexed.

=Distribution.=--Central New York, northeastern New Jersey to Minnesota and Missouri and south in the mountains to northern Georgia.

A large shrub or occasionally a tree 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches forming a broad crown.

Specimens have been examined from the following counties: Boone (Deam); Floyd (Deam); Hanc.o.c.k (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Harrison (Deam); Marion (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Posey (Deam); Putnam (Grimes); Tippecanoe (Stanley Coulter); Wells (Deam); White (Deam); Whitley (Deam).

=9. Crataegus chrysocarpa= Ashe. (_Crataegus Dodgei_ Sargent. _Crataegus rotundifolia_, Borckhausen.) Round-leaved Thorn. Plate 85. Bark dark red-brown, scaly; spines numerous, chestnut-brown, curved, 2-5 cm. (1-2 inches) long; leaves ovate-orbicular or obovate, 3-6 cm. (1-1/4-2-1/4 inches) long, 2-6 cm. (3/4-2-1/4 inches) wide, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, doubly serrate with rather coa.r.s.e teeth and with 3 or 4 pairs of acute lobes, subcoriaceous, dark yellow-green and shining above, slightly p.u.b.escent or glabrous; corymbs glabrous or slightly p.u.b.escent; flowers 10-15 mm. (1/2-3/4 inch) wide; stamens 5-10; anthers light yellow; styles and nutlets usually 3-4; calyx lobes lanceolate, ac.u.minate, usually entire, but glandular margined; fruit depressed-globose to short ovoid, about 10 mm. (1/2 inch) thick, flesh soft; calyx lobes reflexed.

=Distribution.=--Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to Saskatchewan, south to Nebraska and Pennsylvania and in the mountains to North Carolina and New Mexico.