[109] This article is partly based on papers by Mr. P.B. Telang, Munsiff Seoni-Malwa, and Mr. Waman Rao Mandloi, naib-tahsildar, Harda.

[110] This derivation is also negatived by the fact that the name Maharatta was known in the third century B.C., or long before the Rastrakutas became prominent.

[111] _Bombay Gazetteer; Gujarat Hindus_, p. 338.

[112] Ibbetson, _Punjab Census Report_ (1881).

[113] _Bombay Gazetteer, l.c._ text and footnote by R. v. J. S. Taylor.

[114] Kitts' _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 143.

[115] See article on Panwar Rajput.

[116] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 144.

[117] Kitts' _Berar Census Report_ p. 144.

[118] Described in the articles on Kurmi and Kunbi.

[119] _Loc. cit_.

[120] _Bombay Gazetteer, Gujarat Hindus, loc. cit._

[121] In Berar for ten days--Kitts' _Berar Census Report, l.c._

[122] 3rd Baisakh (April) Sudi, commencement of agricultural year.

[123] _Berar Census Report, l.c._

[124] _Berar Census Report, l.c._

[125] _Bombay Gazetteer, Gujarat Hindus_.

[126] It was formerly suggested that the fact of the Mahars being the chief worshippers at the shrines of Sheikh Farid indicated that the places themselves had been previously held sacred, and had been annexed by the Muhammadan priests; and the legend of the giant, who might represent the demonolatry of the aboriginal faith, being slain by the saint might be a parable, so to say, expressing this process. But in view of the way in which the Mehtars worship Musalman saints, it seems quite likely that the Mahars might do so for the same reason, that is, because Islam partly frees them from the utter degradation imposed by Hinduism. Both views may have some truth. As regards the legends themselves, it is highly improbable that Sheikh Farid, a well-known saint of northern India, can ever have been within several hundred miles of either of the places with which they connect him.

[127] From Mr. C. Brown's notes.

[128] _C.P. Police Gazette_.

[129] Kitts, _l.c._

[130] _Ibidem_.

[131] Stated by Mr. C. Brown.

[132] Vol. ii. p. 237.

[133] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. xii. p. 175.

[134] Rev. A. Taylor in _Bombay Gazetteer, Gujarat Hindus_, p. 341 f.

[135] The following pa.s.sage is taken from Forbes, _Rasmala_, i. p. 112.

[136] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. xi p. 73.

[137] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. xi. p. 73.

[138] Grant Duff; _History of the Marathas_, vol. i. p. 24.

[139] _Nagpur Settlement Report_ (1899), p. 29.

[140] This article consists of extracts from Sir H. Risley's account of the caste in the _Tribes and Castes of Bengal_.

[141] See lists of exogamous septs of Mahli, Sandal, Munda and Puri in Appendix to _Tribes and Castes cf Bengal_.

[142] _Ethnology of Bengal_, p. 326.

[143] This article is based on papers by Mr. Hira Lal and Suraj Baksh Singh, a.s.sistant Superintendent, Udaipur State, with references to Mr. Crooke's exhaustive article on the Majhwars in his _Tribes and Castes_.

[144] Crooke, art Majhwar, para. 1.

[145] _Tribes and Castes of Bengal_, art. Manjhi.

[146] Crooke, _Tribes and Castes of Bengal_, art. Manjhi, para. 4.

[147] Crooke, _Tribes and Castes of Bengal,_ art. Manjhi, para. 63.

[148] _Ibidem,_ para. 54.

[149] _Ficus glomerata_.

[150] Based entirely on Colonel Dalton's account in the _Ethnology of Bengal_, and Sir H. Risley's in the _Tribes and Castes of Bengal_.

[151] See _The Khandesh Bhil Corps_, by Mr. A. H. A. Simc.o.x, p. 62.

[152] _Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies_, ed. 1897, pp. 25, 26.

[153] Page 130.

[154] _Hinduism_, in 'Religions Ancient and Modern' Series, p. 26.

[155] This article is based princ.i.p.ally on Mr. Low's description of the Marars in the _Balaghat District Gazetteer_ and on a paper by Major Sutherland, I.M.S.

[156] _C.P. Census Report_ (1891), para. 180.

[157] Schroder, _Prehistoric Antiquities_, 121, quoted in Crooke's _Tribes and Castes_, art. Mali.

[158] _Punjab Census Report_ (1881), para. 483.