A game (undescribed) recorded by the Rev. S. D. Headlam, as played by Hoxton School children.-_Church Reformer_, 1894.

Stik-n Snael (Stick and Snell)

Game of cat.-Elworthy, _West Somerset Words_. The short stick, pointed at both ends, is called a snell.

Stocks

A schoolboys' game. Two boys pick a side, and there is one den only, and they toss to see which side shall keep it. The side which wins the toss then goes out, and when two boys have got a good distance off they cry "Stocks." The boys who keep the den run after them to catch them. When one is caught his capturer counts ten while he holds him (in a more primitive but less refined state, spat over his head) and cries _Stocks_. This prisoner is taken into the den. If they are all caught the other side turns out. But if one of the outer side can manage to run through the den and cry "Stocks," all the prisoners are relieved, and can go out again.-Easther's _Almondbury Glossary_. See "Stacks."

Stones

A circle of stones is formed according to the number of players, generally five or seven each side. One of the out party stands in the centre of the circle, and lobs at the different stones in rotation; each hit a player gives all his side must change stations, in some places going round to the left and in others to the right. The stones are defended by the hand or a stick, according as a ball or stick is lobbed.

All the players are out if the stone is. .h.i.t, or the ball or stick caught, or one of the players is. .h.i.t while running. In different counties or places these games are more or less modified.-Dublin, _Folk-lore Journal_, ii. 264-265.

Mr. Kinahan, who describes this game, adds a very instructive note, which is worth quoting:-

"These games I have seen played over half a century ago, with a lob-stick, but of later years with a ball, long before a cricket club existed, in Trinity College, Dublin, and when the game was quite unknown in a great part of Ireland. At the same time, they may have been introduced by some of the earlier settlers, and afterwards degenerated into the games mentioned above; but I would be inclined to suspect that the Irish are the primitive games, they having since been improved into cricket. At the present day these games nearly everywhere are succeeded by cricket, but often of a very primitive form, the wickets being stones set on end, or a pillar of stones; while the ball is often wooden, and very rudely formed."

Stool-ball

The first mention of this game is by Smyth in his _Berkeley Ma.n.u.scripts_. In the reign of Elizabeth, the Earl of Leicester, with an extraordinary number of attendants and mult.i.tudes of country people, and "whom my neighbours parallel to Bartholomew faire in London, came to Wotton, and thence to Michaelwood Lodge, castinge down part of the pales, which like a little park then enclosed the Lodge (for the gates were too narrow to let in his Trayne), and thence went to Wotton Hill, where hee plaid a match at stoball."-_Gloucestershire County Folk-lore_, p. 26.

The earliest description of the game, however, is by Aubrey. He says "it is peculiar to North Wilts, North Gloucestershire, and a little part of Somerset near Bath. They smite a ball, stuffed very hard with quills and covered with soale leather, with a staffe, commonly made of withy, about three feet and a half long. Colerne down is the place so famous and so frequented for s...o...b..ll playing. The turfe is very fine and the rock (freestone) is within an inch and a halfe of the surface which gives the ball so quick a rebound. A s...o...b..ll ball is of about four inches diameter and as hard as a stone. I do not heare that this game is used anywhere in England but in this part of Wiltshire and Gloucestershire adjoining." (Aubrey's _Natural History of Wiltshire_, p. 117; _Collections for North Wilts_, p. 77). It is no doubt the same game as Stool-ball, which is alluded to by Herrick in 1648 (_Hesperides_), and in Poor Robin's Almanack for 1677 (see Halliwell's _Dictionary_).

D'Urfey's _Don Quixote_, written in 1694, alludes to it as follows:-

"Down in a vale, on a summer's day, All the lads and la.s.ses met to be merry; A match for kisses at stool-ball to play, And for cakes and ale, and cider and perry."

_Chorus;_

"Come all, great, small, short, tall- Away to stool-ball."

It is also alluded to in Poor Robin's Almanack for 1740:

"Now milkmaids pails are deckt with flowers, And men begin to drink in bowers, The mackarels come up in shoals, To fill the mouths of hungry souls; Sweet sillabubs, and lip-lov'd tansey, For William is prepared by Nancy.

Much time is wasted now away, At pigeon-holes, and nine-pin play, Whilst hob-nail d.i.c.k, and simpring Frances, Trip it away in country dances; At _stool-ball_ and at barley-break, Wherewith they harmless pastime make."

It is described by Strutt in _Sports and Pastimes_, p. 103, as a variety of game more commonly known as "goff" or "bandy ball," the paganica of the Romans, who also stuffed their b.a.l.l.s with feathers. According to Dr.

Johnson, the b.a.l.l.s are driven from stool to stool, hence the name.

In spite of Aubrey's opinion as to the limited range of this game, it appears to have been pretty generally played. Thus, Roberts' _Cambrian Antiquities_ says, "Stool-ball, resembling cricket, except that no bats are used and that a stool was subst.i.tuted for the wicket, was in my memory also a favourite game on holydays, but it is now seldom or ever played. It generally began on Easter Eve" (p. 123). It was also an old Suss.e.x game. Mr. Parish's account is that it was "similar in many respects to cricket, played by females. It has lately been revived in East Suss.e.x by the establishment of stool-ball clubs in many villages.

The elevens go long distances to play their matches; they practise regularly and frequently, display such perfection of fielding and wicket-keeping as would put most amateur cricketers to shame. The rules are printed and implicitly obeyed."-Parish's _Dictionary of Suss.e.x Dialect_.

Miss Edith Mendham says of the Suss.e.x game, it is supposed to derive its name from being played by milkmaids when they returned from milking.

Their stools were (I think) used as wickets, and the rules were as follows:-

1. The wickets to be boards one foot square, mounted on a stake, which, when fixed in the ground, must be four feet nine inches from the ground.

2. The wickets to be sixteen yards apart, the bowling crease to be eight yards from the wicket.

3. The bowler to stand with one foot behind the crease, and in bowling must neither jerk nor throw the ball.

4. The ball to be of that kind known as "Best Tennis," No. 3.

5. The bats to be of wood, and made the same size and shape as battledores.

6. The striker to be out if the ball when bowled hits the wicket, or if the ball be caught in the _hands_ of any of the opposing side, or if in running, preparing to run, or pretending to run, the ball be thrown or touch the wicket before the striker reaches it, and the ball in all cases must strike the face of the wicket, and in running the striker must at each run strike the wicket with her bat.

7. There should be eleven players on each side.

8. Overs to consist of eight b.a.l.l.s.

Miss F. Hagden, in her short History of Alfriston, Suss.e.x, says, "In the Jubilee year the game of stool-ball was revived and played in the Tye field. The rules resemble those of cricket, but the wickets are square boards on posts; the bowler stands in the centre of the pitch, the bats used are round boards with a handle. The game in Alfriston seems now to have died out again, but in many villages there are regular clubs for the girls," p. 43. It also appears to be a game among Lancashire children to this day. A stool is used as a wicket, at which it is attempted to throw the ball; a player stands near the stool, and using his or her hand as a bat, wards off the blow. If the ball hits the stool the thrower takes the place at wicket; or if the ball is caught the catcher becomes the guardian of the stool. Stool-ball, like all ball games, was usually played at Easter for tansy cakes. Mr. Newell (_Games and Songs_) says this game is recorded by the second governor of Ma.s.sachusetts as being played under date of the second Christmas of the colony.

See "Bittle-battle," "Cricket," "Stool-ball."

Strik a Licht

A version of hide and seek. One player is chosen to be "it." The other players go away to a distance and "show a light," to let "it" understand they are ready. They then hide, and the first one found has to be "it"

in place of the previous seeker.-Aberdeen (Rev. W. Gregor).

See "Hide and Seek."

Stroke

A game at marbles, where each player places a certain number on a line and plays in turns from a distance mark called "scratch," keeping such as he may knock off.-Lowsley's _Berkshire Glossary_.

Stroke Bias

Brome, in his _Travels over England_, 1700, p. 264, says: "The Kentish men have a peculiar exercise, especially in the eastern parts, which is nowhere else used in any other country, I believe, but their own; it is called 'Stroke Bias,' and the manner of it is thus. In the summer time one or two parishes convening make choice of twenty, and sometimes more, of the best runners which they can cull out in their precincts, who send a challenge to an equal number of racers within the liberties of two other parishes, to meet them at a set day upon some neighbouring plain; which challenge, if accepted, they repair to the place appointed, whither also the county resort in great numbers to behold the match, when having stripped themselves at the goal to their shirts and drawers, they begin the course, every one bearing in his eye a particular man at which he aims; but after several traverses and courses on both sides, that side, whose legs are the nimblest to gain the first seven strokes from their antagonists, carry the day and win the prize. Nor is this game only appropriated to the men, but in some places the maids have their set matches too, and are as vigorous and active to obtain a victory."

Sun and Moon

"A kinde of play wherein two companies of boyes holding hands all on a rowe, doe pull with hard hold one another, till one be overcome."-Quoted by Halliwell (_Dictionary_), from _Thomasii Dictionarium_, London, 1644.

Sunday Night

I. Sunday night an' Nancy, oh!

My delight and fancy, oh!

All the world that I should know If I had a Katey, oh!