4a. Pedicels with spreading p.u.b.escence =Wood Sorrel, Oxalis corniculata.=

4b. Pedicels with appressed p.u.b.escence =Wood Sorrel, Oxalis stricta.=

GERANIACEAE, the Geranium Family

Herbs, with deeply lobed or divided leaves; flowers regular, with 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 or 10 stamens, and a 5-celled ovary.

1a. Anthers 5 (spreading or ascending plants, 2-4 dm. high; flowers pink or purple, spring and summer) --2.

1b. Anthers 10 --3.

2a. Leaves pinnately dissected =Stork's-bill, Erodium cicutarium.=

2b. Leaves palmately divided into cuneate lobes =Crane's-bill, Geranium pusillum.=

3a. Leaves ternately divided, the lobes pinnatifid (2-4 dm. high; flowers purple, late spring and summer) =Herb Robert, Geranium robertianum.=

3b. Leaves palmately 3-11-lobed --4.

4a. Petals 12 mm. long or more (3-6 dm. high; flowers pale purple, spring) =Wild Geranium, Geranium maculatum.=

4b. Petals less than 10 mm. long (Crane's-bill) --5.

5a. Seed-bearing portion of the pistil smooth, glabrous or nearly so (low spreading plant; flowers purple, late spring and summer) =Crane's-bill, Geranium columbinum.=

5b. Seed-bearing portion of the pistil transversely wrinkled (widely branching. 1-3 dm. tall; flowers purple, summer) =Crane's-bill, Geranium molle.=

5c. Seed-bearing portion of the pistil p.u.b.escent (widely branching. 1-5 dm. tall) --6.

6a. Leaves divided almost to the base (flowers pinkish or white, spring and summer) --7.

6b. Leaves divided one-half to two-thirds the way to the base (flowers purple, summer) =Crane's-bill, Geranium rotundifolium.=

7a. Petals white or pale pink; flowers in compact cl.u.s.ters =Crane's-bill, Geranium carolinianum.=

7b. Petals pink-purple; flowers in loose cl.u.s.ters =Crane's-bill, Geranium bicknellii.=

RUTACEAE, the Rue Family

Shrubs or low trees, with compound leaves frequently dotted with translucent glands; flowers small, greenish-white, with 3-5 sepals, petals, and stamens.

1a. Leaflets 5-9; stems th.o.r.n.y =p.r.i.c.kly Ash, Zanthoxylum americanum.=

1b. Leaflets 3; stems not th.o.r.n.y =Hop Tree, Ptelea trifoliata.=

SIMARUBACEAE, the Qua.s.sia Family

Trees, with pinnately compound leaves and small greenish-yellow flowers in large panicles in early summer, ripening into winged fruits.

One species in Michigan, escaped from cultivation chiefly in towns =Tree of Heaven, Ailanthus glandulosa.=

POLYGALACEAE, the Milkwort Family

Small herbs, with alternate or whorled simple leaves, and small irregular flowers; sepals 5, petals 3, stamens 6 or 8, more or less united with each other and with the petals.

1a. All of the leaves alternate --2.

1b. Some or all of the leaves in whorls (1-4 dm. high; flowers greenish, purple, or white; summer) (Milkwort) --6.

2a. Flowers few, loosely cl.u.s.tered, 15-20 mm. long (1-3 dm. high; flowers purple; early summer) =Flowering Wintergreen, Polygala paucifolia.=

2b. Flowers numerous, in a spike or raceme --3.

3a. Stem-leaves minute, linear-subulate; stem slender, erect, 3-7 dm.

high (flowers pink; summer) =Milkwort, Polygala incarnata.=

3b. Stem-leaves narrowly oblong or broader; stem generally 1-4 dm. high --4.

4a. Flowers in a short thick obtuse very dense spike (flowers greenish or purple; summer) =Milkwort, Polygala sanguinea.=

4b. Flowers in a slender tapering spike --5.

4c. Flowers in a raceme; plants with subterranean flowers also (flowers purple; early summer) =Milkwort, Polygala polygama.=

5a. Leaves linear or nearly so (flowers purple; summer) --7b.

5b. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 2-6 cm. long (flowers white; late spring) =Seneca Snakeroot, Polygala senega.=

5c. Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate (flowers white; late spring) =Seneca Snakeroot, Polygala senega var. latifolia.=

6a. Spike oval, thick, obtuse =Milkwort, Polygala cruciata.=