7. _Siphonaptera_ (Fleas).

8. _Hymenoptera_ (_a_) _Symphyta_ (Saw-flies) (_b_) _Apocrita_ (Gall-flies, Ichneumon-flies, Wasps, Bees, Ants).

TABLE OF GEOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

These names, given by geologists to the various divisions of rocks, as indicated by the fossils entombed in them, are arranged in 'descending'

order, the more recent formations above, the more ancient below, as newer deposits necessarily lie over older beds.

CALNOZOIC OR TERTIARY GROUP.

Pleistocene.

Pliocene.

Miocene.

Eocene.

MESOZOIC OR SECONDARY GROUP.

Cretaceous.

Jura.s.sic.

Tria.s.sic.

PALAEOZOIC OR PRIMARY GROUP.

Permian.

Carboniferous.

Devonian.

Silurian.

Cambrian.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following list of some books and papers, referred to in this little volume or of especial service to the author in its preparation, is needless to say very far from exhaustive. To save s.p.a.ce, t.i.tles are often abbreviated. Most of the works in the general list (A) contain extensive lists of literature on insects and their transformations, these should be consulted by the serious student.

A. GENERAL WORKS.

1909. C. Borner. Die Verwandlungen der Insekten. _Sitzb. d. Gesellsch.

naturforsch. Freunde, Berlin._

1869. F. Brauer. Betrachtung uber die Verwandlung der Insekten.

_Verhandl. der K.K. zool.-bot. Gesellschaft in Wien._ XIX.

1899. G.H. Carpenter. Insects, their Structure and Life. London.

1859. C. Darwin. The Origin of Species. London.

1909. P. Deegener. Die Metamorphose der Insekten. Leipzig.

1906. J.W. Folsom. Entomology. London.

1878. C. Gegenbaur. Grundriss der Vergleichende Anatomie. Leipzig.

1906. A. Handlirsch. Die fossilen Insekten. Leipzig.

1904. L.F. Henneguy. Les Insectes. Paris.

1907. R. Heymons. Die verschiedenen Formen der Insectenmetamorphose.

_Ergebnisse der Zoologie._ I.

1899. A. Lameere. La raison d'etre des Metamorphoses chez les Insectes.

_Ann. Soc. Entom. Bruxelles._ XLIII.

1874. J. Lubbock. The Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects. London.

1895. L.C. Miall. (_a_) The Transformations of Insects. _Nature._ LIII.

1895. ---- (_b_) The Natural History of Aquatic Insects. London.

1908. ---- Injurious and Useful Insects. 2nd edition. London.

1839. G. Newport. Insects. _Todd Cyclopaedia._ II. London.

1898. A.S. Packard. Text book of Entomology. New York.

1734-42. R.A.F. de Reaumur. Memoires pour servir a l'Histoire naturelle et a l'anatomie des Insectes. Paris.

1895-8. D. Sharp. The Cambridge Natural History, V, VI. London.

1899. ---- Some points in the Cla.s.sification of Insects. IV. _Internat.

Zoolog. Congress._

1902. ---- Insects in _Encycl. Brit._ 10th Edition, XXIX. London.

1910. ---- and G.H. Carpenter. Hexapoda in _Encycl. Brit._ 11th Edition. Cambridge.

1737. J. Swammerdam. Biblia Naturae. Leyden (incorporates works on Insects published during the author's lifetime 1669-75).

1909. F.V. Theobald. Insect Pests of Fruit. Wye.