[67] IV. 935.

[68] Ib. 764.

[69] V. 513.

[70] Manilius hints at the general dislike of Tiberius in one or two obscure pa.s.sages, _e.g._ I. 455; II. 290, 253; where the epithets _tortus, p.r.o.nus_, applied to Capricorn, which was Tiberius's star, hint at his character and his disgrace. Cf. also, I. 926.

[71] De Or. I. 16.

[72] It may interest the reader to catalogue some of his peculiarities. We find _admota moenibus arma_ (iv. 37), a phrase unknown to military language; _ambiguus terrae_ (II. 231), _agiles metae Phoebi_ (I. 199) = circ.u.m quas agiliter se vert.i.t; _Solertia facit artes_ (I. 73) = invenit.

Attempts at brevity like _fallente solo_ (I. 240) = Soli declivitas nos longitudine fallens; _Moenia ferens_ (I. 781) = muralem coronam; inaequales Cyclades_ (iv. 637), _i.e._ ab inaequalibus procellis vexatae, a reminiscence from Hor. (Od. II. ix. 3). Constructions verging on the illegitimate, as _sciet, quae poena sequetur_ (iv. 210); _nota aperire viam_, sc. sidera (I. 31); _Sibi nullo monstrante loquuntur Neptuno debere genus_ (II. 223); _Suus_ for eius (IV. 885); _nostrumque parentem Pars sua perspicimus_. The number might be indefinitely increased. See Jacob's full index.

[73] These are worth reading. They are--I. 1-250, 483-539; II. 1-150, 722-970; III. 1-42; IV. 1-118 (the most elaborate of all), 866-935; V.

540-619, the account of Perseus and Andromeda.

[74] A hint borrowed from Plato's _Timaeus_.

[75] I. 246. An instance of a physical conclusion influencing moral or political ones. The theory that seas separate countries has always gone with a lack of progress, and _vice versa_.

[76] _Vis animae divina regit, sacroque meatu Conspirat deus et tacita ratione gubernat_ (I. 250).

[77] Hyg. P. A, ii. 14.

[78] I. 458.

[79] II. 58.

[80] _Mundi Vates_, II. 148.

[81] _E.g._ that of spring, V. 652-668.

[82] _E.g._ the transitions _Nunc age_ (iii. 43), _Et quoniam dictum est_ (iii. 385); _Percipe_ (iv. 818), &c.; the frequent use of alliteration (i.

7, 52, 57, 59, 63, 84, 116, &c.); of asyndeton (i. 34; ii. 6); polysyndeton (i. 99, _sqq._).

[83] _E.g. pedibus quid iungere certis_ (iii. 35).

[84] _E.g._ in those of Phaethon, and Perseus and Andromeda.

[85] _E.g. alia proseminat usus_ (i. 90); _inde species_ (ii. 155), &c.

[86] Facis ad (i. 10); caelum et (i.795); _conor et_ (in thesi. iii. 3); pudent (iv. 403).

[87] _E.g._ clepsisset (i. 25); itiner (i. 88); compagine (i. 719); sorti _abl_. (i. 813); audireque (ii 479).

[88] _E.g._ the plague so depopulated Athens that (ii. 891) _de tanto quondam populo vix contigit heres!_ At the battle of Actium (ii. 916); _in Ponto quaesitus rector Olympi!_

CHAPTER V.

[1] He was an adept in the _res culinaria_. Tac. An. vi. 7, bitterly notes his degeneracy.

[2] _Haterii_ canorum illud et profluens c.u.m ipso simul extinctum est, Ann. iv. 61.

[3] The author of two books on figures of speech, an abridged translation of the work of Gorgias, a contemporary Greek rhetorician.

[4] Seneca and Quintilian quote numerous other names, as _Pa.s.sienus, Pompeius, Silo, Papirius Flavia.n.u.s, Alfius Flavus_, &c. The reader should consult Teuffel, where all that is known of these worthies is given.

[5] The praenomen M. is often given to him, but without authority.

[6] Probably until 38 A.D.

[7] Contr. I. praef. ii.

[8] See Teuffel, -- 264.

[9] His son speaks of his home as _antiqua et severa_.

[10] Caesar, it will be remembered, was greatly struck with the attention given to the cultivation of the memory in the Druidical colleges of Gaul.

[11] Many of these facts are taken from Seeley's Livy, Bk. I. Oxford, 1871.

[12] L. Seneca (Epp. xvi. 5, 9) says: "_Scripsit enim et dialogos quos non magis philosophiae annumeres quam historiae et ex professo philosophiam continentes libros_." These half historical, half philosophical dialogues may perhaps have resembled Cicero's dialogue _De Republica_: Hertz supposes them to have been of the same character as the _logistopika_ of Varro (Seeley, v. 18).

[13] Tac. Ann. iv. 34.

[14] Sen. N. Q.

[15] Plin. Ep. ii. 3.

[16] _Praef. ad Nat. Hist._

[17] De. Leg. i. 2. See also Book II. ch. iii. _init._

[18] _Maiorum quisquis primus fuit ille tuorum Aut pastor fuit aut illud quod dicere nolo_, Sat. viii. _ult._

[19] _E.g._ III. 26. "When Cincinnatus was called to the dictatorship, he was either digging or ploughing; authorities differed. All agreed in this, that he was at some rustic work." Cf. iv. 12, and i. 24, where we have the sets of opposing authorities, _utrumque traditur, auctores utroque trahunt_ being appended.

[20] A contemporary of the Gracchi; very little is known of him.

[21] Quaestor, 203 B.C. He wrote in Greek. A Latin version by a _Claudius_, whom some identify with Quadrigarius, is mentioned by Plutarch.

[22] For these see back, Bk. I. ch. 9.

[23] See App. p. 103.

[24] _Fasti_.

[25] See p. 88.