[1] Callan _v._ Wilson, 127 U.S. 540 (1888).

[2] Reynolds _v._ United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1879). _See also_ Lovato _v._ New Mexico, 242 U.S. 199 (1916).

[3] Balzac _v._ Porto Rico, 258 U.S. 298, 304-305 (1922).

[4] Ra.s.smussen _v._ United States, 197 U.S. 516 (1905).

[5] 140 U.S. 453 (1891).

[6] Ibid. 464.

[7] United States _v._ Hudson & Goodwin, 7 Cr. 32, 33 (1812); United States _v._ Coolidge, 1 Wheat. 415 (1816); United States _v._ Britton, 108 U.S. 199, 206 (1883); United States _v._ Eaton, 144 U.S. 677, 687 (1892).

[8] Callan _v._ Wilson, 127 U.S. 540, 552 (1888).

[9] Schick _v._ United States, 195 U.S. 65, 68 (1904).

[10] District of Columbia _v._ Clawans, 300 U.S. 617 (1937).

[11] District of Columbia _v._ Colts, 282 U.S. 63 (1930).

[12] Callan _v._ Wilson, 127 U.S. 540 (1888).

[13] Oceanic Navigation Co. _v._ Stranahan, 214 U.S. 320 (1909); Hepner _v._ United States, 213 U.S. 103 (1909); United States _v._ Regan, 232 U.S. 37 (1914).

[14] United States ex rel. Turner _v._ Williams, 194 U.S. 279, 289 (1904); Zakonaite _v._ Wolf, 226 U.S. 272 (1912).

[15] In re Debs, 158 U.S. 564, 594 (1895); Gompers _v._ United States, 233 U.S. 604 (1914); Myers _v._ United States, 264 U.S. 95 (1924).

[16] United States _v._ Zucker, 161 U.S. 475, 481 (1896).

[17] Counselman _v._ Hitchc.o.c.k, 142 U.S. 547, 563 (1892).

[18] Patton _v._ United States, 281 U.S. 276 (1930).

[19] Thompson _v._ Utah, 170 U.S. 343, 350 (1898); Ra.s.smussen _v._ United States, 197 U.S. 518 (1905).

[20] Capital Traction Co. _v._ Hof, 174 U.S. 1, 13 (1899).

[21] Maxwell _v._ Dow, 176 U.S. 581, 586 (1900); Andres _v._ United States, 333 U.S. 740 (1948).

[22] Patton _v._ United States, 281 U.S. 276 (1930).

[23] Beavers _v._ Haubert, 198 U.S. 77 (1905).

[24] Callan _v._ Wilson, 127 U.S. 540, 557 (1888).

[25] Crawford _v._ United States, 212 U.S. 183 (1909).

[26] 299 U.S. 123 (1936).

[27] Frazier _v._ United States, 335 U.S. 497 (1948).

[28] Dennis _v._ United States, 339 U.S. 162 (1950).

[29] Stilson _v._ United States, 250 U.S. 583, 586 (1919).

[30] Reynolds _v._ United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1879).

[31] Ruthenberg _v._ United States, 245 U.S. 480 (1918).

[32] Salinger _v._ Loisel, 265 U.S. 224 (1924).

[33] Beavers _v._ Henkel, 194 U.S. 73, 83 (1904).

[34] Brown _v._ Elliott, 225 U.S. 392 (1912); Hyde _v._ United States, 225 U.S. 347 (1912); Haas _v._ Henkel, 216 U.S. 462 (1910).

[35] Burton _v._ United States, 202 U.S. 344 (1906).

[36] Armour Packing Co. _v._ United States, 209 U.S. 56 (1908).

[37] United States _v._ Johnson, 323 U.S. 273, 274 (1944).

[38] Hagner _v._ United States, 285 U.S. 427, 429 (1932).

[39] Hughes _v._ Gault, 271 U.S. 142 (1926). _Cf._ Tinsley _v._ Treat, 205 U.S. 20 (1907); Beavers _v._ Henkel, 194 U.S. 73, 84 (1904).

[40] Lamar _v._ United States, 241 U.S. 103 (1916).

[41] Jones _v._ United States, 137 U.S. 202, 211 (1890); United States _v._ Dawson, 15 How. 467, 488 (1853).

[42] Cook _v._ United States, 138 U.S. 157, 182 (1891). _See also_ United States _v._ Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., 310 U.S. 150, 250-254 (1940); _also_ United States _v._ Johnson, 323 U.S. 273 (1944).

[43] United States _v._ Potter, 56 F. 83, 88 (1892). _See also_ Viereck _v._ United States, 318 U.S. 236 (1943); Kraus Bros. _v._ United States, 327 U.S. 614, 621 (1946).

[44] United States _v._ Cohen Grocery Co., 264 F. 218, 220 (1920), affirmed 255 U.S. 81 (1921).

[45] 255 U.S. 81 (1921).

[46] Ibid. 89.

[47] 8 U.S.C. -- 145 (c).

[48] United States _v._ Spector, 343 U.S. 169 (1952).

[49] 325 U.S. 91 (1945).

[50] Section 20 of the Criminal Code; 18 U.S.C. -- 242.