[229] McCray _v._ United States, 195 U.S. 27, 61 (1904).

[230] Treat _v._ White, 181 U.S. 264 (1901).

[231] Flint _v._ Stone Tracy Co., 220 U.S. 107 (1911).

[232] National Paper & Type Co. _v._ Bowers, 266 U.S. 373 (1924).

[233] Billings _v._ United States, 232 U.S. 261, 282 (1914).

[234] Steward Machine Co. _v._ Davis, 301 U.S. 548 (1937); Helvering _v._ Davis, 301 U.S. 619 (1937).

[235] Bromley _v._ McCaughn, 280 U.S. 124 (1929).

[236] Haavik _v._ Alaska Packers' a.s.sociation, 263 U.S. 510 (1924).

[237] Alaska Fish Salting & By-Products Co. _v._ Smith, 255 U.S. 44 (1921).

[238] La Belle Iron Works _v._ United States, 256 U.S. 377 (1921).

[239] Helvering _v._ Northwest Steel Mills, 311 U.S. 46 (1940).

[240] Fernandez _v._ Wiener, 326 U.S. 340 (1945); _cf._ Coolidge _v._ Long, 282 U.S. 582 (1931).

[241] Untermeyer _v._ Anderson, 276 U.S. 440 (1928). _See also_ Blodgett _v._ Holden, 275 U.S. 142 (1927); Nichols _v._ Coolidge, 274 U.S. 531 (1927).

[242] Heiner _v._ Donnan, 285 U.S. 312 (1932).

[243] United States _v._ Hudson, 299 U.S. 498 (1937). _See also_ Stockdale _v._ Insurance Companies, 20 Wall. 323, 331, 341 (1874); Brushaber _v._ Union Pac. R.R., 240 U.S. 1, 20 (1916); Lynch _v._ Hornby, 247 U.S. 339, 343 (1918).

[244] Cooper _v._ United States, 280 U.S. 409 (1930); _see also_ Reinecke _v._ Smith, 289 U.S. 172 (1933).

[245] Helvering _v._ Mitch.e.l.l, 303 U.S. 391 (1938).

[246] Helvering _v._ Nat. Grocery Co., 304 U.S. 282 (1938).

[247] Patton _v._ Brady, 184 U.S. 608 (1902).

[248] Tyler _v._ United States, 281 U.S. 497 (1930); United States _v._ Jacobs, 306 U.S. 363 (1939).

[249] Reinecke _v._ Smith, 289 U.S. 172 (1933).

[250] Tiger _v._ Western Investment Co., 221 U.S. 286 (1911). _See also_ Brader _v._ James, 246 U.S. 88 (1918); Williams _v._ Johnson, 239 U.S.

414 (1915); Lone Wolf _v._. Hitchc.o.c.k, 187 U.S. 553 (1903).

[251] Choate _v._ Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 (1912). _See also_ English _v._ Richardson, 224 U.S. 680 (1912).

[252] Garfield _v._ United States, 211 U.S. 249 (1908). _See also_ United States ex rel. Turner _v._ Fisher, 222 U.S. 204 (1911).

[253] Winton _v._ Amos, 255 U.S. 373 (1921).

[254] United States ex rel. Brown _v._ Lane, 232 U.S. 598 (1914).

[255] Walker _v._ McLoud, 204 U.S. 302, 309 (1907); Carpenter _v._ Shaw, 280 U.S. 363 (1930).

[256] United States _v._ Jones, 109 U.S. 513, 518 (1883); United States _v._ Carmack, 329 U.S. 230, 241 (1946).

[257] United States _v._ Lynah, 188 U.S. 445, 465 (1903).

[258] Kohl _v._ United States, 91 U.S. 367, 374 (1876).

[259] Chappell _v._ United States, 160 U.S. 499, 510 (1896).

[260] Oklahoma _v._ Atkinson Co., 313 U.S. 508, 534 (1941).

[261] United States _v._ Chemical Foundation, 272 U.S. 1, 11 (1926).

_See also_ Brown _v._ U.S., 8 Cr. 110 (1814); Page (Miller) _v._ United States, 11 Wall. 268, 304 (1871); Woodson _v._ Deutsche G. & S.S.V.

Roessler, 292 U.S. 449 (1934); United States _v._ Dunnington, 146 U.S.

338 (1892); c.u.mmings _v._ Deutsche Bank, 300 U.S. 115 (1937).

[262] Stoehr _v._ Wallace, 255 U.S. 239, 245 (1921).

[263] Silesian-American Corp. _v._ Clark, 332 U.S. 469 (1947); Becker Steel Co. _v._ c.u.mmings, 296 U.S. 74 (1935).

[264] Russian Volunteer Fleet _v._ United States, 282 U.S. 481 (1931), followed in Guessefeldt _v._ McGrath, 342 U.S. 308 (1952).

[265] Shoemaker _v._ United States, 147 U.S. 282, 298 (1893).

[266] 327 U.S. 546 (1946).

[267] Ibid. 551.

[268] Ibid. 556-557; citing United States _v._ Gettysburg Electric R.

Co., 160 U.S. 668, 680 (1896); Rindge Co. _v._ Los Angeles County, 262 U.S. 700, 709 (1923); Old Dominion Land Co. _v._ United States, 269 U.S.

55, 66 (1925); Cincinnati _v._ Vester, 281 U.S. 439, 446 (1930).

[269] 327 U.S. 546, 557-558.

[270] United States _v._ Gettysburg Electric R. Co., 160 U.S. 668 (1896).

[271] Brown _v._ United States, 263 U.S. 78 (1923).

[272] Monongahela Nav. Co. _v._ United States, 148 U.S. 312, 345 (1893).

[273] James _v._ Campbell, 104 U.S. 356, 358 (1882). _See also_ Hollister _v._ Benedict & B. Mfg. Co., 113 U.S. 59, 67 (1885).

[274] Omnia Commercial Co. _v._ United States, 261 U.S. 502 (1923).

[275] International Paper Co. _v._ United States, 282 U.S. 399 (1931).