CHAPTER II.

[Footnote 1: See MacBain's note at p. 157 of Skene's _Highlanders of Scotland_.]

[Footnote 2: For the boundaries of Sutherland, see Sir R. Gordon's _Genealogie of the Earles_, pp. i and 2, and map hereto.]

[Footnote 3: In Ness the subjacent stone is too near the surface to have ever admitted of the growth of large trees.]

[Footnote 4: Scrope, _Days of Deerstalking_, 3rd edit., pp. 374-377.]

[Footnote 5: Curie's _Inventories of Monuments, &c._, 1911 (Caithness) 1911 (Sutherland), and see his maps. Why are there no brochs in Moray, Aberdeenshire and the Mearns? Did the Picts come there from the west and south-west coast after the age of broch-building, driven before the Scots, first eastward, then north into the Grampians?]

[Footnote 6: For example in Loch Naver.]

[Footnote 7: Anderson's _Scotland in Pagan Times_, pp. 174-259.]

[Footnote 8: See Munro's _Prehistoric Scotland_, p. 356.]

[Footnote 9: Often spelt Mormaor. See Ritson, _Annals of the Caledonians_, pp. 62-3.]

[Footnote 10: See _Scotland in Early Christian Times_ (Anderson), pp.

141-2.]

[Footnote 11: Despite _The Pictish Nation_, pp. 69 and 401. But see Skene, _Chron. Picts and Scots (Annals of Tighernac_) p. 75, where 150 Pictish ships are said to have been wrecked in 729 A.D.]

[Footnote 12: See Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, vol. ii. pp. 65-101.]

[Footnote 13: Worsaae, _The Prehistory of the North_, pp. 184-7.

_Scandinavian Britain_, pp. 34-42.]

[Footnote 14: Viking Society's _Orkney and Shetland Folk_, 1914.]

[Footnote 15: Robertson, _Early Kings_, vol. i, p. 105, and ii, p.

469.]

[Footnote 16: Dun-bretan, or the fort of the Britons; Alcluyd, the rock of the Clyde.]

CHAPTER III.

[Footnote 1: _H.B._, vol. i, p. 22.]

[Footnote 2: _Chron. Hunt._ Skene, _Chron. Picts and Scots_, p. 209.]

[Footnote 3: See also Rhys, _Celtic Britain_, p. 198.]

[Footnote 4: _Flatey Book_, vol. i, ch. 218.]

[Footnote 5: _H.B._, vol. i, p. 27.]

[Footnote 6: Haroldswick in Unst is said to have been called after King Harald. Tudor, _O. and S._, p. 570.]

[Footnote 7: _Ekkjals-bakki_ is clearly Oykel's Bank, the high bank or [Greek: ochthe hypsele] of Ptolemy. "Ochill" is the same word. As for Bakke, see Coldbackie and Hysbackie near Tongue.]

[Footnote 8: _O.S._, ch. 4, 5.]

[Footnote 9: The late Dr. Joa.s.s had identified the site of the burial mound. It is said to be Croc Skardie on the S.E. bank of the River Evelix, near Sidera. Skardi is a Norse word, and probably means a gap, or a twin-topped hillock, which it is.]

[Footnote 10: _H.B._, i, p. 28.]

[Footnote 11: See Skene's _Chronicles of the Picts and Scots_, pp. 8, 9 and lxxv, and _Celtic Scotland_, vol. i, 339, note.]

[Footnote 2: An able paper on this subject by the late Mr. R.L.

Bremner was read to the Viking Society, and it is hoped may be printed. But Brunanburgh is usually located south of the Humber, or in the Wirral in Cheshire. See _Scandinavian Britain_, pp. 131-4 where it is located on the west coast, and on this coast it probably was.]

[Footnote 13: See _Genealogie of the Earles_, pp. 1 and 2, as to the "boundaries of Southerland."]

[Footnote 14: _F.B._, vol. i, pp. 221-9. See Trans. of _O.S._, Hjaltalin and Goudie, App. pp. 203-212. See also _St. Olaf's Saga_, c.

cix. See also generally Vigfusson's _Prolegomena to Sturlunga Saga_, Introduction, p. xcii, vol. i.]

[Footnote 15: The "scurvy Kalf" and "tree-bearded Thorir."]

[Footnote 16: _O.S._, ch. 6, 7.]

[Footnote 17: _O.S._, ch. 8, on Rinar's Hill. Tudor, _O. and S._, p.

364.]

[Footnote 18: _O.S._, ch. 80. But see _Heimskringla_, Saga Library, i, 96 and _St. Olaf's Saga_, ch. cv and cvii.]

[Footnote 19: See _Blackwood's Magazine_, April 1920; an able and interesting article int.i.tuled _A Branch of the Family_, by J. Storer Clouston.]

[Footnote 20: _F.B._, ch. 183, 184.]

[Footnote 21: Tudor, _Orkney and Shetland_, p. 336.]

[Footnote 22: _Torf. Orc._, p. 25, "facile de alieno largientis."]

[Footnote 23: _F.B._, 115. _O.P._, 783. _F.B._, 186. _O.S._, 10, 11.

_O.S._, 8. Skene, _Celtic Scotland_, i, 374-9.]

[Footnote 24: Dalrymple, _Collections_, p. 99.]

[Footnote 25: Viking Society, _Orkney and Shetland Folk_, 1914, p. 5.]

[Footnote 26: _O.P._, (Canisbay), vol. ii, 794, 816.]

[Footnote 27: _O.S._, 11.]