52.9: #negantes . . . habendam#: 'by saying that no account should be taken of him.' For #negantes#, see p. 41, n. 15. _rationem habere_ is a phrase of mercantile life.

52.10: Scipio was less than twenty-five years old. In later times no one could be aedile till he had completed his thirty-sixth year.

52.11: impersonal pass. from _eo_: 'they proceeded.'

52.12: #admodum adulescentem#: 'though but,' etc.

53.1: #adlatum erat#: impersonal pass.: 'the news had been brought.'

53.2: _patior_.

53.3: #qui . . . iuraverit# (fut. perf. indic.) = a conditional clause, _si quis non iuraverit_. Cf. _qui . . . crederent_, l. 35, below.

53.4: Cf. p. 31, n. 9.

53.5: #Haud . . . si#: 'Quite as much frightened as if.'

53.6: Cf. p. 47, n. 12.

53.7: P. Cornelius Scipio and Cn. Cornelius Scipio, respectively father and uncle of Africanus.

53.8: Sc. _senatui_ or _populo_.

53.9: Cf. p. 3, n. 2.

53.10: Subjunctive by attraction: see p. 13, n. 10.

53.11: #inops consilii#: 'at its wit's end.'

53.12: The gen. is regularly used with adjectives denoting fullness or the opposite: H 451, 2 (399, I, 3): M 573: A 218, a: G 374: B 204, 1.

53.13: = 'to be a candidate.'

53.14: #unde . . . posset = ut inde . . . posset#; cf. p. 5, n. 3.

53.15: #animorum impetus#: 'enthusiasm,' 'excitement.'

53.16: #populum . . . paenitere#: cf. _Veientes . . .

paenituisset_, XI, 13, and note.

54.1: Cf. p. 42, n. 5.

54.2: = _in eum locum_.

54.3: _congero_.

54.4: #satis# often = our 'tolerably.'

54.5: A brother of Hannibal.

54.6: #victum . . . expulit# = _vicit et expulit_.

54.7: = '_but_ the captives,' etc. Cf. p. 2, n. 24, and p. 5, n. 13.

54.8: We have here side by side the gen. and the abl. of characteristic. For the difference between them, see H 473, 2, N.

1 (419, 2): M 558: A 215, N.: G 400, R. 1.

54.9: #id aetatis#: 'at that age,' i.e. though he was so young.

The accus. #id# is variously explained: see H 416, 2 (378, 2): M 507: A 240, _b_: G 336, N. 2; B 185. #aetatis# is partitive gen.

(p. 30, n. 2) with #id#.

55.1: Why is #vellet# subjunctive?

55.2: #effusis# (_effundo_) . . . #lacrimis#: 'with tears of joy.'

How literally?

55.3: #qui . . . deducerent#: 'to escort him.'

55.4: #quo . . . appellarunt#: Roman soldiers, after a victory, hailed their general as Imperator. It was a way of saying that the leader had won his spurs and had really earned his title, which he had assumed on beginning the campaign.

55.5: 'in my eyes,' 'to my mind'; a dative of reference.

55.6: #regium nomen# = _regis nomen_, 'the title of king.' Cf.

_nomen imperatoris_, l. 80, and _regis appellatione_, l. 84.

55.7: Sc. _esse_.

55.8: #quem . . . speraret#: causal rel. clause (p. 31, n. 1).

55.9: For the two datives, see p. 25, n. 6.

55.10: future infinitive of _sum_.

56.1: Son of Gisco (so also in l. 148); to be carefully distinguished from the Hasdrubal of l. 61.

56.2: Sc. _navem_; 'was sailing.'

56.3: _= ut peteret_. Cf. p. xviii, E 5.

56.4: #Cenatum . . . est# (_ab iis_): impers. pass.; 'they dined.'

56.5: #lecto . . . accubuerunt# (_accumbo_): the writer has in mind the Roman custom, according to which men reclined at meals, supporting themselves on the left elbow. Three persons or more occupied the same couch.

56.6: #iam dudum cupiebat#: 'had long desired.' _Iam diu_, _iam dudum_, and _iam pridem_ give to the _present_ the force of the English _perfect_, to the _imperfect_ the force of the English _pluperfect_.

56.7: Sc. _eius_: 'of him present' = 'now that he met him face to face.'

56.8: #cultus# (_colo_) #munditiis#: '(too) elegantly adorned.'

How literally?

56.9: #de . . . remisso#: 'for the release of his nephew.' For the construction, see p. 5, n. 15.

56.10: _quaero_.

56.11: #oblatam# (_offero_): 'now that it was at last offered.'

56.12: 'the legal time'; _legitima aetas_, l. 11. In later days forty-three was the legal age.

57.1: See p. 5, n. 3.

57.2: Sc. _die_, for the gender of which, as in _dies, quae dicta erat_, l. 127, see Vocab., _dies_.

57.3: For mood and tense, see p. 6, n. 1. What did Scipio say?

57.4: 'pitched,' lit. 'measured.' The Roman camp was always laid out with great care, according to a fixed plan, and was carefully fortified, even if the stay was to last but one night.

57.5: The participles = rel. clauses: see p. xxiv, L 1.

57.6: #interrogatos# (sc. _eos_) #. . . dimisit# = _interrogavit (eos) . . . et . . . dimisit_, or _cum (eos) . . . interrogasset, . . . dimisit_.

58.1: = Syphax. For _ipse_ referring to the principal personage, see also I, 5, and II, 4 [[notes 2.5 and 5.1]].

58.2: 'misfortune.' So _fama_ = both 'fame' and 'ill repute,'

_valetudo_ = both 'health' and 'sickness.'

58.3: dat. of indir. object with #temperans#.

58.4: #quod . . . duxisset.# What does the subjunctive show?

58.5: #ab . . . duxisset#: cf. p. 50, n. 4.

58.6: acc. of extent of space: cf. p. xvii, D 2.

58.7: 'motionless.'

58.8: #armis . . . esse#: 'that the issue must be decided by arms.' Note the method employed in translating the impers. passive here and in lines 13, 23, and 98, and apply it to #pugnari#, l. 173.

58.9: #Ceterum constat#: 'it is, however, well known.'

59.1: _percello_.

59.2: Cf. _negantes_, l. 10, and p. 6, n. 20.

59.3: #pacta# (_paciscor_) #essent#: subjunctive by attraction: see p. 13, n. 10.

59.4: _pario_.

59.5: i.e. of all ever celebrated in Rome.

59.6: #haud piget#: sc. _me_; 'I am not ashamed.' _piget_ is construed exactly like _paenitet_: see p. 28, n. 7.

59.7: Here = the temple, sacred to Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva.

59.8: #id temporis# = _eo tempore_. Cf. note on _id aetatis_, l. 66.

60.1: Join #e militibus# with #quispiam#, l. 204.

60.2: #in . . . iuberet#: 'when and where he bade (the accused) appear for trial.' #vades sisti# is the passive of _vades sistere_, a legal phrase = 'to make one's bail stand,' i.e. to make it effective, and so 'to stand trial.' _Sistere_ often means 'to produce in court,' as in l. 207.

60.3: #sese sistant#: 'let them produce themselves,' i.e. appear for trial.

60.4: #Die tertia# = _perendie_, l. 206. In counting days, the Romans usually included the day from which they started.

60.5: locative.

60.6: Cf. n. on _castra metatus est_, l. 140.

60.7: #illo elegantius#: 'more judiciously than he.' For #illo#, see p. 10, n. 18.

60.8: Sc. _castris_.

60.9: See p. 47, n. 12. #diceres# is imperfect, as referring to present time; the other verbs denote past time.

60.10: 'in that event'; = _si te vicissem_.

61.1: 'a (mere) fighter.'

61.2: _pario_.

61.3: This war lasted from 192 to 190.

61.4: partitive gen. with #parum#, which is here a noun. In l. 225 it was an adverb.

61.5: #nihil . . . commutatum#: 'no change was made.' Note that #nihil# is an adverbial acc. of degree, and that #commutatum est# is impersonal.

61.6: 'treated.'

61.7: #tum maxime#: 'at that very moment.'

61.8: Explain mood and tense.