124. RAC, Rockefeller Brothers Fund Archives, 310-4. RAC, Rockefeller Brothers Fund Archives, 310-4.

125. Henry Young, letter to the editor, Henry Young, letter to the editor, Abilene Reporter-News Abilene Reporter-News, Oct. 25, 1952, Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin; Abilene Reporter-News Abilene Reporter-News, Oct. 31, 1957; and New Yorker New Yorker, Oct. 20, 1928.

126. Time Time, Aug. 18, 1961.

127. Meyer, Meyer, Art Museum Art Museum, p. 120.

128. New York Times New York Times, Oct. 12, 1968.

129. Estelle Wolf to Percy Sutton, Manhattan borough president, Aug. 7, 1969, Hoving Papers. Estelle Wolf to Percy Sutton, Manhattan borough president, Aug. 7, 1969, Hoving Papers.

130. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script.

131. Ibid. Ibid.

132. Ibid. Ibid.

133. Village Voice Village Voice, Feb. 12, 1970.

134. New York Times New York Times, April 14, 1970.

135. Remarks of Douglas Dillon at centennial luncheon, April 13, 1970. Remarks of Douglas Dillon at centennial luncheon, April 13, 1970.

136. Rosenblatt oral history. Rosenblatt oral history.

137. New York Times New York Times, April 13, 1970.

138. New York Times New York Times, Nov. 7, 1971; and New York New York, Jan. 19, 1970.

139. New York Times New York Times, May 10, 1972.

140. Rosenblatt oral history. Rosenblatt oral history.

141. New York Times New York Times, Sept. 16, 1970.

142. "A Statement on the Metropolitan Museum of Art Issues by Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Affairs Administrator August Heckscher, January 20, 1971." "A Statement on the Metropolitan Museum of Art Issues by Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Affairs Administrator August Heckscher, January 20, 1971."

143. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script.

144. Meyer, Meyer, Art Museum Art Museum, p. 120.

145. Rosenblatt oral history. Rosenblatt oral history.

146. Meier, Meier, Pain Killer Pain Killer, p. 9.

147. Hoving, Hoving, Making the Mummies Dance Making the Mummies Dance, p. 94.

148. Rosenblatt oral history. Rosenblatt oral history.

149. Ibid. Ibid.

150. Tom Hoving file memo, Dec. 29, 1982, and memos to Phil Herrera, Jan. 1 and 2, 1983, Hoving Papers. Tom Hoving file memo, Dec. 29, 1982, and memos to Phil Herrera, Jan. 1 and 2, 1983, Hoving Papers.

151. New York Times New York Times, May 11 and 19, 1980.

152. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script. Hoving, centennial ma.n.u.script.

153. Ibid. Ibid.

154. Smithsonian Smithsonian, May 1987.

155. Hess, Hess, My Times My Times, p. 135.

156. Reminiscences of John B. Oakes, pp. 22232. Reminiscences of John B. Oakes, pp. 22232.

157. Steegmuller to Canaday, March 7, 1972, Canaday Papers. Steegmuller to Canaday, March 7, 1972, Canaday Papers.

158. New York Times New York Times, March 19, 1972.

159. Art in America Art in America, Jan.Feb. 1973.

160. New Republic New Republic, June 1, 1975.

161. Ibid. Ibid.

162. Hoving, Hoving, Making the Mummies Dance Making the Mummies Dance, p. 298.

163. Rosenblatt oral history. Rosenblatt oral history.

164. Boleslaw Mastai to Canaday, Oct. 16, 1972, Canaday Papers. Mastai was the publisher of a directory of art and antiques dealers. "The Metropolitan Museum would not need to sell any pictures if its director and curator had not grown used to modest little creature comforts like weekends in Moscow at the drop of a hat," he wrote. Boleslaw Mastai to Canaday, Oct. 16, 1972, Canaday Papers. Mastai was the publisher of a directory of art and antiques dealers. "The Metropolitan Museum would not need to sell any pictures if its director and curator had not grown used to modest little creature comforts like weekends in Moscow at the drop of a hat," he wrote.

165. Washington Post Washington Post, Feb. 18, 1973.

166. Melik Kaylan, "Who Stole the Lydian h.o.a.rd?" Melik Kaylan, "Who Stole the Lydian h.o.a.rd?" Connoisseur Connoisseur, July 1987.

167. Watson and Todeschini, Watson and Todeschini, Medici Conspiracy Medici Conspiracy, p. 165.

168. Thomas Hoving, "Super Art Gems of New York City," Thomas Hoving, "Super Art Gems of New York City," www.artnet.com, June 29, 2001.

169. Time Time, March 5, 1973.

170. The account of the Tahmasp The account of the Tahmasp Shahnameh Shahnameh is based on a confidential interview with a Houghton relative; an interview with Andras Riedlmayer of Harvard's Fine Arts Library; Feigen, is based on a confidential interview with a Houghton relative; an interview with Andras Riedlmayer of Harvard's Fine Arts Library; Feigen, Tales from the Art Crypt Tales from the Art Crypt, pp. 20524; Burlington Magazine Burlington Magazine, June 1983; Dr. Habibollah Ayatollahi, "Tahmasbi Shahnameh," on www.iranchamber.com; New York Times New York Times, Nov. 18, 1976; International Herald Tribune International Herald Tribune, April 27, 1996, Oct. 18, 1997, April 22, 2000, and April 24, 2004; and Art Newspaper Art Newspaper, Oct. 1994.

171. Klaus Graf, ExLibris e-mail list, Jan. 23, 2005; Klaus Graf, ExLibris e-mail list, Jan. 23, 2005; Harvard Library Bulletin Harvard Library Bulletin (Fall 2003), pp. 37; and (Fall 2003), pp. 37; and Art Newspaper Art Newspaper, Oct. 1994.

172. New York Times New York Times, Feb. 8, 1975.

173. New York Times New York Times, March 2, 1975.

174. Pope-Hennessy, Pope-Hennessy, Learning to Look Learning to Look, pp. 22930.

175. PDGF, Devree to Paul O'Dwyer, Nov. 23, 1976. PDGF, Devree to Paul O'Dwyer, Nov. 23, 1976.

ARRIVISTES:.

JANE AND A ANNETTE E ENGELHARD, 19742009 1. Author interview, confidential source. Author interview, confidential source.

2. Diana Vreeland Papers, Vreeland contract, July 18, 1972, box 10, folder 2. Diana Vreeland Papers, Vreeland contract, July 18, 1972, box 10, folder 2.

3. Ibid., unsigned memo, Dec. 4, 1972, box 7, folder 14. Ibid., unsigned memo, Dec. 4, 1972, box 7, folder 14.

4. Ibid., Perry Ruston to Vreeland, May 11, 1972, Si Newhouse note to Vreeland, Aug. 1986, box 7, folder 14. Ibid., Perry Ruston to Vreeland, May 11, 1972, Si Newhouse note to Vreeland, Aug. 1986, box 7, folder 14.

5. Ibid., Vreeland to Rousseau, Aug. 10, 1972, box 10, folder 4. Ibid., Vreeland to Rousseau, Aug. 10, 1972, box 10, folder 4.

6. Ibid., box 14, folder 5. Ibid., box 14, folder 5.

7. Ibid., Vreeland to Masatake Katamoto, Aug. 28, 1972, box 10, folder 4. Ibid., Vreeland to Masatake Katamoto, Aug. 28, 1972, box 10, folder 4.

8. Ibid., Vreeland to Stella Blum, Sept. 25, 1972, box 12, folder Ibid., Vreeland to Stella Blum, Sept. 25, 1972, box 12, folder I I.

9. Ibid., Mapplethorpe to Vreeland, Sept. 7, 1972, box 11, folder 3. Ibid., Mapplethorpe to Vreeland, Sept. 7, 1972, box 11, folder 3.

10. Ibid., undated memo, box 10, folder 2. Ibid., undated memo, box 10, folder 2.

11. Ibid., Vreeland notes, box 10, folder 4. Ibid., Vreeland notes, box 10, folder 4.

12. The account of Fritz Mannheimer's life and career is based, except where noted, on J. P. B. Jonker, "Mannheimer, Fritz (18901939)," in The account of Fritz Mannheimer's life and career is based, except where noted, on J. P. B. Jonker, "Mannheimer, Fritz (18901939)," in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland, www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/BWN/lemmata/bwn5/mannheimer; the Herkomst Gezocht/Origins Unknown database, www.herkomstgezocht.nl/eng/collecties/content.html; and Venema, Kunsthandel in Nederland Kunsthandel in Nederland.

13. Time Time, Aug. 21, 1939.

14. New York Times New York Times, Aug. 11, 1939.

15. Time Time, Aug. 21, 1939.

16. James, James, Deutsche Bank and the n.a.z.i Economic War Against the Jews Deutsche Bank and the n.a.z.i Economic War Against the Jews, p. 71.

17. Author interview with Johannes Houwink ten Cate. Author interview with Johannes Houwink ten Cate.

18. James, James, End of Globalization End of Globalization, p. 190.

19. Author interview with Ian Locke. Author interview with Ian Locke.

20. Harderode and Pittaway, Harderode and Pittaway, Lost Masters Lost Masters, p. 13.

21. Vogue Vogue, May 1968.

22. Time Time, Aug. 21, 1939.

23. Venema, Venema, Kunsthandel in Nederland Kunsthandel in Nederland, pp. 17276.

24. Ibid.; Meyer to Frank Altschul, Feb. 7, 1940, Altschul Papers. Ibid.; Meyer to Frank Altschul, Feb. 7, 1940, Altschul Papers.

25. Author interview with Mary Murnane. Author interview with Mary Murnane.

26. Testimony of Mrs. Charles Engelhard, June 20, 1975, file no. HO-536, official transcript of proceedings before the Securities and Exchange Commission, in the matter of International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation. Testimony of Mrs. Charles Engelhard, June 20, 1975, file no. HO-536, official transcript of proceedings before the Securities and Exchange Commission, in the matter of International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation.

27. Author interview with Mary Murnane; Jane Mannheimer U.S. immigration records. Author interview with Mary Murnane; Jane Mannheimer U.S. immigration records.

28. "Ein judisches Finanzgenie bei Lichte betrachtet: Feststellungen zum Fall Mannheimer," "Ein judisches Finanzgenie bei Lichte betrachtet: Feststellungen zum Fall Mannheimer," Mitteilungen uber die Judenfrage Mitteilungen uber die Judenfrage, pp. 56; and Juden in Niederlanden Juden in Niederlanden, Sept. 1939, pp. 710.

29. Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, "Art Looting Investigation Unit, Final Report," National Archives, Washington, D.C., provided to the author by Jonathan Petropoulos. Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, "Art Looting Investigation Unit, Final Report," National Archives, Washington, D.C., provided to the author by Jonathan Petropoulos.

30. House and Garden House and Garden, March 1987.

31. Ibid. Ibid.

32. Testimony of Mrs. Charles Engelhard, June 20, 1975. Testimony of Mrs. Charles Engelhard, June 20, 1975.

33. John Jakob Raskob Papers, files 1096 and 1549, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Del.; and John Jakob Raskob Papers, files 1096 and 1549, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Del.; and New York Times New York Times ad for Holbrook, Oct. 20, 1946. ad for Holbrook, Oct. 20, 1946.

34. Kenyon v. Holbrook Microfilming Service, Inc Kenyon v. Holbrook Microfilming Service, Inc., Circuit Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, 155 F.2d 913, June 27, 1946.

35. Raskob Papers, file 416, Horace J. Clement. Raskob Papers, file 416, Horace J. Clement.

36. The account of Fritz Mannheimer's art during World War II is based, except where noted, on Venema, The account of Fritz Mannheimer's art during World War II is based, except where noted, on Venema, Kunsthandel in Nederland Kunsthandel in Nederland. Translated for the author by Gerard Forde.

37. Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, report on Dr. Kai Muhlmann, n.d., National Archives, provided to the author by Jonathan Petropoulos. Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, report on Dr. Kai Muhlmann, n.d., National Archives, provided to the author by Jonathan Petropoulos.

38. Nicholas, Nicholas, Rape of Europa Rape of Europa, pp. 11114.

39. "Mannheimer, the Unknown Collector," "Mannheimer, the Unknown Collector," Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum, Jan. 22, 1974; and Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, Consolidated Interrogation Report No. 4, Dec. 15, 1946, National Archives, provided to the author by Jonathan Petropoulos.

40. Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, Consolidated Interrogation Report No. 4, Dec. 15, 1946; Harclerode and Pittaway, Office of Strategic Services Art Looting Investigation Unit, Consolidated Interrogation Report No. 4, Dec. 15, 1946; Harclerode and Pittaway, Lost Masters Lost Masters, p. 16; and Kajetan Muhlmann, "Report Concerning the Mannheimer Collection," Nov. 18, 1947, National Archives, courtesy Jonathan Petropoulos.

41. "Cultural Property Claims," Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives Section of the Military Government, Record Group 260, claim F132C, filed by Jane Mannheimer, National Archives. "Cultural Property Claims," Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives Section of the Military Government, Record Group 260, claim F132C, filed by Jane Mannheimer, National Archives.

42. Ibid. Ibid.

43. Sire, Sire, Father Martin D'Arcy: Philosopher of Christian Love Father Martin D'Arcy: Philosopher of Christian Love, pp. 14749; and Alexander and Binki, Age of Chivalry Age of Chivalry, pp. 46061.

44. Rousseau to Mrs. Charles W. Engelhard, June 12, 1971, Hoving Papers. Rousseau to Mrs. Charles W. Engelhard, June 12, 1971, Hoving Papers.

45. Handwritten notation on letter from Raoul Desvernine to Ugo Carusi, commissioner, INS, May 3, 1946, INS file C-6882787, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security. Handwritten notation on letter from Raoul Desvernine to Ugo Carusi, commissioner, INS, May 3, 1946, INS file C-6882787, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security.

46. Application for reentry permit, May 19, 1948, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Application for reentry permit, May 19, 1948, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

47. John W. Pehle to Randolph Paul, June 7, 1943, provided to the author by Patrick Hannon. John W. Pehle to Randolph Paul, June 7, 1943, provided to the author by Patrick Hannon.