verticity

, whir, whirl, eddy, vortex, whirlpool, gurge[obs3]; countercurrent; Maelstrom, Charybdis; Ixion.

[rotating air] cyclone; tornado, whirlwind; dust devil.

[rotation of an automobile] spin-out.

axis, axis of rotation, swivel, pivot, pivot point; axle, spindle, pin, hinge, pole, arbor, bobbin, mandrel; axle shaft; gymbal; hub, hub of rotation.

[rotation and translation together] helix, helical motion.

[measure of rotation] angular momentum, angular velocity; revolutions per minute, RPM.

[result of rotation] centrifugal force; surge; vertigo, dizzy round; coriolus force.

[things that go around] carousel, merry-go-round; Ferris wheel; top, dreidel ,teetotum[obs3]; gyroscope; turntable, lazy suzan; screw, whirligig, rolling stone[obs3], water wheel, windmill; wheel, pulley wheel, roulette wheel, potter's wheel, pinwheel, gear; roller; flywheel; jack; caster; centrifuge, ultracentrifuge, bench centrifuge, refrigerated centrifuge, gas centrifuge, microfuge; drill, augur, oil rig; wagon wheel, wheel, tire, tyre[Brit][Brit].

[Science of rotary motion] trochilics[obs3].

[person who rotates] whirling dervish.

V. rotate; roll along; revolve, spin; turn round; circ.u.mvolve[obs3]; circulate; gyre, gyrate, wheel, whirl, pirouette; twirl, trundle, troll, bowl.

roll up, furl; wallow, welter; box the compa.s.s; spin like a top, spin like a teetotum

!.

[of an automobile] spin out.

Adj. rotating &c.v.; rotary, rotary; circ.u.mrotatory[obs3], trochilic[obs3], vertiginous, gyratory; vortical, vorticose[obs3].

Adv. head over heels, round and round, like a horse in a mill.

revolution, evolution. revolution = change = #146--> #313. [Motion in the reverse circle.] Evolution. -- N. evolution, unfolding, development; evolvement; unfoldment; eversion &c. (inversion) 218.

V. evolve; unfold, unroll, unwind, uncoil, untwist, unfurl, untwine, unravel; untangle, disentangle; develop.

Adj. evolving &c. v.; evolved &c. v.

#314. [Reciprocating motion, motion to and fro.] Oscillation. -- N.

oscillation; vibration, libration; motion of a pendulum; nutation; undulation; pulsation; pulse.

alternation; coming and going &c. v.; ebb and flow, flux and reflux, ups and down.

fluctuation; vacillation &c. (irresolution) 605.

wave, vibratiuncle[obs3], swing, beat, shake, wag, seesaw, dance, lurch, dodge; logan[obs3], loggan[obs3], rocking-stone, vibroscope[obs3].

V. oscillate; vibrate, librate[obs3]; alternate, undulate, wave; rock, swing; pulsate, beat; wag, waggle; nod, bob, courtesy, curtsy; tick; play; wamble[obs3], wabble[obs3]; dangle, swag.

fluctuate, dance, curvet, reel, quake; quiver, quaver; shake, flicker; wriggle; roll, toss, pitch; flounder, stagger, totter; move up and down, bob up and down &c. Adv.; pa.s.s and repa.s.s, ebb and flow, come and go; vacillate &c. 605; teeter [U.S.].

brandish, shake, flourish.

Adj. oscillating &c. v.; oscillatory, undulatory, pulsatory[obs3], libratory, rectilinear; vibratory, vibratile[obs3]; pendulous.

Adv. to and fro, up and down, backwards and forwards, hither and yon, seesaw, zigzag, wibble-wabble[obs3], in and out, from side to side, like buckets in a well.

#315. [Irregular motion] Agitation. -- N. agitation, stir, tremor, shake, ripple, jog, jolt, jar, jerk, shock, succussion[obs3], trepidation, quiver, quaver, dance; jact.i.tation

, qua.s.sation

; shuffling 7c. v.; twitter, flicker, flutter.

turbulence, perturbation; commotion, turmoil, disquiet; tumult, tumultuation

; hubbub, rout, bustle, fuss, racket, subsultus[obs3], staggers, megrims, epilepsy, fits; carphology[obs3], ch.o.r.ea, floccillation[obs3], the jerks, St. Vitus's dance, tilmus[obs3].

spasm, throe, throb, palpitation, convulsion.

disturbance, chaos &c. (disorder) 59; restlessness &c.

(changeableness) 149.

ferment, fermentation; ebullition, effervescence, hurly-burly, cahotage[obs3]; tempest, storm, ground swell, heavy sea, whirlpool, vortex &c. 312; whirlwind &c. (wind) 349.

V. be agitated &c.; shake; tremble, tremble like an aspen leaf; quiver, quaver, quake, shiver, twitter, twire[obs3], writhe, toss, shuffle, tumble, stagger, bob, reel, sway, wag, waggle; wriggle, wriggle like an eel; dance, stumble, shamble, flounder, totter, flounce, flop, curvet, prance, cavort [U.S.]; squirm.

throb, pulsate, beat, palpitate, go pitapat; flutter, flitter, flicker, bicker; bustle.

ferment, effervesce, foam; boil, boil over; bubble up; simmer.

toss about, jump about; jump like a parched pea; shake like an aspen leaf; shake to its center, shake to its foundations; be the sport of the winds and waves; reel to and fro like a drunken man; move from post to pillar and from pillar to post, drive from post to pillar and from pillar to post, keep between hawk and buzzard.

agitate, shake, convulse, toss, tumble, bandy, wield, brandish, flap, flourish, whisk, jerk, hitch, jolt; jog, joggle, jostle, buffet, hustle, disturb, stir, shake up, churn, jounce, wallop, whip, vellicate[obs3].

Adj. shaking &c. v.; agitated, tremulous; desultory, subsultory

; saltatoric[obs3]; quasative[obs3]; shambling; giddy-paced, saltatory[obs3], convulsive, unquiet, restless, all of a twitter.

Adv. by fits and starts; subsultorily

&c. adj[obs3].; per saltum[Lat]; hop skip and jump; in convulsions, in fits.

Phr. tempete dans un verre d'eau[Fr].

-- CLa.s.s III WORDS RELATION TO MATTER Section I. MATTER IN GENERAL --

#316. MATERIALITY. -- N. materiality, materialness; corporeity[obs3], corporality[obs3]; substantiality, substantialness, flesh and blood, plenum; physical condition.

matter, body, substance, brute matter, stuff, element, principle, parenchyma[Biol], material, substratum, hyle[obs3], corpus, pabulum; frame.

object, article, thing, something; still life; stocks and stones; materials &c. 635.

[Science of matter] physics; somatology[obs3], somatics; natural philosophy, experimental philosophy; physicism[obs3]; physical science, philosophie positive[Fr], materialism; materialist; physicist; somatism[obs3], somatist[obs3].

Adj. material, bodily; corporeal, corporal; physical; somatic, somatoscopic[obs3]; sensible, tangible, ponderable, palpable, substantial.

objective, impersonal, nonsubjective[obs3], neuter, unspiritual, materialistic.

#317. Immateriality. -- N. immateriality, immaterialness; incorporeity[obs3], spirituality; inextension[obs3]; astral plane.

personality; I, myself, me; ego, spirit &c. (soul) 450; astral body; immaterialism[obs3]; spiritualism, spiritualist.

V. disembody, spiritualize.

Adj. immaterial, immateriate[obs3]; incorporeal, incorporal[obs3]; incorporate, unfleshly[obs3]; supersensible[obs3]; asomatous[obs3], unextended[obs3]; unembodied[obs3], disembodied; extramundane, unearthly; pneumatoscopic[obs3]; spiritual &c. (psychical) 450[obs3].

personal, subjective, non.o.bjective.

#318. World. -- N. world, creation, nature, universe; earth, globe, wide world; cosmos; kosmos[obs3]; terraqueous globe[obs3], sphere; macrocosm, megacosm[obs3]; music of the spheres.

heavens, sky, welkin

, empyrean; starry cope, starry heaven, starry host; firmament; Midgard; supersensible regions[obs3]; varuna; vault of heaven, canopy of heaven; celestial s.p.a.ces.

heavenly bodies, stars, asteroids; nebulae; galaxy, milky way, galactic circle, via lactea[Lat], ame no kawa [j.a.p.].

sun, orb of day, Apollo[obs3], Phoebus; photosphere, chromosphere; solar system; planet, planetoid; comet; satellite, moon, orb of night, Diana, silver-footed queen; aerolite[obs3], meteor; planetary ring; falling star, shooting star; meteorite, uranolite[obs3].

constellation, zodiac, signs of the zodiac, Charles's wain, Big Dipper, Little Dipper, Great Bear, Southern Cross, Orion's belt, Ca.s.siopea's chair, Pleiades.

colures[obs3], equator, ecliptic, orbit.

[Science of heavenly bodies] astronomy; uranography, uranology[obs3]; cosmology, cosmography[obs3], cosmogony; eidouranion[obs3], orrery; geodesy &c. (measurement) 466; star gazing, star gazer[obs3]; astronomer; observatory; planetarium.

Adj. cosmic, cosmical[obs3]; mundane, terrestrial, terrestrious

, terraqueous[obs3], terrene, terreous

, telluric, earthly, geotic[obs3], under the sun; sublunary[obs3], subastral[obs3].

solar, heliacal[obs3]; lunar; celestial, heavenly, sphery[obs3]; starry, stellar; sidereal, sideral[obs3]; astral; nebular; uranic.

Adv. in all creation, on the face of the globe, here below, under the sun.

Phr. die Weltgeschichte ist das Weltergesicht[Ger]; "earth is but the frozen echo of the silent voice of G.o.d" [Hageman]; "green calm below, blue quietness above" [Whittier]; "hanging in a golden chain this pendant World"

[Paradise Lost]; "nothing in nature is unbeautiful" [Tennyson]; "silently as a dream the fabric rose" [Cowper]; "some touch of nature's genial glow"

[Scott]; "this majestical roof fretted with golden fire" [Hamlet]; "through knowledge we behold the World's creation" [Spenser].

#319. Gravity. -- N. gravity, gravitation; weight; heaviness &c. adj.; specific gravity; pondorosity[obs3], pressure, load; burden, burthen[obs3]; ballast, counterpoise; lump of, ma.s.s of, weight of.

lead, millstone, mountain, Ossa on Pelion.

weighing, ponderation[obs3], trutination

; weights; avoirdupois weight, troy weight, apothecaries' weight; grain, scruple, drachma[obs3], ounce, pound, lb, arroba[obs3], load, stone, hundredweight, cwt, ton, long ton, metric ton, quintal, carat, pennyweight, tod[obs3].

[metric weights] gram, centigram, milligram, microgram, kilogram; nanogram, picogram, femtogram, attogram.

[Weighing Instrument] balance, scale, scales, steelyard, beam, weighbridge[obs3]; spring balance, piezoelectric balance, a.n.a.lytical balance, two-pan balance, one-pan balance; postal scale, baby scale.

[Science of gravity] statics.

V. be heavy &c. adj.; gravitate, weigh, press, c.u.mber, load.

[Measure the weight of] weigh, poise.

Adj. weighty; weighing &c. v.; heavy as lead; ponderous, ponderable; lumpish[obs3], lumpy, c.u.mbersome, burdensome; c.u.mbrous, unwieldy, ma.s.sive.

inc.u.mbent, superinc.u.mbent[obs3].

#320. Levity. -- N. levity; lightness &c. adj.; imponderability, buoyancy, volatility.

feather, dust, mote, down, thistle, down, flue, cobweb, gossamer, straw, cork, bubble, balloon; float, buoy; ether, air.

leaven, ferment, barm[obs3], yeast.

lighter-than-air balloon, helium balloon, hydrogen balloon, hot air balloon.

convection, thermal draft, thermal.

V. be light &c. adj.; float, rise, swim, be buoyed up.

render light &c. adj.; lighten, leaven.