_Alcoholic Poisoning_ should be combated by emetics, of which the sulphate of zinc given as above directed, is the best. After that, strong coffee internally, and stimulation by heat externally, should be used.

_Acids_ are sometimes swallowed by mistake. Alkalies, lime water, magnesia, or common chalk mixed with water, may be freely given, and afterward mucilaginous drinks, such as thick gum water or flaxseed tea.

_Alkalies_ are less frequently taken in injurious strength or quant.i.ty, but sometimes children swallow lye by mistake. Common vinegar may be given freely, and then castor or sweet oil in full doses--a tablespoonful at a time, repeated every half hour or two.

_Nitrate of Silver_ when swallowed is neutralized by common table salt freely given in solution in water.

The salts of _mercury_ or _a.r.s.enic_ (often kept as bedbug poison), which are powerful irritants, are apt to be very quickly fatal. Milk or the whites of eggs may be freely given, and afterward a very thin paste of flour is neutralized.

_Phosphorus_ paste, kept for roach poison or in parlor matches, is sometimes eaten by children, and has been wilfully taken for the purpose of suicide. It is a powerful irritant. The first thing to be done is to give freely of magnesia and water; then to give mucilaginous drinks, as flaxseed tea, gum water or sa.s.safras pith and water; and lastly to administer finely-powdered bone-charcoal, either in pill or in mixture with water.

In no case of poisoning should there be any avoidable delay in obtaining the advice of a physician, and, meanwhile, the friends or by-standers should endeavor to find out exactly what has been taken, so that the treatment adopted may be as prompt and effective as possible.

CHAPTER III.

INK DEPARTMENT.

RED INK.--Two ounces Cochineal, bruised; pour over it one quart Boiling Water, let it stand eight hours. Boil two ounces Brazil Wood in one pint of Water, let it stand eight hours and then add the two together.

Dissolve one-half ounce Gum Arabic in one-half pint Hot Water; add all together and let stand four days. Strain and bottle for use.

BLUE INK.--Six parts Persian Blue, one quart Oxalic Acid; triturate with little Water to smoothe paste, add Gum Arabic and the necessary quant.i.ty of Water.

INDELIBLE INK TO MARK LINEN.--One and a half ounces Nitrate of Silver dissolved in six ounces Liquor Ammonia Fortis, one ounce Archill, for coloring; one-half ounce Gum Arabic. Mix.

FOR YELLOW.--Write with Muriate of Antimony; when dry wash with Tincture of Galls.

BLACK.--Write with a Solution of Green Vitriol and wash with Tincture of Galls.

BLUE.--Nitrate of Cobate, wash with Oxalic Acid.

YELLOW.--Subacetate of Lead, wash with Hydrochloric Acid.

GREEN.--a.r.s.enate of Potash, wash with Nitrate of Copper.

PURPLE.--Solution of Gold and Muriate of Tin.

BLACK.--Perchloride of Mercury, the wash is Hydrochloric of Tin.

BLACK INK.--Extract of Logwood one ounce, Bicromate of Potash one-quarter ounce. Pulverize and mix in a quart of soft hot water. This makes a beautiful jet black ink, which will not spoil by freezing.

COPYING INK.--One-half gallon of soft water, one ounce Gum Arabic, one ounce Brown Sugar, one ounce clean Copperas, three ounces powdered Nut Gall. Mix and shake occasionally from 7 to 10 days and strain. The best copying ink made.

BLACK INK.--Sh.e.l.lac four ounces, Borax two ounces, Water one quart; boil till dissolved and add two ounces Gum Arabic, dissolved in a little hot water; boil and add enough of a well triturated mixture of equal parts of Indigo and Lampblack to produce a copper color. After standing several hours draw off and bottle.

GREEN INK.--Dissolve 180 grains Bichromate of Potash in one fluid ounce of Water; add while warm one-half ounce Spirits of Wine, then decompose the mixture with concentrated sulphuric acid until it a.s.sumes a brown color; evaporate this liquid until its quant.i.ty is reduced one-half, dilute it with two ounces distilled water, filter it, add one-half ounce Alcohol, followed by a few drops of strong sulphuric acid; it is now allowed to rest, and after a time it a.s.sumes a beautiful green color. Add a small quant.i.ty Gum Arabic and it is ready for use.

BEAUTIFUL BLUE WRITING FLUID.--Dissolve Basic or Soluble Prussian Blue in pure water. This is the most permanent and beautiful blue ink known.

VIOLET COPYING INK.--For blue violet dissolve in 300 parts of boiling water, Methyl Violet, 5 B, Hofman's Violet, 3 B, or Gentiana Violet, B.

For reddish violet dissolve in a similar quant.i.ty of water Methyl Violet BR. A small quant.i.ty of sugar added to these inks improves their copying qualities. If the writing when dry retains a bronzy appearance, more water must be added.

NEW INVISIBLE INK.--C. Wideman communicates a new method of making an invisible ink to _Die Natur_. To make the writing or drawing appear which has been made upon paper it is sufficient to dip it in water. On drying the traces disappear again, and reappear again at each succeeding immersion. The ink is made by intimately mixing Linseed Oil one part. Water of Ammonia twenty parts, Water 100 parts. The mixture must be agitated each time before the pen is dipped into it, as a little of the oil may separate and float on top, which would, of course, leave an oily stain upon the paper.

BUCHER'S CARMINE INK.--Pure Carmine, twelve grains, Water of Ammonia three ounces, dissolve, then add Powdered Gum eighteen grains. One-half drachm of Powdered Drop Lake may be subst.i.tuted for the Carmine, where expense is an object.

BRILLIANT RED INK.--Brazil Wood two ounces, Muriate of Tin one-half drachm, Gum Arabic one drachm. Boil down in 32 ounces water to one-half, and strain.

WHITE INK.--Mix pure freshly precipitated Barium Sulphate, or "Flake White," with Water containing enough Gum Arabic to prevent the immediate settling of the substance. Starch or Magnesium Carbonate may be used in a similar way. They must be reduced to palpable powders.

INDELIBLE INK FOR MARKING LINEN.--Add Caustic Alkali to a saturated solution of Corpous Chloride until no further precipitate forms; allow the precipitate to settle, draw off the supernatant liquid with a siphon and dissolve the hydrated copper oxide in the smallest quant.i.ty of Ammonia. It may be mixed with about 6 per cent of Gum Dextrine for use.

TO WRITE SECRET LETTERS.--Put five cents' worth Citrate of Pota.s.sa in an ounce vial of clear cold water. This forms an invisible fluid. Let it dissolve and you can use on paper of any color. Use quill pen in writing. When you wish the writing to become visible hold it to red hot stove.

BLACK COPYING INK OR WRITING FLUID.--Take two gallons of Rain Water, and put into it Gum Arabic one-fourth pound, Brown Sugar one pound, clean Copperas one-fourth pound, Powdered Nutgall three-fourths pound; mix, and shake occasionally for ten days, and strain; if needed sooner let it stand in an iron kettle until the strength is obtained. This ink will stand the action of the atmosphere for centuries if required.

TO MAKE RUBBER STAMP INK.--Dissolve Aniline in hot Glycerine, and strain while hot or warm.

COMMERCIAL WRITING INK.--Galls one ounce, Gum one-half ounce, Cloves one-half ounce, Sulphate of Iron, one-half ounce, Water eight ounces.

Digest by frequent shaking till it has sufficient color. This is a good durable ink and will bear diluting.

TRAVELERS' INK.--White Blotting Paper is saturated with Aniline Black, and several sheets are pasted together, so as to form a thick pad. When required for use a small piece is torn off and covered with a little water. The black liquid which dissolves out is a good writing ink. A square inch of paper will produce enough ink to last for a considerable writing, and a few pads would be all that an exploring party need carry with them. As water is always available the ink is readily made. This is a perfectly original and new recipe. Any enterprising man can make a large income out of its manufacture.

INDELIBLE MARKING INK WITHOUT A PREPARATION.--Dissolve separately one ounce of Nitrate of Silver and one and one-half ounces of Sub-Carbonate of Soda (best washing soda) in rain water. Mix the solutions and collect and wash the precipitate in a filter; while still moist rub it up in a marble or hardwood mortar with three drachms of Tartaric Acid, add two ounces of Rain Water, mix six drachms White Sugar and ten drachms powdered Gum Arabic, one-half ounce Archill and Water to make up six ounces in measure. It should be put up in short drachm bottles and sold at twenty-five cents. This is the best ink for marking clothes that has ever been discovered. There is a fortune in this recipe, as a good marking ink is very salable.

INVISIBLE INK.--Sulphuric Acid one quart, Water twenty parts; mix together and write with a quill pen, which writing can be read only after heating it.

HORTICULTURAL INK.--Copper one part, dissolve in Nitric Acid ten parts and add Water ten parts; used to write on zinc or tin labels.

GOLD INK.--Honey and Gold Leaf equal parts, Turpentine until the Gold is reduced to the finest possible state of division, agitate with thirty parts Hot Water and allow it to settle. Decant the Water and repeat the washing several times; finally dry the Gold and mix it with a little Gum Water for use.

SILVER INK.--For silver ink the process is the same as gold, subst.i.tuting Silver Leaf for the Gold leaf.

INDELIBLE INK FOR GLa.s.s OR METAL.--Borax one ounce, Sh.e.l.lac two ounces, Water eighteen fluid ounces; boil in a covered vessel, add of thick Mucilage one ounce; triturate it with Levigated Indigo and Lamp Black q.s. to give it a good color. After two hours' repose decant from the dregs and bottle for use. It may be bronzed after being applied.

Resists moisture, chlorine and gases.

BROWN INK.--A strong decoction of Catechu. The shade may be varied by the cautious addition of a little weak solution of bicromate of potash.

LUMINOUS INK.--Shines in the dark. Phosphorous one-half drachm, Oil Cinnamon one-half ounce; mix in a vial, cork tightly, heat it slowly until mixed. A letter written in this ink can only be read in a dark room, when the writing will have the appearance of a fire.

TICKETING INK FOR GROCERS, ETC.--Dissolve one ounce of Gum Arabic in six ounces of Water and strain; this is the Mucilage; for a _black color_ use Drop Black, powdered and ground with the mucilage to extreme fineness; for _blue_, Ultra-Marine is used in the same manner; for _green_, Emerald Green; for _white_, Flake White; _red_, Vermillion, Lake or Carmine; for _yellow_, Chrome Yellow. When ground too thick they are thinned with a little water. Apply to the cards with a small brush. The cards may be sized with a thin glue, afterward varnished, if it is desired to preserve them.

COMMON INK.--To one gallon boiling Soft Water add three-fourths ounce Extract of Logwood; boil two minutes; remove from the fire and stir in forty-eight grains Bichromate of Potash and eight grains Prussiate of Potash. For ten gallons use six and one-half ounces Logwood Extract, one ounce Bichromate of Potash, and eighty grains Prussiate Potash; strain. Six cents should buy the former and twenty-five cents the latter.

RED INK.--In an ounce phial put one teaspoonful Aqua Ammonia, Gum Arabic size of two or three peas, and six grains No. 40 Carmine. Fill up with soft water and it is soon ready for use.