Micrographs of meat fibers and oil droplets from Palmer, Helen Hanson; Osman, Elizabeth; Campbell, Ada Marie; Bowers, Jane; Drahn, Marcia; Palumbo, Mary; Jacobson, Marion; Charley, Helen G.; Berkeley, Selma; Food Theory and Applications, Food Theory and Applications, 1st edition, copyright 1986. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. 1st edition, copyright 1986. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Micrograph of wheat grain courtesy of Ann Hirsch. Flour micrographs from R.C. Hoseney and P.A. Seib, Structural differences in hard and soft wheats. Bakers Digest Bakers Digest 47 (1973): 2628. Reprinted by permission. 47 (1973): 2628. Reprinted by permission.

Micrographs of gluten from J.E. Bernardin and D.D. Kasarda, The microstructure of wheat protein fibrils. Cereal Chemistry Cereal Chemistry 40(1973): 73545. Reprinted by permission. 40(1973): 73545. Reprinted by permission.

Excerpt from "Ode to Bing Bing" from Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food by Silvano Serventi and Francoise Sabban, translated by Antony Shugaar. Copyright 2002 Columbia University Press. Reprinted with permission of the publisher. by Silvano Serventi and Francoise Sabban, translated by Antony Shugaar. Copyright 2002 Columbia University Press. Reprinted with permission of the publisher.

Excerpt from Moretum, Moretum, translated by E.J. Kenney. Copyright 1984 E.J. Kenney. Reprinted with permission of Gerald Duckworth and Co., Ltd. translated by E.J. Kenney. Copyright 1984 E.J. Kenney. Reprinted with permission of Gerald Duckworth and Co., Ltd.

Micrographs of starch granules from B.S. Miller, R.I. Derby, and H.B. Trimbo, A pictorial explanation for the increase in viscosity of a heated wheat starch-water suspension. Cereal Chemistry Cereal Chemistry 50(1973): 27180. Reprinted by permission. 50(1973): 27180. Reprinted by permission.

Micrograph of oil droplets from C.M. Chang, W.D. Powrie, and O. Fennema, Electron microscopy of mayonnaise. Canadian Inst.i.tute of Food Science and Technology Journal Canadian Inst.i.tute of Food Science and Technology Journal 5 (1972): 13437. Reprinted by permission. 5 (1972): 13437. Reprinted by permission.

Excerpt from Hymn to Ninkasi, English translation by Miguel Civil. http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IS/CIVIL/NN_FAL91/NN_Fal91_hymn.html. Copyright 2002 Oriental Inst.i.tute, University of Chicago. Reprinted courtesy of the Oriental Inst.i.tute of the University of Chicago.

Micrograph of yeast courtesy of Alastain Pringle, Research Director, Anheuser Busch Inc.