A final consonant, when it is not preceded by a single vowel, or when the accent is not on the last syllable, should remain single before an additional syllable: as, toil + ing = tolling; cheat + ed = cheated; murmur + ing = murmuring.

PART II.--THE LATIN ELEMENT.

I.--LATIN PREFIXES.

Prefix. Signification. Example. Definition.

A- a-vert to turn _from_.

ab- = _from_ ab-solve to release _from_.

abs- abs-tain to hold _from_.

AD- ad-here to stick _to_.

a- a-gree to be pleasing _to_.

ac- ac-cede to yield _to_.

af- af-fix to fix _to_.

ag- ag-grieve to give pain _to_.

al- = _to_ al-ly to bind _to_.

an- an-nex to tie _to_.

ap- ap-pend to hang _to_.

ar- ar-rive to reach _to_.

as- as-sent to yield _to_.

NOTE.--The forms AC-, AF-, etc., are euphonic variations of AD-, and follow generally the rule that the final consonant of the prefix a.s.similates to the initial letter of the root.

AM- = _around_ am-putate to cut _around_.

amb- amb-ient going _around_.

ANTE- = _before_ ante-cedent going _before_.

anti- anti-c.i.p.ate to take _before_.

BI- = _two_ or bi-ped a _two_-footed animal.

bis- _twice_ bis-cuit _twice_ cooked.

CIRc.u.m- = _around_ circ.u.m-navigate to sail _around_.

circu- circu-it journey _around_.

CON- con-vene to come _together_.

co- co-equal equal _with_.

co- = _with_ or co-gnate born _together_.

col- _together_ col-loquy a speaking _with_ another.

com- com-pose to put _together_.

cor- cor-relative relative _with_.

NOTE.--The forms CO-, COL-, COM-, and COR-, are euphonic variations of CON-.

CONTRA- contra-dict to speak _against_ contro- = _against_ contro-vert to turn _against_ counter- counter-mand to order _against_

DE- = _down_ or de-pose; to put _down_; _off_ de-fend fend _off_.

DIS- _asunder_ dis-pel to drive _asunder_.

di- = _apart_ di-vert to turn _apart_.

dif- _opposite of_ dif-fer to bear _apart_; disagree.

NOTE.--The forms DI- and DIF- are euphonic forms of DIS-; DIF- is used before a root beginning with a vowel.

EX- ex-clude to shut _out_.

e- = _out_ or e-ject to cast _out_.

ec- _from_ ec-centric _from_ the center.

ef- ef-flux a flowing _out_.

NOTE.--E-, EC-, and EF- are euphonic variations of EX-. When prefixed to the name of an office, EX- denotes that the person formerly held the office named: as, _ex_-mayor, the former mayor.

EXTRA- = _beyond_ extra-ordinary _beyond_ ordinary.

IN- (in nouns and in-clude to shut _in_.

il- verbs) il-luminate to throw light _on_.

im- = _in, into, on_ im-port to carry _in_.

ir- ir-rigate to pour water _on_.

en-, em- en-force to force _on_.

NOTE.--The forms IL-, IM-, and IR- are euphonic variations of IN-. The forms EN- and EM- are of French origin.

IN- (in adjectives in-sane _not_ sane.

i(n) and nouns.) i-gn.o.ble _not_ n.o.ble.

il- = _not_ il-legal _not_ legal.

im- im-mature _not_ mature.

ir- ir-regular _not_ regular.

INTER- = _between_ or inter-cede to go _between_.

intel- _among_ intel-ligent choosing _between_.

INTRA- = _inside of_ intra-mural _inside of_ the walls.

INTRO- = _within, into_ intro-duce to lead _into_

JUXTA- = _near_ juxta-position a placing _near_

NON- = _not_ non-combatant _not_ fighting.

NOTE.--A hyphen is generally, though not always, placed between _non-_ and the root.

OB- ob-ject to throw _against_.

o- _in the way_, o-mit to leave _out_.

oc- = _against_, oc-cur to run _against_; or _out_ hence, to happen.

of- of-fend to strike _against_.