into England in | | 1666. | | Allegri (Gregorio), born about 1580 | | at Rome, died 1652. Many Church | | compositions. The Miserere of the | | Vatican.

| | The present authorized | | Carissimi (Giacomo), born about 1582 English | | at Padua, died about 1673. Many version of | | Ma.s.ses, some of which are for twelve the Bible is | | different voices, and other Church published, and is | | compositions. Improver of the called "King | | Recitative. The first important James's Bible" | | Oratorios and Cantatas in Italy.

(1611). | | | | Kapsberger (Johann Hieronymus), Settlement of | | born about 1575 in Germany, died 1650.

New York, in | | Lived in Italy. Church compositions, North America, | | and Instruction books for playing the by the Dutch | | Lute and the Guitar.

(1614). | | | | Gibbons (Orlando), born 1583 at Emigration of | | Cambridge, died 1625. Many Church the Puritans to | | compositions, Anthems, Madrigals, etc.

New England; | | they found | | New Plymouth | | (1620). | | | | Charles I. succeeds | 1627 | Schutz (Heinrich von), called James I., | | Sagittarius, born 1585 in Germany, King of England, | | died 1672. Many Motetts, Psalms, and after the | | also Operas. In the year 1627 the death of the | | Opera Dafne, by Rinuccini (see above, latter, in 1625. | | date 1580), having been translated Disputes between | | into German by Opitz, and composed King | | anew by Schutz, was performed in Charles I. and | | Dresden as the first German Opera.

his Parliament. | | Civil war begins | | Mazzocchi (Domenico), born about in 1642. Last | | 1590 at Castellana, in Italy.

general a.s.sembly | | Oratorios, Madrigals for five of the Hanseatic | | different voices with instrumental cities of | | accompaniments. Introduced signs of Germany. Lubeck, | | expression in the notation.

Hamburg | | and Bremen | | continue united. | | | | Kepler, Astronomer | 1630 | Mazzocchi (Virgilio), brother of the (1571-1630). | | preceding, born about 1595, died 1646.

| | Many Church compositions. The first Gustavus Adolphus | | development of the melody in the dies on | | present sense.

the battle-field | | at Lutzen | | Doni (Giovanni Battista), born 1593 (1632). | | at Florence, died 1674. Treatises on | | the music of the ancient Greeks and on Wallenstein | | that of his time.

a.s.sa.s.sinated at | | Eyer (1634). | | Jenkins (John), born 1592 in Kent, | | England, died 1678. Virtuoso on the Rubens, Vandyck, | | Viola da Gamba. Many compositions Domenichino, | | for his instrument and also vocal painters (1620). | | music.

| | Ben Jonson, dramatist | | (1620). | | | | Lope de Vega, | | Schein (Johann Hermann), born 1586 Spanish writer | | in Germany, died 1630. Chorales, (1620). | | Madrigals, Secular Songs, etc.

| | Galileo is condemned | | Scheidt (Samuel), born 1587 at by the | | Halle, in Germany, died 1654.

Inquisition of | | Contrapuntist. Many Church Rome as guilty | | compositions as well as pieces for the of heresy for | | Organ and Clavichord.

upholding the | | Copernican | | Mersenne (Marie), born 1588 in system, and | | France, died 1640. Treatises on compelled to | | Harmony, Acoustics, and Musical abjure it (1633). | | History.

| | Richelieu founds | | the French Academy | | (1635). | | | | Death of Cardinal | 1640 | Lawes (Henry), born 1600 in England, Richelieu (1642). | | died 1662. Psalms and Secular | | songs.

Louis XIV. (styled | | _Dieu-donne_), | | King of France | | (1643-1715). | | | | The Pendulum is | | Kircher (Pater Athanasius), born applied to | | 1602 at Fulda, in Germany, died 1680.

clocks by | | Several treatises on music.

Richard Harris | | and the younger | | Galileo | | (1641). | | | | Charles I. beheaded | 1645 | The first Italian Opera in Paris, (1649). | | ordered from Italy by Cardinal | | Mazarin.

Oliver Cromwell, | 1650 | Sabattini (Galeazzo), born about Protector of | | 1610 in Italy. Litanies, Madrigals, the Commonwealth | | and other vocal music.

(1653). | | | | Portugal takes | | Dumont (Henri), born 1610 at Liege, possession of | | Belgium, died 1684. Ma.s.ses and other the Brazils | | Church compositions. Innovation of (1654). | | the employment of instrumental | | accompaniments to the Ma.s.s.

Calderon de la | | Barca, dramatic | | Child (William), born 1608 at poet in | | Bristol, in England, died 1696. Psalms Spain (1601-1687). | | and other sacred vocal music, and | | secular songs.

Dutch and Flemish | | Painters:--Eykens, | | Simpson (Christopher), born about Sachtleven, | | 1610 in England, died about 1670.

Rembrandt, | | Instruction book on the Viola da Douw | | Gamba, on the Theory of Music, etc.

Swanevelt, | | Wouvermann, | | Berghem, Paul | | Potter, etc. | | Hammerschmiedt (Andreas), born Restoration of | | 1611 in Bohemia, died 1675. Many Charles II. | | Ma.s.ses and other sacred compositions.

(1660). | | | | Cesti (Marc-Antonio), born in 1620 Spain takes possession | | at Florence, died 1681. Nine Operas.

of Havannah | | Progress in the development of (1662). | | operatic music.

| | The French, commanded | | Eccles (John), born about 1620 in by | | England. Several Operas, songs, etc.

Turenne, victorious | | upon | | Lock (Matthew), born about 1620 in the Rhine | | England, died 1677. Sacred music and (1663). | | dramatic compositions.

| | Plague in London | | (1665). | | | | Great fire of London | | (1666). | | | | Flourishing state | 1670 | Stradella (Alessandro), born 1645 at of France | | Naples, died 1678. An Oratorio and owing to her | | some Operas.

industry & commerce | | (1670). | | Kerl (Johann Caspar von), born about | | 1625 in Saxony, died about 1690.

The Turks in | | Ma.s.ses and organ compositions.

Hungary invade | | Poland | | Meibom (Marcus), born 1626 in (1670). | | Schleswig, died 1711. Many Treatises | | on the Music of the Ancient Greeks.

| | Death of Moliere | 1672 | LULLI (GIOVANNI BATTISTA), born (1673). | | 1633 at Florence, died 1687 at Paris.

| | Founder of the older French operatic De Ruyter, the | | music. Composed 19 Operas and 26 Dutch Admiral, | | ballets. His first French Opera was dies (1675). | | performed at Paris in the year 1672.

| | William Penn | 1680 | Frohberger (Johann Jacob), born 1637 founds Pennsylvania | | at Halle, Germany, died 1695.

(1681). | | Organist. Many compositions for the | | organ and the clavichord.

Vienna is besieged | | by the | | Buxtehude (Dietrich), born about Turks (1683). | | 1640 in Germany, died 1707. Many | | Organ compositions.

Death of Corneille | | (1684). | | Gasparini (Michael-Angelo), born at | | Lucca, in Italy, during the second The Huguenots | | half of the seventeenth century, died expelled from | | in 1732. Many Operas. Founder of a France (1685). | | School of Singing at Venice.

| | Peter the Great, | | Steffani (Agostino), called Gregoria Czar of Russia | | Piva, born about 1650, at Venice, died (from 1682 to | | 1730. Ma.s.ses and other sacred 1725). | | compositions, Operas, vocal duets.

| | William III., | 1690 | Baj (Tomaso), born about 1650, at Prince of | | Bologna, died 1714. Many sacred Orange, and | | compositions. A Miserere for the Mary (daughter | | Vatican, which is sometimes performed of James I.) his | | instead of that by Allegri.

wife, declared | | King and Queen | | Corelli (Arcangelo), born 1653 at of England | | Fusignano, in Italy, died 1713.

(1688). | | Violinist. Many concertos, etc.

| | Charles XII. King | | Blow (John), born 1648 at of Sweden from | | Nottingham, died 1708. Many anthems, 1697 to 1718. | | psalms, etc.

| | Alsace becomes | | Purcell (Henry), born 1658 in French (1697). | | London, died 1695. About 17 English | | Operas, secular songs, anthems and Death of Racine | | other sacred compositions.

(1699). | | | | Krieger (Adam), born 1646 at Locke, philosopher, | | Nurnberg, died 1725. Operas, etc.

English | | (1632-1704). | | | | Charles XII., | 1700 | SCARLATTI (ALESSANDRO), born 1659 King of Sweden, | | at Trapani, in Sicily, died 1725.

at war | | Composed 115 Operas, 200 Ma.s.ses, with Denmark, | | several Oratorios, many sacred and Poland, and | | secular cantatas, etc. Invention of Russia. He | | the Recitative with orchestral forces the King | | accompaniment; of a greater of Denmark to | | combination of orchestral instruments conclude a | | than hitherto; of the Da-Capo, peace with him, | | or repet.i.tion of the theme; and of and defeats the | | several other essential innovations.

Russians on the | | banks of the | | Desmarets (Henri), born 1662 at Narva (1700). | | Paris, died 1741. About 8 Operas.

| | Queen Anne | | (1702). | | | | Battle of Blenheim, | | Brossard (Sebastien de), born 1660, or Hochstadt, | | probably at Stra.s.sburg, died 1730.

gained by | | Many Ma.s.ses, a Dictionary of Music.

the Duke of | | Brossard's Dictionary, which was Marlborough & | | published in 1703, is generally Prince Eugene | | regarded as the earliest work over the French | | of its kind. Tinctor, and Bavarians | | however, already in the (1704). | | fifteenth century compiled | | a collection of the definitions Gibraltar taken | | of the musical terms in use at his by the English | | time; and Janowka published at Prague (1707). | | a Musical Dictionary in Latin, two Union of England | | years previous to the appearance of and Scotland | | Brossard's work, which is in French.

by Treaty | | (1707). | | f.u.x (Johann Joseph), born 1660 in | | Austria, died about 1732. Composed Peter the Great | | 17 Operas, 26 Ma.s.ses, 3 Requiems, 1 defeats Charles | | Stabat Mater, 10 Oratorios, above 170 XII. at Pultowa | | other sacred compositions; likewise, (1709). | | instrumental pieces, a work on the | | theory of music (Gradus ad | | Parna.s.sum), etc.

| | Herculaneum discovered | 1710 | Gasparini (Francesco), born about (1711). | | 1665 at Lucca, died 1727. Many | | Operas, Cantatas, etc. Teacher in Peace of Utrecht | | counterpoint of Domenico Scarlatti (1713). | | and Marcello.

| | Death of Fenelon | | Lotti (Antonio), born about 1665 at (1715). | | Venice, died 1740. Nineteen Operas, | | many church compositions and Defoe, author of | | madrigals.

'Robinson Crusoe.' | | Vivaldi (Antonio), born about 1670 | | at Venice, died about 1743. Twenty-six Saunderson and | | Operas, violin concertos, and many Brook Taylor, English | | other instrumental pieces.

mathematicians. | | | | Bononcini (Giovanni), born about Prior, Congreve, | | 1672 at Modena, died 1750. Composed and Parnell, | | about 23 Operas. For a time rival of English Poets. | | Handel in London.

| | George, Elector | | Couperin (Francois), born 1668 at of Hanover, | | Paris, died 1733. Organist. Many organ becomes King | | and clavecin (harpsichord) of England, as | | compositions.

George I. | | (1714). | | Keiser (Reinhard), born 1673 at | | Leipzig, died 1739. Many Operas, many | | Oratorios and other sacred Prince Eugene | | compositions, etc. He is said to have defeats the | | composed 116 Operas, partly to German, Turks at | | and partly to Italian words.

Peterwardein in | | Austrian Slavonia | | Pepusch (Johann Christoph), born (1716). | | 1667 at Berlin, died 1732. Cantatas | | and other sacred music.

Prince Eugene | | defeats the | | Leveridge (Richard) born 1670 in Turks at Belgrade | | London, died 1758. Operas and songs.

(1717). | | | | Charles XII., | 1720 | Caldara (Antonio), born 1678 at King of Sweden, | | Venice, died 1763. Sixty-seven Operas, is killed at | | many Ma.s.ses and other sacred the Siege of | | compositions.

Frederickshall, | | in Norway | | Astorga (Emanuale), born 1681 at (1718). | | Palermo, Sicily, died 1736. Several | | Operas, a Requiem and many other | | sacred compositions.

English authors: | | Pope (1688-1744); | | Swift | | Geminiani (Francesco), born 1680 at (1667-1744); | | Lucca, died 1762. Violinist. Many Young (1684-1765); | | compositions for his instrument.

Thomson | | (1700-1748); | | Scarlatti (Domenico), son of Fielding | | Alessandro Scarlatti, born in 1683 at (1707-1754); | | Naples, died about 1760.

Johnson (1713-1784); | | Clavicembalist. Many compositions for Goldsmith | | his instrument.

(1728-1774); | | Sterne | | Rameau (Jean Philippe), born 1683 at (1713-1768); | | Dijon, died 1764. Composed 36 Operas, Hogarth, painter | | many motetts and other sacred vocal (1698-1764). | | compositions, as well as pieces for | | the organ and for the clavecin Death of the | | (harpsichord). Several theoretical Duke of Marlborough, | | works. A new System of Harmony.

born | | Progress in operatic music.

1650 (1722). | | | | Mattheson (Johann), born 1681 at Death of Peter | | Hamburg, died 1764. Seven Operas, 24 the Great | | Oratorios, several other sacred (1725). | | compositions, and a great many works | | on the theory and history of music.

George II., King | | of Great Britain, | | Telemann (Georg Philipp), born 1681 succeeds | | at Magdeburg, in Germany, died 1767.

his father, | | Composed 44 Operas, many Oratorios George I., who | | and other sacred compositions, secular died, aged 68 | | instrumental pieces, etc.

(1727). | | | | Heinichen (Johann David), born Fahrenheit, improver | | 1683 in Saxony, died 1729. Operas, of the | | sacred and secular compositions.

thermometer | | Treatise on the Theory of Music.

(1724). | | | | Reaumur, improver | | of the | | thermometer | | (1731). | | | | The Jesuits are | | Walther (Johann Gottfried), born expelled from | | 1684 at Erfurt, died 1748. Organ China (1724). | | compositions, chorales, and a Musical | | Dictionary.

Isaac Newton | | (1642-1727). | | | | Swift publishes | | About this time, the first his 'Gulliver's | | Pianofortes were constructed by Travels' (1726). | | Christofori, in Italy, and by | | Schroter, in Germany.

| | Pope publishes | 1730 | Marcello (Benedetto), born 1686 at his 'Essay on | | Venice, died 1739. Composed fifty Man' (1729). | | Psalms, several Oratorios, Ma.s.ses, | | etc.

| | Thomson publishes | | Porpora (Nicolo), born 1687 at his 'Seasons' | | Naples, died 1767. Great singing (1730). | | teacher. Composed fifty Operas, many | | Ma.s.ses, etc.

Arbuthnot and Sir | | Hans Sloane, | | Tartini (Giuseppe) born 1692 at English physicians | | Pirano, died 1770. Violinist and (1730). | | composer. Author of a Treatise on | | Harmony.

| | Le Sage, author of | | Leo (Leonardo), born 1694 at Naples, 'Gil Blas' (1730). | | died 1756. Composed forty-eight | | Operas, several Oratorios, Ma.s.ses, and Jonathan Swift, | | other sacred music. He wrote for his Dean of St. | | Operas larger overtures than previous Patrick's, poet | | composers had done.

and miscellaneous | | writer (1730). | | Carey (Henry), born about 1690 in | | England, died 1743. Many songs. He Harrison, an | | is supposed to have composed in the Englishman, | | year 1740 the English national air of constructs | | 'G.o.d save the King.'

a chronometer of | | great precision | | HANDEL (GEORG FRIEDRICH), properly (1735). His | | Handel, born 1685 at Halle, died 1759 fourth chronometer | | in London. Composed fifty-one Operas is used at sea | | (forty-three having Italian words in 1764, and he | | and eight having German words), twenty receives a reward | | English Oratorios, many cantatas, of 20,000. | | motetts, anthems, a Ma.s.s, four Te | | Deums, concertos, instrumental | | compositions for the organ, Frederick III., | | harpsichord, etc.

Elector of | | Brandenburg, and | | The concertos of that period Duke of Prussia, | | consisted of orchestral pieces with or in an a.s.sembly of | | without an organ concertante; or of the states, puts | | violin-quintetts with double-ba.s.s; a crown upon his | | or also of pieces for the own head, and | | harpsichord accompanied upon the head | | by a quartett of stringed of his consort, | | instruments, etc.

and is proclaimed | | King of Prussia, | | by the t.i.tle of | | Frederick | | I. (1701). | | | | During the eighteenth German poets and | | century, most of the German authors:-- | | Opera composers of distinction Elias Schlegel, | | wrote chiefly to Italian words.

Gellert, Hagedorn, | | Every German town in which Rabener, | | a Sovereign resided had an Rammler, Kleist, | | Italian Opera. The German art of Weisse, Burger, | | singing began to flourish Holty, Stollberg, | | only about the year 1760. Even Voss, | | Mozart wrote but two Operas to German Gleim, Jacoby, | | words. The German composers Uz, Gerstenberg, | | (Handel, Gluck, Ha.s.se, Mozart, etc.) Gotter, | | studied dramatic music in Italy.

Claudius, Gessner. | | | | BACH (JOHANN SEBASTIAN), born Frederick William I, | | 1685 at Eisenach, in Germany, died King of Prussia, | | 1750 at Leipzig. Composed several son of | | Oratorios, many Ma.s.ses, a great many Frederick I. | | motetts, cantatas, chorales, etc.; (1713). | | many compositions for the organ, | | clavichord, clavicembalo First attempt of | | (harpsichord), and for the orchestra.

Steam Navigation, | | The first book of his Preludes by Jonathan | | and Fugues for the clavichord, Hulls | | ent.i.tled 'Das Wohltemperirte Clavier,'

(1736). | | dates from the year 1722, and the | | second book from the year 1740. He John Wesley, | | composed the Pa.s.sion according to founder of the | | St. Matthew, about the year 1728; the sect of Methodists | | great Ma.s.s in B minor, about 1734; (1730). | | the Art of Fugue, in the year 1748.

| | | | Stolzel (Gottfried Heinrich), born George Whitfield, | | 1690 in Bohemia, died 1749. Several founder of the | | Operas, Oratorios, Ma.s.ses, and sect of Calvinistic | | Treatises on the Theory and History of Methodists, | | Music.

preaches in | | London in the | | open air (1738). | | | | The Methodist | | Society is fully | | established | | Pergolesi (Giovanni Battista), born (1740). | | 1710 at Jesi, died 1736. Composed 7 | | Operas, a Stabat Mater, several Italian Painters of | 1740 | Ma.s.ses, offertories, etc.

this period:--Rotari, | | Casanova, | | Durante (Francesco), born 1693 at Landi, | | Naples, died 1755. Composed Ma.s.ses Gra.s.si, Appiani, | | and other sacred music, secular Bossi, Sabatelli, | | madrigals, pieces for the Ermini, Alvarez, | | clavicembalo, etc.

Camoccini, | | etc. | | Durante, was with Leo, the founder | | of the famous Neapolitan School.

| | Frederick II., | | Feo (Francesco), born 1699 at King of Prussia | | Naples. Operas, Oratorios, Ma.s.ses, (from 1740 until | | Psalms. Feo is especially remarkable 1786). | | for being regarded as the master whom | | Gluck particularly admired and First Silesian | | studied.

war (1740-1742). | | | | Greene (Maurice), born 1698 in | | London, died 1755. Many sacred Second Silesian | | compositions and some English Operas.

war (1744-1745). | | | | Maria-Theresa, | | Quanz (Johann Joachim), born 1697 at Empress of | | Hanover, died 1773. Flute-player, and Germany, | | teacher of Frederick II. of Prussia.

Queen of Hungary | | Many compositions, and an instruction and Bohemia | | book for the Flute.

(1740). | | | | Graun (Carl Heinrich), born 1701 in Francis I., Duke | | Saxony, died 1759. Composed 30 Operas, of Lorraine, | | several Oratorios, Ma.s.ses, cantatas, marries | | etc.

Maria-Theresa, and is | | elected Emperor | | Ha.s.se (Johann Adolf), born 1699 at of Germany | | Hamburg, died 1783. Composed 52 (1745). | | Operas, 11 Oratorios, several Ma.s.ses, | | a Requiem, 4 Te Deums, various other During the reign | | sacred compositions, symphonies, of Frederick II. | | sonatas for the clavichord, concertos, or 'Frederick | | etc.

the Great,' the | | Prussian monarchy | | Galuppi (Balda.s.saro), born 1703 at is made | | Venice, died 1785. Composed 55 to rank among | | Operas, several Ma.s.ses, motetts, and the first powers | | other sacred music.

in Europe. | | | | Sammartini (Giovanni Battista), born Battle of Dettingen | | about 1700 at Milan, died 1775. Many gained | | Ma.s.ses and other Church music, many by George II. | | symphonies, quartetts, trios, and over the | | other instrumental compositions of French (1743). | | every kind. Sammartini wrote about | | 2,800 works, and his style is The electric | | considered as being the precursor of shock is discovered | | that of Joseph Haydn.