Mammals from Tamaulipas, Mexico.

by Rollin H. Baker.

Forming the northeastern border of Mexico, Tamaulipas extends in an elongated, north-south direction from the Temperate into the Torrid Zone and contains faunal elements from both the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. The mammals are less known than those from some of the bordering states; for the most part collecting has been limited to a few localities, chiefly along the Pan-American Highway. Accordingly, as a step towards a long-range study of the mammals of Tamaulipas, the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas acquired from William J. Schaldach, Jr., a small, but significant, collection of mammals taken in the last month of 1949 and the first four months of 1950.

Collections were made at several places in the vicinity of Ciudad Victoria, including localities along the humid, eastern face of the Sierra Madre Oriental. Many of these specimens were obtained near camps made west of the village of El Carrizo. This small community is on the Pan-American highway, 70 kilometers (by highway) south of Ciudad Victoria. The resulting collections, which are reported upon here, disclose that several tropical mammals range farther northward than previously reported. Funds for financing the field work were made available by a grant from the Kansas University Endowment a.s.sociation.

ACCOUNTS OF SPECIES

~Didelphis mesamericana mesamericana~ Oken

Central American Opossum

_Did[elphys] mes-americana_ Oken, Lehrbuch d. Naturgesch., pt. 3, vol. 2:1152, 1816. (Type from Northern Mexico.)

_Didelphis mes-americana_ Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.

Hist., 16:256, August 18, 1902.

_Specimens examined_, 2 as follows: 36 km. N and 10 km. W Ciudad Victoria, 1 km. E El Barretal, on Rio Purificacion, 1; 12 km. N and 4 km. W Ciudad Victoria, 1.

~Philander opossum pallidus~ (Allen)

Four-eyed Opossum

_Metachirus fuscogriseus pallidus_ Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus.

Nat. Hist., 14:215, July 3, 1901. (Type from Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.)

_Philander opossum pallidus_ Dalquest, Occ. Papers Mus.

Zool., Louisiana State Univ., No. 23:2, July 10, 1950.

_Specimens examined_, 3 from 70 km. [by highway] S Ciudad Victoria and 2 km. W El Carrizo.

_Remarks._--These three specimens have proportionately longer tails than typical _P. o. pallidus_ from central Veracruz; total length and length of tail of two adult males are 575, 295, and 568, 290 respectively.

This marsupial has been previously unrecorded from Tamaulipas or from so northward a locality. The four-eyed opossum evidently ranges northward along the east face of the Sierra Madre Oriental within the humid division of the Upper Tropical Life-zone. These animals, all males, were taken in steel traps baited with the bodies of skinned mice or birds. Sets were made along well-used trails leading from a densely vegetated arroyo into a corn field through openings in a fence of roughly piled logs. The elevation of this locality is approximately 2500 feet.

~Desmodus rotundus murinus~ Wagner

Vampire Bat

_D[esmodus] murinus_ Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl., 1:377, 1840. (Type from Mexico.)

_Desmodus rotundus murinus_ Osgood, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., publ. 155, zool. ser., 10:63, January 10, 1912.

_Specimens examined_, 9 as follows: 12 km. W and 8 km. N Ciudad Victoria, 2500 ft., 3; 70 km. [by highway] S Ciudad Victoria and 6 km. W of the [Pan-American] highway [at El Carrizo], 6.

_Remarks._--Vampire bats were taken at two caves. At the cave called "Los Troncones", 12 kilometers west and 8 kilometers north of Ciudad Victoria, seven bats were shot down; three were saved. The second cave, south of Ciudad Victoria, was considerably damper than the first.

Vampires were found in a small side chamber; nine bats were knocked down. No other kinds of bats were present in either cave.

~Sylvilagus florida.n.u.s connectens~ (Nelson)

Florida Cottontail

_Lepus florida.n.u.s connectens_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc.

Washington, 17:105, May 18, 1904. (Type from Chichicaxtle, Veracruz, Mexico.)

_Sylvilagus florida.n.u.s connectens_ Lyon and Osgood, Catal.

Type spec. Mamm. U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull. 62:32, January 28, 1909.

_Specimens examined_, 2 from 70 km. [by highway] S. Ciudad Victoria and 2 km. W El Carrizo.

~Sciurus aureogaster aureogaster~ F. Cuvier

Red-bellied Squirrel

[_Sciurus_, by implication] _aureogaster_ F. Cuvier, Hist.

nat. mammiferes, vol. 6, livr. 59, pl. with text, September, 1829. Binomial published at end of work only, vol. 7, tabl.

generale et methodique, p. 4, 1842. (Type from "California"

= eastern Mexico.)

_Specimens examined_, 13 as follows: 43 km. S Ciudad Victoria, 1; 70 km. [by highway] S Ciudad Victoria, and 6 km. W of [Pan-American] highway [at El Carrizo], 3; 70 km.

[by hwy.] S Victoria and 2 km. W El Carrizo, 9.

_Remarks._--These colorful squirrels were taken in thick timber and brush, and locally are referred to as "ardilla pinta" or "ardilla colorada." One female obtained on January 22 is black. Local hunters state that these squirrels are most active early in the morning and late in the afternoon. Two squirrels were seen in copulation on January 19.

~Sciurus negligens~ Nelson

Little Gray Squirrel

_Sciurus negligens_ Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:147, June 3, 1898. (Type from Alta Mira, Tamaulipas, Mexico.)

_Specimens examined_, 17 as follows: 70 km. [by highway] S of Ciudad Victoria and 6 km. W of the [Pan-American] highway [at El Carrizo], 5; 70 km. [by highway] S Ciudad Victoria and 2 km. W El Carrizo, 12.

_Remarks._--Referred to as "ardilla chica" locally, these squirrels were most frequently seen in the dense forest of the lower, elevations.

Active both in trees and on the ground, these animals were reported as being destructive to corn crops. Females taken in January were lactating.

~Heterogeomys hispidus concavus~ Nelson and Goldman