190 with the Democrats: CW, 2:333.

190 "radicals and all": Herndon later claimed that he had "forged" Lincoln's name, without his consent. For an examination of the evidence, see Donald, Lincoln's Herndon, pp. 8688.

191 "kinder" needed them: Whitney, Life on the Circuit, p. 92.

191 were former Whigs: Gienapp, Origins of the Republican Party, pp. 294295. Hoffmann was found to be ineligible, and a subst.i.tute was named.

191 what he said: In the September 1896 issue of McClure's Magazine, Whitney published what purported to be the text of this speech. Nearly all Lincoln scholars question its authenticity. See Paul M. Angle's introduction to Whitney, Life on the Circuit, pp. 2425.

191 "of the hour": Herndon's Lincoln, 2:384.

192 "one and inseparable": CW, 2:341.

192 tall that day: Herndon's Lincoln, 2:384. There are strong reasons for doubting Herndon's story that, shortly after the Bloomington convention, only three persons attended a Republican ratification meeting in Springfield. Donald, Lincoln's Herndon, pp. 9091.

192 "foreigners, within bounds": Turner, Mary Todd Lincoln, p. 46.

192 "may think Wrong": CW, 2:342343.

193 the Western states: Nathaniel G. Wilc.o.x to AL, June 6, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC; Jesse W. Weik, "Lincoln's Vote for Vice-President in the Philadelphia Convention of 1856," Century Magazine 76 (June 1908): 186189.

193 "John C. Fremont": Charles W. Johnson, Proceedings of the First Three Republican National Conventions of 1856, 1860 and 1864 (Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), pp. 6162.

193 to Lincoln's 110: Ibid., pp. 6364. On the formal ballot, after Lincoln received 20 votes from Connecticut, New York, and Pennsylvania, Palmer withdrew his name in favor of Dayton. Ibid., pp. 6566.

193 "reckon it's him": Whitney, Life on the Circuit, p. 96.

193 "for the state": CW, 11.11.

193 "in his speech": M. P. McKinley to AL, July 22, 1856, HWC.

194 "with Henry Clay's": CW, 2:380.

194 "world-renowned commander": CW, 2:379.

194 "and his gang": CW, 2:358.

194 as form letters: CW, 2:374375.

194 "eloquence and power": CW, 2:349, 375.

194 "in the extreme": CW, 2:359.

194 "tolerably well satisfied": CW, 2:360.

194 "he has us": CW, 2:358.

CHAPTER EIGHT: A HOUSE DIVIDED