Austria-Hungary.

France.

Germany.

Great Britain.

Italy.

Russia.

Smaller States are:

Bulgaria.

Denmark.

Greece.

Holland.

Montenegro.

Norway.

Portugal.

Roumania.

Servia.

Spain.

Sweden.

Turkey.

Very small, but nevertheless full-Sovereign, States are:

Monaco and Lichtenstein.

Neutralised States are:

Switzerland, Belgium, and Luxemburg.

Half-Sovereign States are:

Andorra (under the protectorate of France and Spain).

San Marino (under the protectorate of Italy).

Crete (under the suzerainty of Turkey).

Part-Sovereign States are:

(_a_) Member-States of Germany:

Kingdoms: Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Wurtemberg.

Grand-Duchies: Baden, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Oldenburg.

Dukedoms: Anhalt, Brunswick, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen, Saxe-Weimar.

Princ.i.p.alities: Reuss Elder Line, Reuss Younger Line, Lippe, Schaumburg-Lippe, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Waldeck.

Free Towns are: Bremen, Lubeck, Hamburg.

(_b_) Member-States of Switzerland:

Zurich, Berne, Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden (ob und nid dem Wald), Glarus, Zug, Fribourg, Soleure, Basle (Stadt und Landschaft), Schaffhausen, Appenzell (beider Rhoden), St. Gall, Grisons, Aargau, Thurgau, Tessin, Vaud, Valais, Neuchatel, Geneva.

[Sidenote: American States.]

-- 109. In America there are twenty-one States which are members of the Family of Nations, but it must be emphasised that the member-States of the five Federal States on the American continent, although they are part-Sovereign, have no footing within the Family of Nations, because the American Federal States, in contradistinction to Switzerland and Germany, absorb all possible international relations of their member-States.

In North America there are:

The United States of America.

The United States of Mexico.

In Central America there are:

Costa Rica.

Cuba.

San Domingo.

Guatemala.

Hayti.

Honduras.

Nicaragua.

Panama (since 1903).

San Salvador.

In South America there are:

The United States of Argentina.

Bolivia.

The United States of Brazil.

Chili.

Colombia.

Ecuador.

Paraguay.

Peru.

Uruguay.

The United States of Venezuela.

[Sidenote: African States.]

-- 110. In Africa the Negro Republic of Liberia is the only real and full member of the Family of Nations. Egypt and Tunis are half-Sovereign, the one under Turkish suzerainty, the other under French protectorate.

Morocco and Abyssinia are both full-Sovereign States, but for some parts only within the Family of Nations. The Soudan has an exceptional position; being under the _condominium_ of Great Britain and Egypt, a footing of its own within the Family of Nations the Soudan certainly has not.

[Sidenote: Asiatic States.]

-- 111. In Asia only j.a.pan is a full and real member of the Family of Nations. Persia, China, Siam, Tibet, and Afghanistan are for some parts only within that family.