5 Some 32 percent recalled telling anti-n.a.z.i jokes: Ibid., 357. Some 32 percent recalled telling anti-n.a.z.i jokes: Ibid., 357.

6 "whisper almost inaudibly": 277. Martha does not refer to Mildred by name in this pa.s.sage-in fact she never does so in her memoir, for fear of exposing Mildred and her nascent resistance group to danger-but many of Martha's references in "whisper almost inaudibly": 277. Martha does not refer to Mildred by name in this pa.s.sage-in fact she never does so in her memoir, for fear of exposing Mildred and her nascent resistance group to danger-but many of Martha's references in Through Emba.s.sy Eyes Through Emba.s.sy Eyes, when triangulated with other material from her papers in the Library of Congress, clearly are to Mildred. Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 277.

7 One day he invited her to his office: Ibid., 53. One day he invited her to his office: Ibid., 53.

8 "a sinister smile crossed his lips": Ibid., 55. "a sinister smile crossed his lips": Ibid., 55.

9 He filled a cardboard box with cotton: Ibid., 55. He filled a cardboard box with cotton: Ibid., 55.

10 "the German glance": Evans, "the German glance": Evans, Power Power, 105; Grunberger, 338.

11 Whenever he appeared: Dodd, Whenever he appeared: Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 56, 145, 147, 274, 278.

Also, see "Bright Journey into Darkness," Box 14, Martha Dodd Papers.

12 "There is no way on earth": Dodd, "There is no way on earth": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 277.

13 "As time went on, and the horror increased": Ibid., 368. "As time went on, and the horror increased": Ibid., 368.

14 rudimentary codes: Ibid., 276. rudimentary codes: Ibid., 276.

15 Her friend Mildred used a code for letters home: Brysac, 130. Her friend Mildred used a code for letters home: Brysac, 130.

Another example: In Beyond Tears Beyond Tears, Irmgard Litten writes of the tribulations of her son, Hans, at the hands of the Gestapo, and tells how she deployed a code in which "the first letter of the fourth word of each sentence would serve as a key to the message." Litten, 60.

16 "It seems absolutely unbelievable": Peter Olden to Dodd, Jan. 30, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers. "It seems absolutely unbelievable": Peter Olden to Dodd, Jan. 30, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers.

17 "to find out the contents of confidential reports": Raymond Geist to Hull, March 8, 1934, 125.1953/655, State/Decimal. "to find out the contents of confidential reports": Raymond Geist to Hull, March 8, 1934, 125.1953/655, State/Decimal.

18 "I shall be walking at 11:30": Dodd, "I shall be walking at 11:30": Dodd, Diary Diary, 63.

19 "Could we meet tomorrow morning": Sir Eric Phipps to Dodd, May 25, 1935, Box 47, W. E. Dodd Papers. "Could we meet tomorrow morning": Sir Eric Phipps to Dodd, May 25, 1935, Box 47, W. E. Dodd Papers.

20 Despite the toll: Nonetheless, Messersmith claimed in his unpublished memoir that "on two occasions I was almost run over by a Gestapo car or an SS or SA car." Both incidents occurred as he tried crossing the street to the Esplanade Hotel; both involved powerful cars speeding from a narrow alley. He believed the drivers had been waiting for him. Messersmith, "Additional paragraph to memorandum on attempts on my life," unpublished memoir, Messersmith Papers. Despite the toll: Nonetheless, Messersmith claimed in his unpublished memoir that "on two occasions I was almost run over by a Gestapo car or an SS or SA car." Both incidents occurred as he tried crossing the street to the Esplanade Hotel; both involved powerful cars speeding from a narrow alley. He believed the drivers had been waiting for him. Messersmith, "Additional paragraph to memorandum on attempts on my life," unpublished memoir, Messersmith Papers.

21 "If I had been with people who had been brave": Dodd, "If I had been with people who had been brave": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 54.

22 "bordered on the hysterical": Ibid., 54. "bordered on the hysterical": Ibid., 54.

13 "I often felt such terror": Ibid., 54. "I often felt such terror": Ibid., 54.

Chapter 32: Storm Warning.

1 "more living s.p.a.ce for our surplus population": Kershaw, "more living s.p.a.ce for our surplus population": Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 5045; Gallo, 8182.

2 "That was a new Versailles Treaty": Gallo, 83. "That was a new Versailles Treaty": Gallo, 83.

3 "We'll have to let the thing ripen": Kershaw, "We'll have to let the thing ripen": Kershaw, Hubris Hubris, 505. Kershaw quotes Rohm as also saying, "What the ridiculous corporal declared doesn't apply to us. Hitler has no loyalty and has at least to be sent on leave. If not with, then we'll manage the thing without Hitler." Also see Gallo, 83, for a slightly different translation.

Chapter 33: "Memorandum of a Conversation with Hitler".

1 "I stated that I was sorry": Hull, Memorandum, Feb. 29, 1934, State/Foreign. For a full account of the mock trial, see Anthes. "I stated that I was sorry": Hull, Memorandum, Feb. 29, 1934, State/Foreign. For a full account of the mock trial, see Anthes.

On May 17, 1934, a counter-rally took place in Madison Square Garden that drew twenty thousand "n.a.z.i friends," as the New York Times New York Times put it in a front-page story the next day. The meeting was organized by a group called Friends of the New Germany, with the stated purpose of opposing "the unconst.i.tutional Jewish boycott" of Germany. put it in a front-page story the next day. The meeting was organized by a group called Friends of the New Germany, with the stated purpose of opposing "the unconst.i.tutional Jewish boycott" of Germany.

2 "do something to prevent this trial": John Hickerson, Memorandum, March 1, 1934, State/Foreign. "do something to prevent this trial": John Hickerson, Memorandum, March 1, 1934, State/Foreign.

3 "that if the circ.u.mstances were reversed": Ibid. "that if the circ.u.mstances were reversed": Ibid.

4 "I replied," Hickerson wrote: Ibid. "I replied," Hickerson wrote: Ibid.

5 the speakers "were not in the slightest": Hull, Memorandum, March 2, 1934, State/Foreign. the speakers "were not in the slightest": Hull, Memorandum, March 2, 1934, State/Foreign.

6 "noticed and resented": Dodd, "noticed and resented": Dodd, Diary Diary, 86.

7 "malicious demonstration": Memorandum, "The German Foreign Office to the American Emba.s.sy," enclosed with Dodd to Hull, March 8, 1934, State/Foreign. "malicious demonstration": Memorandum, "The German Foreign Office to the American Emba.s.sy," enclosed with Dodd to Hull, March 8, 1934, State/Foreign.

8 "n.o.body could suppress a private or public meeting": Dodd, "n.o.body could suppress a private or public meeting": Dodd, Diary Diary, 87.

9 "I reminded the Minister": Dodd to Hull, March 6, 1934, State/Foreign. "I reminded the Minister": Dodd to Hull, March 6, 1934, State/Foreign.

10 "an extraordinary impression": Ibid. "an extraordinary impression": Ibid.

11 "that nothing which was to be said": William Phillips, Memorandum, March 7, 1934, State/Foreign. "that nothing which was to be said": William Phillips, Memorandum, March 7, 1934, State/Foreign.

12 Here too Phillips demurred: Ibid. Here too Phillips demurred: Ibid.

13 "take the matter under consideration": Ibid. "take the matter under consideration": Ibid.

14 The trial took place as planned: The trial took place as planned: New York Times New York Times, March 8, 1934.

15 "We declare that the Hitler government": Ibid. "We declare that the Hitler government": Ibid.

16 "no comment other than to re-emphasize": Hull to Dodd, March 8, 1934, State/Foreign. "no comment other than to re-emphasize": Hull to Dodd, March 8, 1934, State/Foreign.

17 First Dodd asked Hitler: My account of Dodd's meeting with Hitler draws its details mainly from Dodd's First Dodd asked Hitler: My account of Dodd's meeting with Hitler draws its details mainly from Dodd's Diary Diary, pages 8891, and his six-page "Memorandum of a Conversation with Chancellor Hitler," Box 59, W. E. Dodd Papers.

18 On March 12 an official: Dodd to Roosevelt, Aug. 15, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers; Dallek, 227. On March 12 an official: Dodd to Roosevelt, Aug. 15, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers; Dallek, 227.

19 "Dodd made no impression": Hanfstaengl, 214. "Dodd made no impression": Hanfstaengl, 214.

20 "Amba.s.sador Dodd, quite without instruction": Moffat, Diary, March 7, 1934. "Amba.s.sador Dodd, quite without instruction": Moffat, Diary, March 7, 1934.

21 "I do not think it a disgrace": Dodd, "I do not think it a disgrace": Dodd, Diary Diary, 92.

22 "such offensive and insulting acts": Hull, Memorandum, March 13, 1934, State/Foreign. "such offensive and insulting acts": Hull, Memorandum, March 13, 1934, State/Foreign.

23 "I stated further that I trusted": Ibid. "I stated further that I trusted": Ibid.

24 "was not feeling as cool as the snow": Hull, Memorandum, March 23, 1934, State/Foreign. This is one of the few official memoranda from these early days of America's relationship with n.a.z.i Germany that makes one want to stand up and cheer-cheer, that is, in a manner as understated and oblique as Hull's prose. Alas, it was only a brief matchbook flare on behalf of liberty. "was not feeling as cool as the snow": Hull, Memorandum, March 23, 1934, State/Foreign. This is one of the few official memoranda from these early days of America's relationship with n.a.z.i Germany that makes one want to stand up and cheer-cheer, that is, in a manner as understated and oblique as Hull's prose. Alas, it was only a brief matchbook flare on behalf of liberty.

Undersecretary William Phillips was present for this meeting and was startled by the "violent language" Luther unleashed. "The Secretary," Phillips wrote in his diary, "was very calm and caustic in his replies and I am not sure that Doctor Luther got the underlying tone of coolness." Phillips added that if it had been up to him he would have told Luther to leave and come back "after he had cooled down." Phillips, Diary, March 23, 1934.

25 "tone of asperity": Hull to John Campbell White, March 30, 1934, State/Foreign. "tone of asperity": Hull to John Campbell White, March 30, 1934, State/Foreign.

26 "to communicate to the Government of the German Reich": Quoted in Spear, 216. "to communicate to the Government of the German Reich": Quoted in Spear, 216.

27 "in an embarra.s.sing position": R. Walton Moore, Memorandum, Jan. 19, 1934, State/Foreign. "in an embarra.s.sing position": R. Walton Moore, Memorandum, Jan. 19, 1934, State/Foreign.

28 "exerted his influence": Spear, 216. "exerted his influence": Spear, 216.

Chapter 34: Diels, Afraid.

1 "on all sides of the fence at once": Metcalfe, 201. "on all sides of the fence at once": Metcalfe, 201.

2 "We didn't take too seriously what he said": Dodd, "We didn't take too seriously what he said": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 134.

3 "You are sick?": Diels, 283. Also quoted in Metcalfe, 236. "You are sick?": Diels, 283. Also quoted in Metcalfe, 236.

4 Once again Diels left the country: Metcalfe, 237; Dodd, Once again Diels left the country: Metcalfe, 237; Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 134.

5 "a pathetic pa.s.sive-looking creature": Dodd, "a pathetic pa.s.sive-looking creature": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 134.

6 "I was young and reckless enough": Ibid., 136. "I was young and reckless enough": Ibid., 136.

7 "like a frightened rabbit": Ibid., 135. "like a frightened rabbit": Ibid., 135.

8 "In some ways the danger": Ibid., 13536. "In some ways the danger": Ibid., 13536.

Chapter 35: Confronting the Club.

1 "on a short leave": "on a short leave": New York Times New York Times, March 24, 1934; Dodd to "family," April 5, 1934, Box 61, W. E. Dodd Papers.

2 "handsome limousine": Dodd, "handsome limousine": Dodd, Diary Diary, 93.

3 "duty, readiness for sacrifice": Hitler to Roosevelt, reproduced in Hull to John Campbell White, March 28, 1934, State/Foreign. "duty, readiness for sacrifice": Hitler to Roosevelt, reproduced in Hull to John Campbell White, March 28, 1934, State/Foreign.

4 "strange message": Phillips, Diary, March 27, 1934. "strange message": Phillips, Diary, March 27, 1934.

5 "to prevent our falling into the Hitler trap": Moffat, Diary, March 2425, 1934. "to prevent our falling into the Hitler trap": Moffat, Diary, March 2425, 1934.

6 "who have freely and gladly made heroic efforts": Roosevelt to Hitler, reproduced in Hull to John Campbell White, March 28, 1934, State/Foreign. "who have freely and gladly made heroic efforts": Roosevelt to Hitler, reproduced in Hull to John Campbell White, March 28, 1934, State/Foreign.

7 "We sought to sidestep the impression": Phillips, Diary, March 27, 1934. "We sought to sidestep the impression": Phillips, Diary, March 27, 1934.

8 "there might easily be a little civil war": Dodd to Mrs. Dodd, March 28, 1934, Box 44, W. E. Dodd Papers. "there might easily be a little civil war": Dodd to Mrs. Dodd, March 28, 1934, Box 44, W. E. Dodd Papers.

9 "to quiet things if possible": Ibid. Also, see Dodd, "to quiet things if possible": Ibid. Also, see Dodd, Diary Diary, 95; Dallek, 228.

10 "Louis XIV and Victoria style": Dodd, "Louis XIV and Victoria style": Dodd, Diary Diary, 94; Dallek, 231.

11 "house with a hundred rooms": It was this mansion that became the new location of the Cosmos Club, after Welles sold it to the club in 1953. Gellman, 1067, 395. "house with a hundred rooms": It was this mansion that became the new location of the Cosmos Club, after Welles sold it to the club in 1953. Gellman, 1067, 395.

12 Indeed, his lecture: R. Walton Moore to Dodd, May 23, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers. Indeed, his lecture: R. Walton Moore to Dodd, May 23, 1934, Box 45, W. E. Dodd Papers.

Moore compliments Dodd on his presentation to the group, known as the Personnel Board, but adds, with a good deal of understatement, "I am not at all certain that some of the members of the Board were pleased to hear it."

13 had begun to express real hostility: For example, see Moffat, Diary, Dec. 16, 1933; Phillips, Diary, June 25, 1934. had begun to express real hostility: For example, see Moffat, Diary, Dec. 16, 1933; Phillips, Diary, June 25, 1934.

14 "He is...by no means a clear thinker.": Moffat, Diary, March 17, 1934. "He is...by no means a clear thinker.": Moffat, Diary, March 17, 1934.

15 "Their chief protector": Dodd to Mrs. Dodd, March 28, 1934, Box 44, W. E. Dodd Papers. "Their chief protector": Dodd to Mrs. Dodd, March 28, 1934, Box 44, W. E. Dodd Papers.

Chapter 36: Saving Diels.

1 "obviously in a greatly perturbed situation": Messersmith, "Goering," unpublished memoir, 38, Messersmith Papers. "obviously in a greatly perturbed situation": Messersmith, "Goering," unpublished memoir, 38, Messersmith Papers.

2 A photograph of the moment: This photograph is one of many in a unique exhibit in Berlin that tracks the growth of the Gestapo and of n.a.z.i terror in a block-long outdoor, and partly subterranean, display erected along the excavated wall of what once was the bas.e.m.e.nt and so-called house prison of Gestapo headquarters. Certain locations in the world seem to concentrate darkness: the same wall once served as the foundation for a segment of the Berlin Wall. A photograph of the moment: This photograph is one of many in a unique exhibit in Berlin that tracks the growth of the Gestapo and of n.a.z.i terror in a block-long outdoor, and partly subterranean, display erected along the excavated wall of what once was the bas.e.m.e.nt and so-called house prison of Gestapo headquarters. Certain locations in the world seem to concentrate darkness: the same wall once served as the foundation for a segment of the Berlin Wall.