Views of the War Abroad.

England's Hostility.

Causes.

The Trent Affair.

Seward's Reasoning.

Great Britain's Breach of Neutrality.

Louis Napoleon's Hypocrisy.

Invasion of Mexico.

Maximilian.

War Expenditure.

How Met.

Duties.

Internal Revenue.

Loans.

Bonds.

Treasury Notes.

Treasurer's Report, July 1, 1865.

Errors of War Financiering.

Confederate Finances.

High Prices at South.

Problem of the Slave in Union Lines.

"Contraband of War."

Rendition by United States Officers.

Arguments for Emanc.i.p.ation.

Congressional Legislation.

Abolition in District of Columbia.

Negro Soldiers.

Preliminary Proclamation.

Final Effects.

Mr. Lincoln's Difficulties.

Republican Opposition.

Abolitionist.

Democratic.

Copperhead.

Yet he is Re-elected.

CHAPTER XI. RECONSTRUCTION

Delicacy of the Task.

Reasons.

The Main Const.i.tutional Question.

Different Views.

The Other Questions.

Answer.

Periods of Reconstruction.

During War.

President Lincoln.

Johnson.

His Policy.

Carried Out.

Congress Rips up his Work.

Why.

South's Att.i.tude just after War.

Toward Negroes.

XIVth Amendment.

Rejected by Southern States.

Iron Law of 1867.

Carried through.

Antagonism between President Johnson and Congress.

Attempt to Impeach Johnson.

Fails.

PERIOD V

THE CEMENTED UNION

1868-1888

CHAPTER I. POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE LAST TWO DECADES

Grant's First Election.

His Work During Reconstruction.

Its Difficulty.

Bayonet Rule in the South.

The Force Act.

Danger to State Independence.

"Liberal Republican" Movement.

The Greeley Campaign, 1872.

Grant again Elected.

Fresh Turmoil at the South.

Culminates in Louisiana.

Blood Shed.

The Kellogg Government Sustained in that State.

A Solid South.

The Election of 1876.

In Doubt.

The Returns.

The Electoral Commission of 1877.

Hayes Seated.

The Electoral Count Act, 1886.

Hayes's Administration.

End of the Bayonet Regime.

Garfield's Nomination.

And Election.