Emphasis with which he dwelt upon the utility of virtue, 124.

His patriotism, 200.

His condemnation of suicide, 212.

His opinions as to the duties of Greeks to barbarians, 229

Arius, death of, ii. 196

Arn.o.bius, on the miracles of Christ, i. 375

Arrian, his humanity to animals, ii. 164

a.r.s.enius, St., his penances, ii. 107, 114, _note_.

His anxiety to avoid distractions, 125, _note_

Ascetics, their estimate of the dreadful nature of sin, i. 113.

Decline of asceticism and evanescence of the moral notions of which it was the expression, 113.

Condition of society to which it belongs, 130.

Decline of the ascetic and saintly qualities with civilisation, 130.

Causes of the ascetic movement, ii. 102.

Its rapid extension, 103-105.

Penances attributed to the saints of the desert, 107-109.

Miseries and joys of the hermit life, 113 _et seq._ Dislike of the monks to knowledge, 115.

Their hallucinations, 116.

Relations of female devotees with the anchorites, 120.

Ways in which the ascetic life affected both the ideal type and realised condition of morals, 122, _et seq._ Extreme animosity of the ascetics to everything pagan, 136, 137.

Decline of the civic virtues caused by asceticism, 139.

Moral effects of asceticism on self-sacrifice, 154, 155.

Moral beauty of some of the legends of the ascetics, 156.

Legends of the connection between the saints and the animal world, 161.

Practical form of asceticism in the West, 177.

Influence of asceticism on chast.i.ty, 319, 320.

On marriage, 320.

On the estimate of women, 337

Asella, story of her asceticism, ii. 133

Asia Minor, destruction of the churches of, ii. 14

Aspasia, the Athenian courtesan, ii. 293

a.s.ses, feast of, ii. 173

a.s.sociation, Hartley's doctrine of, i. 22.

Partly antic.i.p.ated by Hutcheson and Gay, 23.

Ill.u.s.trations of the system of a.s.sociation, 26-30.

The theory, how far selfish, 30.

The essential and characteristic feature of conscience wholly unaccounted for by the a.s.sociation of ideas, 66

Astrology, belief in, rapidly gaining ground in the time of the elder Pliny, i. 171, and _note_

Atticus, his suicide, i. 215, and _note_

Augustine, St., on original sin, i. 209.

His belief in contemporary miracles, 378.

On the decline of the Roman empire, 410.

His condemnation of virgin suicides, ii. 47

Augustus, his solemn degradation of the statue of Neptune, i. 169.

His mode of discouraging celibacy, 232.

Miraculous stories related of him, 258.

His superst.i.tion, 376.

Advice of Maecenas to him, 399.

His consideration for the religious customs of the Jews, 406

Aulus Gellius, his account of the rhetoricians, i. 313.

Compared with Helvetius, 313

Aurelius, Marcus, on a future state, i. 184.

On posthumous fame, 186.

Denied that all vices are the same, 192, _note_.

On the sacred spirit dwelling in man, 198.

His submissive grat.i.tude, 199.

His practical application of the precepts of the Stoics, 202.

His wavering views as to suicide, 213.

His charity to the human race, 241.

Mild and more religious spirit of his stoicism, 245.

His constant practice of self-examination, 249.

His life and character, 249-255.

Compared and contrasted with Plutarch, 253.

His discouragement of the games of the arena, 286.

His humanity, 308.

His disbelief of exorcism, 384.

His law against religious terrorism, 422.

His persecution of the Christians, 439, 440.

His benevolence, ii. 77.

His view of war, 258

Austin, Mr., his view of the foundation of the moral law, i. 17, _note_.

His advocacy of the unselfish view of the love we ought to bear to G.o.d, 18, _note_.

Character of his "Lectures on Jurisprudence," 22, _note_

Avarice, a.s.sociation of ideas to the pa.s.sion of, i. 25

Avitus, St., legend of, ii. 159

Babylas, St., miracles performed by his bones, i. 382, and _note_.

His death, ii. 9

Bacchus, suppression of the rites of, at Rome, i. 401