53 WILLIAM'S EAR WAS: WILLIAM'S EAR WAS: Quoted in Rose, p. 166. Quoted in Rose, p. 166.

54 HOPES THAT ENGLAND: HOPES THAT ENGLAND: Heinrich to G, 14 Dec. 1912, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/520A/2A. Heinrich to G, 14 Dec. 1912, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/520A/2A.

55 DISCUSSING HORSEFLESH: DISCUSSING HORSEFLESH: Maclean, p. 243. Maclean, p. 243.

56 A HUNDRED POLICEMEN: A HUNDRED POLICEMEN: F. Ponsonby, F. Ponsonby, My Recollections My Recollections, p. 293.

57 I HAD A LONG: I HAD A LONG: 23 May 1913, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 23 May 1913, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

58 ENTIRELY AGREED UPON: ENTIRELY AGREED UPON: G to N, 16 June 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/624/3. G to N, 16 June 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/624/3.

59 HAD THEN OFFERED: HAD THEN OFFERED: Kokovtsov, p. 389. Kokovtsov, p. 389.

60 IN SPITE OF ... BEEN REACHED: IN SPITE OF ... BEEN REACHED: Ibid., pp. 391, 398. Ibid., pp. 391, 398.

61 GERMANISATION OF THE: GERMANISATION OF THE: Footnote, Fischer, pp. 33436. Footnote, Fischer, pp. 33436.

62 NOW I HAVE ONLY: NOW I HAVE ONLY: Oldenburg, p. 133; see Kokovtsov, pp. 4023, Macdonald, pp. 19395. Oldenburg, p. 133; see Kokovtsov, pp. 4023, Macdonald, pp. 19395.

63 A PERHAPS INEVITABLE: A PERHAPS INEVITABLE: McLean, p. 67. McLean, p. 67.

64 HE HAD REASON TO: HE HAD REASON TO: Ibid., p. 197; PRO FO 371 2.092, 15,312, 3 April 1914, pp. 29296. Ibid., p. 197; PRO FO 371 2.092, 15,312, 3 April 1914, pp. 29296.

65 THAT WAR IS INEVITABLE: THAT WAR IS INEVITABLE: Paul Benckendorff quote in Lieven, Paul Benckendorff quote in Lieven, Nicholas II Nicholas II, p. 197.

66 I CAN ONLY TELL: I CAN ONLY TELL: Sir George Buchanan, 1, p. 117. Sir George Buchanan, 1, p. 117.

67 SO ANXIOUS UPON: SO ANXIOUS UPON: G to N, 16 June 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/624/3. G to N, 16 June 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/M/624/3.

68 FRANCE AND RUSSIA: FRANCE AND RUSSIA: Pan-German League declaration, 19 April 1914. Pan-German League declaration, 19 April 1914.

69 THE CHIEF OF STAFF ... AT ANY TIME: THE CHIEF OF STAFF ... AT ANY TIME: Fromkin, p. 110. Fromkin, p. 110.

16 JULY 1914.

1 THE TERRIBLE CROSS-FIRE: THE TERRIBLE CROSS-FIRE: G to Asquith, 26 March 1914, Asquith, p. 61. G to Asquith, 26 March 1914, Asquith, p. 61.

2 TERRIBLE SHOCK FOR: TERRIBLE SHOCK FOR: 28 June 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 28 June 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

3 KAISER WILHELM WILL: KAISER WILHELM WILL: Alexander Mikhailovich, p. 257. Alexander Mikhailovich, p. 257.

4 NOW OR NEVER: NOW OR NEVER: Geiss, pp. 6465. Geiss, pp. 6465.

5 HE'D DEMANDED WAR: HE'D DEMANDED WAR: Strachan, p. 11. Strachan, p. 11.

6 ELIMINATED ... COMPLICATION: ELIMINATED ... COMPLICATION: Cecil, Cecil, Wilhelm Wilhelm, 2, p. 200.

7 THIS TIME I: THIS TIME I: Fromkin, p. 164. Fromkin, p. 164.

8 READY FOR WAR: READY FOR WAR: Geiss, p. 77. Geiss, p. 77.

9 TO FULFIL HER HISTORIC: TO FULFIL HER HISTORIC: Macdonald, p. 204. Macdonald, p. 204.

10 I CAN'T BELIEVE: I CAN'T BELIEVE: Paleologue, 1, pp. 1213. Paleologue, 1, pp. 1213.

11 HE TOLD ME: HE TOLD ME: Quoted in Lieven, Quoted in Lieven, Nicholas II Nicholas II, p. 200.

12 WE HAD ONLY TO SEE: WE HAD ONLY TO SEE: Gilliard, p. 100. Gilliard, p. 100.

13 YOU HAVE COOKED: YOU HAVE COOKED: Bulow, 3, p. 184. Bulow, 3, p. 184.

14 A GREAT MORAL: A GREAT MORAL: Geiss, p. 222. Geiss, p. 222.

15 NO LONGER HAD: NO LONGER HAD: Fromkin, p. 219. Fromkin, p. 219.

16 BUCHANAN COULDN'T BELIEVE: BUCHANAN COULDN'T BELIEVE: Sir George Buchanan, 1, p. 198. Sir George Buchanan, 1, p. 198.

17 IT LOOKS: IT LOOKS: 25 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 25 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

18 THE GRAVEST EVENT: THE GRAVEST EVENT: Asquith to G, 25 July 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/R/157. Asquith to G, 25 July 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/R/157.

19 WE SHALL TRY ALL: WE SHALL TRY ALL: Nicolson, Nicolson, King George King George, p. 246.

20 LICHNOWSKY, THE AMBa.s.sADOR: LICHNOWSKY, THE AMBa.s.sADOR: Geiss, p. 206. Geiss, p. 206.

21 STILL NOT A: STILL NOT A: Jenkins, p. 325. Jenkins, p. 325.

22 HE'D HAD TO CANCEL: HE'D HAD TO CANCEL: Bradford, p. 76. Bradford, p. 76.

23 I APPEAL TO YOU: I APPEAL TO YOU: N to W, 29 July 1914, 1 a.m., World War One Doc.u.ment Archive, w.i.l.l.y and Nicky telegrams (hereafter WWODA). N to W, 29 July 1914, 1 a.m., World War One Doc.u.ment Archive, w.i.l.l.y and Nicky telegrams (hereafter WWODA).

24 YOU WILL DOUBTLESS ... COUSIN w.i.l.l.y: YOU WILL DOUBTLESS ... COUSIN w.i.l.l.y: W to N, 29 July 1914, 1:45 a.m., WWODA. W to N, 29 July 1914, 1:45 a.m., WWODA.

25 AUSTRIA HAS GONE: AUSTRIA HAS GONE: N to G, 16 [OS]/29 July 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/1. N to G, 16 [OS]/29 July 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/1.

26 WHERE WILL IT: WHERE WILL IT: 29 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 29 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

27 I HAVE THE WORD: I HAVE THE WORD: Nicolson, Nicolson, King George King George, p. 245.

28 WHICH WILL ANNIHILATE: WHICH WILL ANNIHILATE: Fromkin, p. 224. Fromkin, p. 224.

29 A DISGRACE: A DISGRACE: Grey, p. 317. Grey, p. 317.

30 REMAIN A SPECTATOR: REMAIN A SPECTATOR: W to N, 29 July 1914, 6:30 p.m., WWODA. W to N, 29 July 1914, 6:30 p.m., WWODA.

31 TRUST IN YOUR: TRUST IN YOUR: N to W, 29 July 1914, 8:20 p.m., WWODA. N to W, 29 July 1914, 8:20 p.m., WWODA.

32 I HOPE FROM ALL: I HOPE FROM ALL: N to W, 30 July 1914, 1:20 a.m., WWODA. N to W, 30 July 1914, 1:20 a.m., WWODA.

33 AND THESE MEASURES: AND THESE MEASURES: Ma.s.sie, Ma.s.sie, Nicholas Nicholas, p. 257.

34 AUSTRIA HAS ONLY: AUSTRIA HAS ONLY: W to N, 30 July 1914, 1:20 a.m., WWODA. W to N, 30 July 1914, 1:20 a.m., WWODA.

35 IT IS TECHNICALLY: IT IS TECHNICALLY: N to W, 31 July 1914, WWODA. N to W, 31 July 1914, WWODA.

36 IN MY ENDEAVOURS: IN MY ENDEAVOURS: W to N, 31 July 1914, WWODA. W to N, 31 July 1914, WWODA.

37 A MEAN CREW: A MEAN CREW: Geiss, p. 290. Geiss, p. 290.

38 WERE TO SAY ONE: WERE TO SAY ONE: Geiss, pp. 28890. Geiss, pp. 28890.

39 SO THE CELEBRATED: SO THE CELEBRATED: W on Pourtales to Jagow, 30 July 1914, Geiss, p. 295. W on Pourtales to Jagow, 30 July 1914, Geiss, p. 295.

40 YOU CAN'T STOP: YOU CAN'T STOP: Mossolov, p. 256. Mossolov, p. 256.

41 UNDERSTAND YOU ARE: UNDERSTAND YOU ARE: N to W, 1 Aug. 1914, WWODA. N to W, 1 Aug. 1914, WWODA.

42 PRAYING WITH ALL ... HIS EFFORTS: PRAYING WITH ALL ... HIS EFFORTS: Gilliard, p. 105. Gilliard, p. 105.

43 HE WAS NEVER SINCERE: HE WAS NEVER SINCERE: Paleologue, 1, pp. 19697. Paleologue, 1, pp. 19697.

44 WE ARE UNABLE TO REMAIN: WE ARE UNABLE TO REMAIN: FO telegram, quoting telegram from German government, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/11. FO telegram, quoting telegram from German government, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/11.

45 THE POOR KING: THE POOR KING: Asquith to Venetia Stanley, Asquith, p. 140. Asquith to Venetia Stanley, Asquith, p. 140.

46 A LAST RESORT: A LAST RESORT: 31 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 31 July 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

47 MY DEAR NICKY: MY DEAR NICKY: Asquith to Venetia Stanley, Asquith, p. 140. Asquith to Venetia Stanley, Asquith, p. 140.

48 I CANNOT HELP: I CANNOT HELP: G to N, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/11; also in archives at GARF 601/1/1219. G to N, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/11; also in archives at GARF 601/1/1219.

49 WHETHER WE SHALL: WHETHER WE SHALL: 1 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 1 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

50 I WOULD GLADLY: I WOULD GLADLY: N quoted by Buchanan to G, 2 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/15. N quoted by Buchanan to G, 2 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/15.

51 THE GERMAN EMPEROR: THE GERMAN EMPEROR: Ibid. Ibid.

52 THE COMMUNICATION FROM: THE COMMUNICATION FROM: W to G, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/12. W to G, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/12.

53 YOUR UNCLE WOULD HAVE: YOUR UNCLE WOULD HAVE: Tuchman, Tuchman, Guns of August Guns of August, pp. 8081.

54 STILL HOPED FOR PEACE: STILL HOPED FOR PEACE: Clark, Clark, Wilhelm II Wilhelm II, p. 213.

55 SOMETHING IN ME: SOMETHING IN ME: Footnote, Tuchman, Footnote, Tuchman, Guns of August Guns of August, pp. 8081.

56 I THINK THERE MUST: I THINK THERE MUST: G to W, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/1. G to W, 1 Aug. 1914, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/Q/1549/1.

57 NOW YOU CAN: NOW YOU CAN: Tuchman, Tuchman, Guns of August Guns of August, p. 81.

58 YOU, ME AND: YOU, ME AND: Balfour, Balfour, The Kaiser The Kaiser, p. 385.

59 THERE HAS BEEN: THERE HAS BEEN: The Times The Times, 4 Aug. 1914.

60 AT 10:30 ... SOON OVER: AT 10:30 ... SOON OVER: 24 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 24 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

61 I DON'T BELIEVE: I DON'T BELIEVE: Rohl, "Delusion or Design," p. 87. Rohl, "Delusion or Design," p. 87.

62 IF ONLY BECAUSE ... HIS WILL: IF ONLY BECAUSE ... HIS WILL: Gilliard, p. 107. Gilliard, p. 107.

17 A WAR 191418 1 MAY AND I: MAY AND I: 3 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD. 3 Aug. 1914, RA GV/PRIV/GVD.

2 THE VAST CROWD: THE VAST CROWD: Gilliard, p. 107. Gilliard, p. 107.

3 RUSSIA SEEMED TO HAVE: RUSSIA SEEMED TO HAVE: George Buchanan, 1, p. 213. George Buchanan, 1, p. 213.

4 BETRAYAL OF THE: BETRAYAL OF THE: Figes, Figes, A People's A People's, p. 292.

5 A RESURRECTION: A RESURRECTION: Kershaw, 1, p. 89. Kershaw, 1, p. 89.

6 A MAGNIFICENT: A MAGNIFICENT: Radzinsky, p. 1, n. Radzinsky, p. 1, n.

7 THERE ARE NOW: THERE ARE NOW: Figes, Figes, A People's A People's, p. 252.

8 IN THE STRUGGLE: IN THE STRUGGLE: MacDonogh, p. 364. MacDonogh, p. 364.

9 A GOOD SPORTSMAN: A GOOD SPORTSMAN: Somervell, p. 495. Somervell, p. 495.

10 THOSE INFINITESIMAL: THOSE INFINITESIMAL: 14 Oct. 1914, Asquith, p. 278. 14 Oct. 1914, Asquith, p. 278.

11 ACCUSED HIM: ACCUSED HIM: F. Ponsonby, F. Ponsonby, My Recollections My Recollections, p. 329.

12 FILTHY RAGS: FILTHY RAGS: Rose, p. 225. Rose, p. 225.

13 TO ATTEND TO: TO ATTEND TO: Windsor, Windsor, Family Alb.u.m Family Alb.u.m, p. 54.

14 7 INSPECTIONS: 7 INSPECTIONS: Nicolson, Nicolson, King George King George, p. 252.

15 THE KING CAME: THE KING CAME: Rose, p. 169. Rose, p. 169.

16 OUGHT TO TAKE: OUGHT TO TAKE: Ibid., p. 201. Ibid., p. 201.

17 I AM QUITE READY: I AM QUITE READY: G to Alexandra, 18 Nov. 1917, RA GV/PRIV/AA37/73. G to Alexandra, 18 Nov. 1917, RA GV/PRIV/AA37/73.

18 ABOUT AS FUTILE: ABOUT AS FUTILE: 25 Jan. 1915, Stevenson, p. 25. 25 Jan. 1915, Stevenson, p. 25.

19 THE KING EXPRESSED: THE KING EXPRESSED: Nicolson, Nicolson, King George King George, p. 288.

20 A DICTATORSHIP BY: A DICTATORSHIP BY: Grigg, p. 499. Grigg, p. 499.