Howard, Thomas, Earl of Surrey, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, no, 114-16, 145-6, 167, 413, 415 Howard, Thomas, Earl of Surrey, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, 146, 154, 167-8, 177, 182, 194, 203, 207, 211, 218-19, 220, 231, 236, 241, 243, 246, 248-9, 259, 274-5, 301, 304, 311, 316-17, 324-6, 329, 335, 343, 359, 361, 365, 369-71, 39i. 393, 396, 400, 406, 408, 412-13, 415-16, 418, 425, 428, 449, 457. 466-7, 469, 474-5, 479, 481, 497, 524-5, 527-8 Howard, Lord Thomas, 437 Howard, Lord William, 264, 393, 467, 474-5 Huicke, Dr Robert, 560-1 Hull, Yorks, 358, 361, 443 Hume, M.A.S., 2 Hunsdon, Herts, 177, 214, 345, 352, 3S5, 366, 379, 438 Hussey,John, Lord, 324, 364 Hutton.John, 381-2, 385 633.

Ipswich, Suffolk, in Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, 19-21, 139Isabella of Austria, Queen of Denmark, 382Isabella of Castile, Queen of Spain, 15 25,.

27-8, 34, 36-7, 39-42, 45-7,.

52, 98, 138, 176, 196 Isabella of Portugal, Empress of the Holy Roman Empire, 133 Isabella of Portugal, Queen of Castile,

18.

Jack, Mother, 378-9 James, Father, 289 James I, King of Great Britain, 565 James IV, King of Scotland, 32, 43, 115

16.

James V, King of Scotland, 116, 383, 441, 443, 485 Jcdburgh, Scotland, 501 Jennings, Margaret, Lady Howard, 415, 435.

'Jericho', Ess.e.x, 122-3 Joan of Naples, 42 Johannes, Dr, 59 John III, DukeofCleves, 381, 385-6 John Frederick, Elector of Saxony, 385, 388 John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, King of Castile, 18, 28 John, Infante of Spain, Prince of the Asturias, 19, 21 John I, King of Castile, 18 John, Master, 504 John, Mr, 443 Johnson, Otwell, 481 Jordan, Isabel, 189 Juana, Queen of Castile, 19-21, 45, 49, 54-6, 58, 60-1, 63, 83, 129 Julius II, Pope, 44-5, 138, 176, 183, 196, 214, 228.

Katherine of Aragon, Queen of England: acts as Spanish amba.s.sador, 59, 61 ancestry, 18, 145 annulment of union with Henry VIII, 248, 330, 411appeals to Charles V, 178-9 appeals to Rome, 196, 215, 227, 255, 292.

appearance, 10, 28, 31, 70, 81-2, 104, 120, 192, 382 appears at legatine court, 199-202 arrives in England, 27 as mother, 127-9, >32,214, 226-7, 276.

as Princess of Wales, 21, 34-5, 37 as queen, 20, 81, 83, 85, 93, 212 as regent, 114-17 badge, 34, 81 betrothal to Prince Arthur, 22 betrothal to Prince Henry, 42-3 birth, 19 censured by the King and the Privy Council, 192, 242 character, 3, 31, 58-9, 69-70, 83-4, 86-7, 191, 215, 248, 252, 298 clothes, 18, 24, 31, 33, 82-3, 103, 123, 130-1, 200conjugal relations with Prince Arthur, 34-7, 39-40, 66, 191, 196-7, 201.

3,.

228, 296.

contests collusive suit, 196-7 coronation, 103-4, 349 courted by Henry VIII, 56, 71 courtly pursuits and functions, 78, 81, 86, 90-6, 105, 123, 125, 129-32,.

136, 155, 177, 193-4, 229-30 death, 297-9, 3 20, 326, 384 declared contumacious by Dunstable court, 248 defies Henry VIII, 193, 199, 203, 205, 224, 227-9, 262-3 demoted to rank of Princess Dowager, 243, 253 dispensation for second marriage, 44-5, 138, 196-7, 214, 228 dowry, 17, 34-6, 39-40, 42, 49-51, 60, 64, 67, 69.

education, 4, 19-20, 22, 84 exiled from court, 228, 289 fall from favour, 192, 205 friends and supporters, 88, 98-9, 180-1, 214-15, 220-1, 231, 233-4,.

249, 252, 257, 259, 261, 266, 272,.

282-3, 291, 381, 432 funeral, 299-300, 303 634r Index Kathcrinc of Aragon(cont.):girlhood, 15, 19-20 goes to Ludlow, 35-7 'great matter', and the, 178-248 household, 24-5, 31, 35-6, 41, 52, 57-8, 61, 64-5, 67, 82, 85, 87, 97.

100,.

155-6, 192, 229, 243, 246,.

262-3, 269, 271, 289, 296, 345, 347,.

539 illnesses, 37, 45-7, 53-4, 56, 59, 64, 67, 97, 225 insists her marriage to Henry VIII is lawful, 177, 191, 205, 213, 225, 227-9, 243, 253-4, 269-70, 297,.

300 intellectual abilities and interests, 84, 289, 515.

journey to England, 25 last illness, 263-4, 269, 271, 276-7, 294-7.

last letter to Henry VIII, 296-7 life in exile from the court, 229, 234, 242, 247, 254-5, 262-4, 269 marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, 7, 8, 23, 33-5.

marriage to Henry VIII, 6, 7, 34, 71-2 meeting with Henry VII, 27-9 meeting with Prince Arthur, 29-30 motto, 81 negotiations for marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, 5, 15, 17-18, 21-5 negotiations for marriage to Henry VII, 42.

negotiations for marriage to Henry VIII, 39-42, 45-51, 53, 60-4, 6770.

papal judgement on marriage to Henry VIII, 267 persecuted by Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, 192, 235-6, 239, 243-4, 247, 254-6, 262-4, 268, 270-1,.

282, 293-4, 319-20 piety, 75, 84-5, 127, 195, 255 political role and influence, 9, 58-9, 112-14, 117-18, 125-7, 139, '33, 135-6, 180 popularity, 31, 86-7, 126, 179, 214, 230, 254, 267, 299 portraits, 28, 82, 298, 300 pregnancies and children, 11, 81, 913,95, 106-7, 109-11, 117, 119-21, 134, 201.

proxy marriages to Prince Arthur, 22-3, 25refuses to countenance imperial invasion on her behalf, 216, 267-8, 292-3 refuses to enter a nunnery, 190-1, 193, 225 refuses to recognise the legatine court, 191, 197-8 refuses to take the oath required by the Act of Succession, 268-70, 276 7,.

282 relationship with Fray Diego Fernandez, 62-3, 65-7, 99-101 relationship with Henry VIII, 43, 56, 69-71, 83, 84, 86, 96, 101, 105-6,.

108-9, 118-19, 121-3, 127, 133,.

135, 137-9, 167, 177-8, 180, 1856, 191-3, 195, 202, 212-13, 219, 225-8, 230, 296-7, 347.

relations with Anne Boleyn, 167, 178, 187, 219, 226, 255 relations with Wolsey, 112 separation from her daughter Mary Tudor, 234, 253, 261, 295 sporting and leisure interests, 77 state entry into London, 23-4, 30-2, 349.

tomb, 299-301 validity of union with Henry VIII, 39-40, 44-5, 49, 69-70, 136-9,.

179, 568.

widowhood, 3, 4, 38-70 will, 296 also mentioned, 12, 38, 73, 78, 81, 171, 231-3, 301, 307-8, 340, 346,.

364, 426, 436, 530-1 Katherine of Lancaster, Queen of Castile, 18 Katherine of Valois, Queen of England,

29.

Kaye, Dr, 400 Kendal Castle, Westmorland, 487 Kenninghall, Norfolk, 458 Kensington, London, 538 Kettleby, Northants, 443 635.

Kimbolton Castle, Hunts, 269, 276, 282, 295.

King's College, Cambridge, 123, 500 Kingston, Mary, Lady, 318, 327, 343 Kingston, Sir William, 277, 284, 317 19,.

321-2, 325, 327, 330-3, 335-7,.

342.

Kite, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 334 Knight, Dr William, 183 Knollys, Sir Francis, 337 Knox, John, 3 Knyvet, Sir Thomas, 92 Kunsthistorischcs Museum, Vienna, 28, 340-1 Kyme, Thomas, 512 Lambard, William, 400 Lambert, John, 224 Lambeth and Lambeth Palace, Surrey, 30, 32, 248, 333, 335, 337, 415, 419, 424, 444, 449, 453, 463, 4^4, 466-8, 471, 474, 494, 529 Lane, Lady (sec Parr, Maud) Lane, Sir Ralph, 499 Langley, Bucks, 206 Laredo, Spain, 25 Latimer, Hugh, Bishop of Worcester, 264 Lawson family, 565 Lee, Edward, Archbishop of York, 234, 250, 268-9 Lee, Rowland, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 241 Leemput, Remigius van, 341 legatine court, the, 1529, 199-204 Legh, Isabella, 414 Legh,John, 413 Legh, Ralph, 413-14 Leicester Abbey, 218 Lcith, Edinburgh, 501 Leland.John, 490 Lennox, Earl of (see Stewart, Matthew) Leti, Gregorio, 147 Lilgrave, Frances, 473 Lille, Flanders, 116 Linacre, Thomas, 30 Lincoln, 441, 460, 465 Lisle, Lady (see Grenville, Honor) Lisle, Lord (see Plantagenet, Arthur) Llandaff, Bishop of (see Athequa, George de) London, Bishops of (see Bonncr, Edmund and Stokesley, John) London Bridge, 31, 331, 473, 479 London, City of, 23-4, 27, 30-1, 37, 44, 68, 97, no, 114, 125, 145, 186-7, 189, 198, 207, 225, 229-30, 248.

51,.

259-60, 307-8, 325, 334, 344,.

349, 350, 353, 357, 360, 363,.

365-8, 370, 372, 391, 402, 409,.

418, 438, 456 Longland, John, Bishop of Lincoln, 84, 137-8, 254, 480.

Longucville, Duke of (see Louis II) Lorraine, Duke of, 389, 401, 403, 411, 420-1 Louis II, Duke of Longucville, 95, 256, 383 Louis XII, King of France, 40, 57, 115, 118, 123, 149-50 Louvain, Flanders, 247 Louvre Museum, Paris, 389 Lovell, Mother, 569 Lowe, Mother, 410 Ludlow Castle, Salop, 35-7, 54, 128 Luffkyn, Mrs, 461 Lumley. John, Lord, 341 Lupset, Thomas, 8 Luther, Martin, 76-7, 126, 137, 139, 144, 195, 279, 341, 356, 397, 423 Lyst, Richard, 280 Machado, Ruy, 17 Madrid, Spain, 132 Manners, Thomas, Earl of Rutland, 400, 409, 468-9 Manox, Henry, 414, 445-7, 452-3, 455-6, 460 Manuel, Dona Elvira, 25, 27-8, 36, 41, 46-7, 52, 64 Manuel, Don Pedro, 25 Manuel I, King of Portugal, 20, 69, 139 Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands, 20-2, 117, 147, 148-9 Margaret of Valois, d.u.c.h.ess of Alcnc.on, Queen of Navarre, 153, 179, 238, 512.

636r Index Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal,19-20, 139 Marillac, Charles dc, 390, 412, 414, 418, 427-8, 432-8, 440, 443, 449, 457, 463-4, 470, 476 Martyr, Peter, 117 Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary, Regent of the Netherlands, 382, 384, 493 Mary of Guise, Queen of Scotland, 3823, 485-6 Mary of Jiilich-BergRavensberg, d.u.c.h.ess of Cleves, 385, 389, 498 Mary I, Queen of England, daughter of Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon, 82, 93, 99, 119, 126-9, 132-6, 138, 143, 146, 176-7, 192, 214, 218, 226-8, 230, 234-6, 242, 244, 247, 253-5, 258, 260-1, 266, 268, 270-3, 276-7, 282-4, 289, 292-7, 299, 301, 303, 305, 308, 310, 312, 318-22, 326, 334, 33940, 342-3, 354-6, 348, 350-6, 359-66, 369, 371-3, 379-8o, 390, 394, 402, 427, 432-4, 438, 442, 482, 485, 499-500, 502-4, 508, 510-11, 526, 528, 535, 537, 539, 543-4, 558, 562-3, 566-70 Mary, Queen of Scots, 485-6, 493, 5012, 526 Mary of Teck, Queen of Great Britain,301 Mason, Sir John, 525 Mauritshuis Museum, The Hague, 341 Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor,20, 57, 62, 114-17, 126 Mechelen, Brabant, 148-9 Medina del Campo, Treaty of, 17 Mclrose, Scotland, 501 Melton, James, 158 Mendoza, Diego Hurtado de, 135, 1745, 178-9, 181, 189, 193, 197-8, 205 Merton College, Oxford, 84 Methven Castle, Scotland, 443 Miguel, Infante of Portugal, 20-1 monasteries, dissolution of the, 278-9, 284, 296, 350, 356-8, 361-2, 411, 437 Mont, Christopher, 386-8 Monteagle, Mary, Lady, 365 More, Margaret (see Roper, Margaret) More, The, Herts, 229-30, 234, 290, 436 More, Sir Thomas, 4, 8, 31, 74-6, 84, 87-9, 104, 147, 152, 180, 210, 216, 223, 232, 266, 277, 281-2, 284 Morley, Lord (see Parker, Henry) Mortimer family, 37 Morton, John, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury, 234 Morton, Margaret, 462-3 Mountjoy, Lord (see Blount, William) Musgrave, Elizabeth, 490 Musselburgh, Scotland, 562 Najera, Duke of, 503 Nash, Mr Tredway, 565 National Portrait Gallery, London, 82, 152-3, 415-16, 494, 504 Nettlestead, Suffolk, 286 Neville, Cicely, d.u.c.h.ess of York, 333 Neville, Elizabeth, 333 Neville, John, 489 Neville, John, Lord Latimer, 489-91, 494, 497, 502, 546 Neville, Sir John, 440-1 Neville, Katherine, 489, 495 Neville, Margaret, 491, 513 Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 441 Newhall, Ess.e.x, 95 Nice, Treaty of, 1538, 384 Norfolk, d.u.c.h.esses of (sec Stafford, Elizabeth and Tylney, Agnes) Norris, Sir Henry, 206, 241, 264, 311 12,.

315-16, 319-21, 324 Northampton, 441 Nunmonkton, Yorks, 491 Nun of Kent, the (see Barton, Elizabeth) Nuremberg, Germany, 491 Oakham Castle, Rutland, 510 Oatlands Palace, Surrey, 428, 431-2, 437, 448 Observant Friars, Convent of the, Greenwich, 72, 119, 259, 280, 282, 296 637.

Odcll, Mary. 555, 558 Old Hall, The, Gainsborough, Lines, 488-9.

Orchard, Mrs, 318, 326 Orleans, Duke of (see Henry II, King of France) Ortiz, Dr Pedro, 214, 216 Overstein, Count of, 405 Oxford, Earl of (see Were, John de) Oxford, University of, m, 514 Pace, Richard, 119 Padua, University of, Italy, 280 Page, Sir Richard, 322, 324, 334 Paget, Lady, 536 Paget, Sir William, 205, 475, 502 Paris, City of, 124, 233 Paris Garden, London, 344 Parker, Henry, Lord Morlcy, 156, 223 Parker, Jane, Viscountess Rochford, 156, 159, 238, 274, 312, 328, 348, 372, 410, 435- 447, 449, 457,.

460-5, 469, 476, 478-9, 481-2 Parker, Matthew, Archbishop of Canterbury, 147, 279, 311, 515 Parkhurst, John, Bishop of Norwich, 495, 561, 565 Parr, Anne, Lady Herbert, 487, 490, 499, 517, 520, 522, 541, 550 Parr, Katherine, Queen of England: ancestors and family connections, 145, 487.

appearance, 486, 488, 491, 494-5, 498 as queen, 504-5, 544~5 as regent, 505-11 as stepmother, 489, 491, 494, 499 500, 504-8,.

510-14, 523-4, 527, 533, 543-4, 548-58, 562.

birth, 486 books written by her, 496, 514, 547-8 burial, 561 character, 3, 486, 490, 494-6, 498, 512 clothes, 494, 503 courted by Henry VIII, 486, 491-4 courted by Thomas Seymour, 491-3, 534-9 courtly pursuits and functions, 503, 524 death, 561, 566 discovers and deals with Seymour's infidelity, 553-5 education, 4, 487-9, 497 feud with d.u.c.h.ess of Somerset, 540, 545-7, 562 girlhood, 487-8 grief at Henry VIII's death, 531 household, 499, 502, 509, 516-17 intellectual abilities and interests, 487, 490, 495, 497, 503-4, 510-12, 514.

17,.

523, 547-50 life at Chelsea, 547 life at Sudeley, 557-8 marriage to Henry VIII, 6, 497-8 marriage to Lord Borough, 488-9 marriage to Lord Latimer, 489-90 marriage to Thomas Seymour, 539 44,.

546.

plots to ruin her, 504, 515-23, 525 political role and influence, 495, 511 13,.

524, 533 popularity, 495, 498 portraits, 494-5, 504 pregnancy and birth of daughter, 550-1, 555-9 relationship with Henry VIII, 347, 496-8, 502, 507-9, 511, 515-23,.

526-8, 543, 562 relationship with Thomas Seymour, 511, 534, 540-1, 546, 548, 551-2,.

554-6, 559-62 religious views, 487, 490, 495-7, 499, 504, 513, 515-23, 53i, 534 suffers puerperal fever, 559-61 tomb, 565-6 views on women, 12, 496, 516, 522 widowhood, 526, 529, 533 will, 560-1 also mentioned, 373, 490-2, 498, 502, 524, 526-7, 530, 550, 563-5, 568 Parr, Maud, Lady Lane, 499, 517, 520, 522.

Parr, Sir Thomas, 486-7 Parr, William, Lord of Horton, 502 Parr, William, Marquess of Northampton, 487, 492, 498-9, 502, 527, 534, 547-8, 550, 558,.

563 Parry, Sir Thomas, 553, 562 638.

Parsons, Robert, 517 Paston, Eleanor, Countess of Rutland, 364, 400, 409-10, 420, 435, 508,.

510.

Paston family, 145 Paston, Sir William, 508 Paul III, Pope, 273, 292, 351, 386 Paulet, John, Marquess of Winchester, 570.

Paulet, Sir William, 316 Pa via, Battle of, 132 Pavia, Italy, 180 Peckham, Edmund, 569 Penne, Sybil, 379 Penshurst Church, Kent, 146 Percy, Henry Algernon, Earl of Northumberland, 157-8 Percy, Henry, Earl of Northumberland, 156-9, 218, 234-5, 261, 326, 330 Percy, Henry 'Hotspur', 286 Peterborough Abbey, Hunts, 299-301 Peto, Friar William, 231, 530 Petre, Sir William, 505 Petworth House, Suss.e.x, 341 Pewson, Mr, 466 Philip, Duke of Bavaria, 394, 402, 409 Philip I, King of Castile, Archduke of Austria, 20-1, 49, 53-5, 58 Philip II, King of Spain, 567 Philippa of Hainault, Queen of England, 120 Pilgrimage of Grace, the, 358-9, 361, 441, 490.

Plantagenet, Anne, 146, 168 Plantagenet, Arthur, Viscount Lisle, 324, 345, 362-3, 393 Plantagenet, Edward, Earl of Warwick, 22-3, 99 Plantagenet, George, Duke of Clarence, 99 Plantagenet, House of, 16, 28-9, 37, 99, 121, 380, 440Plantagenet, Katherine, Countess of Devon, no, 155 Plantagenet, Margaret (see Pole) Plantagenet, Richard, Duke of York,

33.

Plymouth, Devon, 25, 27 Pole, Sir Geoffrey, 380 Pole, Henry, Lord Montagu, 380, 386 Pole, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, 99, 128, 180, 214, 227, 260, 356,.

380-1, 439-41 Pole, Reginald, later Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury, 99, 143, 180, 233, 283, 341 Pont-a-Mousson, Marquess of, 389, 401, 403, 411, 420-1 Pontefract, Yorks, 441-2, 461, 464, 469 Powell, Edward, 432 Powell, James, 569 Preston, Sir Richard, 569 Prince Regent, the (see George IV) Puebla, Dr Rodcrigo de, 17, 22-3, 35 6,.

42, 47-8, 53, 58-60, 66, 197.

Queen Consort Act, 1540, 436 Radcliffe Wharf, London, 349 Raphael, 42 Rastell, William, 147 Ratsey, Jane, 465 Reading, Berks, 206, 435 Reformation, the, 75, 220-2, 265, 315 Renaissance, the, 2, 75, 124 Restraint of Appeals, Act of, 248 Restwold, Alice, 463, 475 Rheims, France, 68 Rich, Sir Richard, 472, 517 Richard II, King of England, 28, 442 Richard III, King of England, 15, 23, 33, 99, 218, 489, 547 Richards, Griffin, 201-2 Richmond Palace, Surrey, 37-8, 47, 66, 67, 87, 109-10, 115-17, 225, 227.

8,.

354, 418-19. 422, 425, 427,.

432, 436, 566-7 Ridley, Nicholas, later Bishop of London, 203 Ripon, Yorks, 152 Rochford, Lady (see Parker, Jane) Rome, Italy, 183-5, 187, 194, 196-200, 204-5, 207-9, 216, 224-5, 227,.

231, 243, 264, 311 Rome, sack of, 1527, 136-7, 175 Roper, Margaret, 88, 152, 277 Roper, William, 88-9 Rose, Mr, 452 639.

Rouse, Richard, 222 Royal Academy of Arts, London, 82 Royal Collection, the, 30, 340-1,415 16,.

494.

Russell, Sir John, 257, 344-5, 363, 411 Rutland, Countess of (see Paston, Eleanor) Rutland, Earl of (see Manners, Thomas) Saa, Dr de la, 295, 298 Sadler, Sir Ralph, 357-8, 461, 471, 498 St Asaph, Bishop of (see Standish, Henry) St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, 362, 395 St George's Chapel, Windsor, 236, 366, 372, 526, 530.

St James's Palace, London, 505, 537 St John's College, Cambridge, 505, 514 St John's College, Oxford, 404 St Katherine-by-the-Tower, Hospital of, 362 St Lawrence's Priory, Blackmore, Ess.e.x, 122 St Maur, Touraine, France, 286 St Nicholas' Church, Calais, 240 St Omer, France, 332 St Paul's Cathedral, London, 7, 24, 32 3,.

250, 252, 363, 366, 368, 370-2,.