Dirt_ The Erosion of Civilizations - Part 12
Library

Part 12

1992. Prehistoric and historic soils in Greece: a.s.sessing the natural resources for agriculture. In Agriculture in Ancient Greece, 13-18.

5. LET THEM EAT COLONIES.

Bork, H.-R. 1989. Soil erosion during the past millennium in Central Europe and its significance within the geomorphodynamics of the Holocene. In Landforms and Landform Evolution in West Germany, ed. F. Ahnert, 121-31. Catena Suppl. no. 15.

Brown, J. C. 1876. Rebois.e.m.e.nt in France: Or, Records of the Replanting oftheAlps, the Cevennes, and the Pyrenees with Trees, Herbage, and Brush, with a View to Arresting and Preventing the Destructive Effects of Torrents. London: Henry S. King.

Clark, G. 1991. Yields per acre in English agriculture, 125o-186o: evidence from labour inputs, Economic History Review 44445-60.

. 1992. The economics of exhaustion, the Postan Thesis, and the Agricultural Revolution. Journal ofEconomic History 52:61-84.

Cohen, J. E. 1995. How Many People Can the Earth Support? New York: W. W Norton.

De Castro, J. 1952. The Geography ofHunger. Boston: Little, Brown.

Dearing, J. A., K. Alstrom, A. Bergman, J. Regnell, and P. Sandgren. 199o. Recent and long-term records of soil erosion from southern Sweden. In Soil Erosion on Agricultural Land, ed. J. Boardman, I. D. L. Foster, and J. A. Dearing, 173-91. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Dearing, J. A., H. Hakansson, B. Liedberg-Jonsson, A. Persson, S. Skansjo, D. Widholm, and E El-Daoushy. 1987. Lake sediments used to quantify the erosional response to land use change in southern Sweden. Oikos 50:60-78.

Dennell, R. 1978. Early farming in South Bulgaria from the VI to the III Millennia B. C. BAR International Series (Supplementary) 45. Oxford.

Edwards, K. J., and K. M. Rowntree. 198o. Radiocarbon and palaeoenviron- mental evidence for changing rates of erosion at a Flandrian stage site in Scotland. In Timescales in Geomorphology, ed. R. A. Cullingford, D. A. Davidson, and J. Lewin, 207-23. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Evans, R. 199o. Soil erosion: Its impact on the English and Welsh landscape since woodland clearance. In Soil Erosion on Agricultural Land, 231-54.

Evelyn, J. 1679. Terra, a Philosophical Essay of Earth. London: Printed for John Martyn, Printer to the Royal Society.

G.o.dwin, W 1793. An Enquiry concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness. Vol. 2. London: Robinson.

Hutton, J. 1795. Theory of the Earth, with Proofs and Ill.u.s.trations. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: William Creech.

Hyams, E. 1952. Soil and Civilization. London: Thames and Hudson.

Judson, S. 1968. Erosion of the land, or what's happening to our continents? American Scientist 56:356-74.

Kalis, A. J., J. Merkt, and J. Wunderlich. 2003. Environmental changes during the Holocene climatic optimum in central Europe-human impact and natural causes. Quaternary Science Reviews 22:33-79.

Lane, C. 198o. The development of pastures and meadows during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Agricultural Review 28:18-30.

Lang, A. 2003. Phases of soil erosion-derived colluviation in the loess hills of South Germany. Catena 51:209-21.

Lang, A., H.-P. Niller, and M. M. Rind. 2003. Land degradation in Bronze Age Germany: Archaeological, pedological, and chronometrical evidence from a hilltop settlement on the Frauenberg, Niederbayern. Geoarchaeology 18:757-78.

Lowdermilk, W. C. 1953. Conquest of the Land Through7,ooo Years. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Agriculture Information Bulletin 99. Washington, DC: GPO.

Lowry, S. T. 2003. The agricultural foundation of the seventeenth-century English oeconomy, History of Political Economy 35, Suppl. 1:74-100.

Mackel, R., R. Schneider, and J. Seidel. 2003. Anthropogenic impact on the landscape of Southern Badenia (Germany) during the Holocene-doc.u.mented by colluvial and alluvial sediments. Archaeometry45:487-Sol.

Malthus, T. 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population, as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society: with Remarks on the Speculations of Mr. G.o.dwin, M. Condorcet, and Other Writers. London: J. Johnson.

Markham, G. 1631. Markhams Farewell to Husbandry; Or, The Enriching ofAll Sorts of Barren and Sterile Grounds in Our Kingdome, to be as Fruiteful in All Manner of Graine, Pulse, and Gra.s.se, as the Best Grounds Whatsoever. Printed by Nicholas Okes for John Harison, at the figure of the golden Unicorne in Paternester-row.

Marsh, G. P. 1864. Man and Nature; or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action. New York: Charles Scribner.

Marx, K. 1867. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Vol. i. New York: Vintage Books, 1977.

Melvin, J. 1887. Hutton's views of the vegetable soil or mould, and vegetable and animal life. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society 5:468-83.

Morhange, C., F. Blanc, S. Schmitt-Mercury, M. Bourcier, P. Carbonel, C. Oberlin, A. p.r.o.ne, D. Vivent, and A. Hesnard. 2003. Stratigraphy of lateHolocene deposits of the ancient harbour of Ma.r.s.eilles, southern France. Holocene 53:593-604*

Mortimer, J. 1708. The Whole Art of Husbandry; Or, The Way of Managing and Improving ofLand. London: Printed by F. H. for H. Mortlock at the Phoenix, and J. Robinson at the Golden Lion in St. Paul's Church-Yard.

Playfair, J. 1802. Ill.u.s.trations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth. London: Cadell and Davies / Edinburgh: William Creech.

Reclus, E. 1871. The Earth. New York: G. P. Putnam and Sons.

Ross, E. B. 1998. The Malthus Factor: Poverty, Politics and Population in Capitalist Development. London: Zed Books.

Simkhovitch, V. G. 1913. Hay and history. Political Science Quarterly 28:385-403*

Smith, C. D. 1972. Late Neolithic settlement, land-use and Garigue in the Montpellier Region, France. Man 7:397-407.

Surell, A. 1870. A Study of the Torrents in the Department of the UpperAlps. Trans. A. Gibney. Paris: Dunod.

van de Westeringh, W 1988. Man-made soils in the Netherlands, especially in sandy areas ("Plaggen soils"). In Man-Made Soils, ed. W. Groenman-van Waa- teringe and M. Robinson, 5-19. Symposia of the a.s.sociation for Environmental Archaeology 6, BAR International Series 410. Oxford.

Van Hooff, P. P. M., and P. D. Jungerius. 1984. Sediment source and storage in small watersheds of the Keuper marls in Luxembourg, as indicated by soil profile truncation and the deposition of colluvium. Catena 11:133-44.

Van Vliet-Lanoe, B., M. h.e.l.luin, J. Pellerin, and B. Valadas. 1992. Soil erosion in Western Europe: From the last interglacial to the present. In Past andPres- ent Soil Erosion: Archaeological and Geographical Perspectives, ed. M. Bell and J. Boardman, 101-14. Oxbow Monograph 22. Oxford: Oxbow Books.

Whitney, M. 1925. Soil and Civilization: A Modern Concept of the Soil and the Historical Development of.a.griculture. New York: D. Van Nostrand.

Zangger, E. 1992. Prehistoric and historic soils in Greece: a.s.sessing the natural resources for agriculture. In Agriculture in Ancient Greece, ed. B. Wells, 13-19. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium at the Swedish Inst.i.tute at Athens, 16-17 May, 199o. Acta Inst.i.tuti Atheniensis Regni Sueciae, Series In 4, 42. Stockholm.

Zolitschka, B., K.-E. Behre, and J. Schneider. 2003. Human and climatic impact on the environment as derived from colluvial, fluvial and lacustrine archives-examples from the Bronze Age to the Migration period, Germany. Quaternary Science Reviews 22:81-100.

6. WESTWARD HOE.

Bagley, W C., Jr. 1942. Soil Exhaustion and the Civil War. Washington, DC: American Council on Public Affairs.

de Beaujour, L. A. E 1814. Sketch of the United States ofNorthAmerica. Trans. W. Walton. London: J. Booth.

Beer, G. L. 19o8. Origins of the British Colonial System, 1578-1660. New York: Macmillan.

Brissot de Warville, J.-P. 1794. New Travels in the United States ofAmerica, Performed in 1788. London: J. S. Jordan.

Costa, J. E. 1975. Effects of agriculture on erosion and sedimentation in the Piedmont Province, Maryland. Geological Society of America Bulletin 86:1281-86.

Craven, A. O. 1925. Soil Exhaustion as a Factor in the Agricultural History of Virginia andMaryland, i6o6--z86o. University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences 13, no. i. Urbana: University of Illinois.

Craven, J. H. 1833. Letter of John H. Craven. Farmer's Register 1:150.

Cronon, W 1983. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology ofNew England. New York: Hill and w.a.n.g.

Eliot, J. 1934. Essays Upon Field Husbandry in New England and Other Papers, 1748 1762. Ed. H. J. Carman, R. G. Tugwell, and R. H. True. New York: Columbia University Press.

Glenn, L. C. 1911. Denudation and Erosion in the Southern Appalachian Region and the Monongahela Basin. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 72. Washington, DC: GPO.

Gottschalk, L. C. 1945. Effects of soil erosion on navigation in Upper Chesapeake Bay. Geographical Review 35:219-38.

Hall, A.R. 1937. Early Erosion-Control Practices in Virginia. U.S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 256. Washington, DC: GPO.

Happ, S. C. 1945. Sedimentation in South Carolina Piedmont valleys. American Journal ofScience 243:113-26.

Hartmann, W. A., and H. H. Wooten. 1935. Georgia Land Use Problems. Bulletin 191, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station.

Hartwell, H., J. Blair, and E. Chilton. 1727. The Present State of Virginia, and the College. London: John Wyat.

Hewatt, A. 1779. An HistoricalAccount of the Rise and Progress of the Colonies of South Carolina and Georgia. London: A. Donaldson.

Jefferson, T. 1813. Letter to C. W. Peale, April 17, 1813. In Thomas Jefferson's Garden Book, annot. E. M. Betts, 509. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1944.

1894. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Ed. P. L. Ford. Vol. 3. New York: G. P. Putnam and Sons.

Letter from Alabama. 1833. Farmer's Register 1:349*

Lorain, J. 1825. Nature and Reason Harmonized in the Practice of Husbandry. Philadelphia: H. C. Carey and L. Lea.

Lyell, C. 1849. A Second Visit to The United States ofNorth America. Vol. 2. London: John Murray.

M. N. 1834. On improvement of lands in the central regions of Virginia. Farmer's Register 1:585-89.

Mann, C. C. 2002. The real dirt on rainforest fertility. Science 297:920-23.

McDonald, A. 1941. Early American Soil Conservationists. U.S. Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 449. Washington, DC: GPO.

Meade, R. H. 1982. Sources, sinks, and storage of river sediment in the Atlantic drainage of the United States. Journal of Geology 90:235-52.

Overstreet, W. C., A.M. White, J. W Whitlow, P. K. Theobald, D. W Caldwell, and N. P. Cuppels. 1968. Fluvial mon.a.z.ite deposits in the southeastern United States. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 568. Washington, DC: GPO.

Pasternack, G. B., G. S. Brush, and W. B. Hilgartner. 2ooi. Impact of historic land-use change on sediment delivery to a Chesapeake Bay subestuarine delta. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26:409-27.

Phillips, U. B. 1909. Plantation and Frontier Doc.u.ments: 1649 1863. Vol. i. Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark.

Ruffin, E. 1832. An Essay on Calcareous Manures. Ed. J. C. Sitterson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, Belknap Press, 1961.

Schoepf, J. D. 1911. Travels in the Confederation: 1783 1784. Trans. A. J. Morrison and William J. Campbell. Philadelphia: W. J. Campbell.

Shafer, D. S. 1988. Late Quaternary landscape evolution at Flat Laurel Gap, Blue Ridge Mountains, North Carolina. Quaternary Research 30:7-11.

Smith, N. J. H. 1980. Anthrosols and human carrying capacity in Amazonia. Annals of the a.s.sociation ofAmerican Geographers 70:553-66.

Stoll, S. 2002. Larding the Lean Earth: Soil and Society in Nineteenth-Century America. New York: Hill and w.a.n.g.

Taylor, J. 1814. Arator, Being a Series of.a.gricultural Essays, Practical and Political. Columbia: J. M. Carter.

Toulmin, H. 1948. The Western Country in 1793: Reports on Kentucky and Virginia. Ed. M. Tinling and G. Davies. San Marino, CA: Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.

U.S. Congress. Senate. 1850. Report ofthe Commissioner ofPatents for the Year1849, part2, Agriculture. 31st Congress, 1st sess. Ex. Doc. 15. Washington, DC: GPO.

Washington, G. 1803. Letters from His Excellency George Washington to Arthur Young, Esq., E.R.S., and Sir John Sinclair, Bart., M. P: Containing an Account of His Husbandry with His Opinions on Various Questions in Agriculture. Alexandria, VA: Cottom and Stewart.

1892. The Writings of George Washington. Ed. W. C. Ford. Vol. 13. New York: G. P. Putnam and Sons.

White, A. 1910. A briefe relation of the voyage unto Maryland, 1634. In Narratives of Early Maryland, 1633 1684, ed. C. C. Hall, 22-45. New York: Charles Scribner.

Wolman, M. G. 1967. A cycle of sedimentation and erosion in urban river channels. GeografiskaAnnaler49A:385-95.

7. DUST BLOW.

Alexander, E. B. 1988. Rates of soil formation: Implications for soil-loss tolerance. Soil Science 145:37-45.

Bennett, H. H. 1936. Soil Conservation and Flood Control. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Miscellaneous Publication it. Washington, DC: GPO.

Bennett, H. H., and W. R. Chapline. 1928. Soil Erosion, A National Menace. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils and Forest Service, Circular 3. Washington, DC: GPO.

Borchert, J. R. 1971. The Dust Bowl in the 1970s. Annals of the a.s.sociation of American Geographers 61:1-22.

Brown, L. R. 1981. World population growth, soil erosion, and food security. Science 214:995-1002.

Busacca, A., L. Wagoner, P. Mehringer, and M. Bacon. 1998. Effect of human activity on dustfall: A 1,3oo-year lake-core record of dust deposition on the Columbia Plateau, Pacific Northwest U.S.A. In Dust Aerosols, Loess Soils & Global Change, ed. A. Busacca, 8-11. Publication MISCo19o. Pullman: Washington State University.

Catt, J. A. 1988. Loess-its formation, transportation and economic significance. In Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles, ed. A. Lerman, and M. Meybeck, 251:113-42. NATO Advanced Science Inst.i.tutes Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.

Clay, J. 2004. World Agriculture and the Environment. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Craven, A. O. 1925. Soil Exhaustion as a Factor in the Agricultural History of Virginia and Maryland, i6o6--z86o. University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences 13, no. I. Urbana: University of Illinois.

Davis, R. O. E. 1914. Economic waste from soil erosion. In [1913] Yearbook of the United States Department of.a.griculture, 207-20. Washington, DC: GPO.

Dazhong, W 1993. Soil erosion and conservation in China. In World Soil Erosion and Conservation, ed. D. Pimentel, 63-85. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dunne, T., W. E. Dietrich, and M. J. Brunengo. 1978. Recent and past erosion rates in semi-arid Kenya. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, N. F, Suppl. 29:130-40.

Hunsberger, B., J. Senior, and S. Carter. 1999. Winds sp.a.w.n deadly pileups. Sunday Oregonian, September 26, Ai.

Hurni, H. 1993. Land degradation, famine, and land resource scenarios in Ethiopia. In World Soil Erosion and Conservation, 27-61.