London, 1836.

J. O. WESTWOOD.--An introduction to the modern cla.s.sification of insects, founded on the natural habits and corresponding organization of the different families. 2 vols. London, 1839-'40.

THOMAS SAY.--Complete writings on the Entomology of North America; edited by John L. Le Conte. New York, 1859.

H. A. HAGEN.--Bibliotheca Entomologica. Die Litteratur uber das ganze Gebiet der Entomologie bis zum Jahre 1862. Leipzig, 1862.

A. S. PACKARD.--Guide to the Study of Insects. Henry Holt & Co., Philadelphia and New York. (First edition, Salem, 1869.)

---- Entomology for Beginners. Henry Holt & Co., New York, 1888.

THE STANDARD NATURAL HISTORY.--Edited by John Sterling Kingsley. S. E.

Ca.s.sino & Co., Boston, 1884-'85.

Volume II contains the insects, which are treated by the following authors: _Hymenoptera_, J. H. Comstock and L. O. Howard; _Coleoptera_, George Dimmock; _Lepidoptera_, H'y Edwards and C. H.

Fernald; _Diptera_, S. W. Williston; _Orthoptera_, C. V. Riley; _Hemiptera_, P. R. Uhler; _Neuroptera_, A. S. Packard; _Arachnida_, J. H. Emerton.

J. H. COMSTOCK.--An Introduction to Entomology. Published by the author.

Ithaca, N. Y. 2 parts. Part I, 1888.

ALPHEUS HYATT AND J. M. ARMS.--Guides for Science Teaching, No. III.

Insecta. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist. D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, 1890.

GENERAL WORKS ON CLa.s.sIFICATION.

HYMENOPTERA.

E. T. CRESSON.--Synopsis of the Families and Genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a Catalogue of the described Species and Bibliography. Transactions Am. Entom. Society, Supplementary volume. 2 parts. Philadelphia, 1887.

COLEOPTERA.

JOHN L. LE CONTE AND GEORGE H. HORN.--Cla.s.sification of the Coleoptera of North America. Prepared for the Smithsonian Inst.i.tution. Washington, Smithsonian Inst.i.tution, 1883.

This is the most recent and the only complete cla.s.sification of North American Coleoptera. It contains also Appendix II, a "list of bibliographical references to memoirs, in which more or less complete synopses of the families, genera, and species of the Coleoptera of the United States have been published."

J. T. LACORDAIRE.--Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres, ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. [Completed by J. Chapuis.]

Paris, France, 1854-1876. 12 vols, and 1 vol. plates.

[Out of print.]WILLIAM LE BARON.--Outlines of Entomology, published in connection with the author's Annual Reports upon injurious insects. Part first. Including the Order of Coleoptera. Fourth Annual Report on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects of the State of Illinois. Sep. Edit.

Springfield, 1874.

LEPIDOPTERA.

G. A. W. HERRICH-SCHAEFFER.--Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropaischer Schmetterlinge. Vol. I. Regensburg, 1850-'58; Vol.

II, Pt. 1, 1869.

Contains a cla.s.sification of the Lepidoptera, which forms the basis of our present arrangement.

JOHN G. MORRIS.--Synopsis of the described Lepidoptera of North America.

Part I. Diurnal and Crepuscular Lepidoptera. Washington, Smithsonian Inst.i.tution, 1862.

Compiled descriptions of the North American Lepidoptera, from the Rhopalocera to the Bombycidae.

H. STRECKER.--Lepidoptera, Rhopaloceres et Heteroceres, indigenous and exotic; with descriptions and colored ill.u.s.trations. Reading, Pa., 1872-'77.

Fifteen parts of this work have been published containing figures and descriptions of many North American species.

JOHN B. SMITH.--An Introduction to a Cla.s.sification of the North American Lepidoptera. < p="">

70-74 and 81-83.

A synopsis of the families of Lepidoptera based on Herrich-Schaeffer's cla.s.sification.

---- Synopsis of the Genera of the North American Rhopalocera. <>< p="">

Brookl. Ent. Soc, Vol. VI, 1883, pp. 37-45.

E. DOUBLEDAY AND W. C. HEWITSON.--The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; ill.u.s.trated, with 86 colored plates from drawings by W. C. Hewitson. 2 vols., London, 1846-'52.

This work was completed by Westwood after the death of Doubleday.

S. H. SCUDDER.--b.u.t.terflies: Their structures, changes, and life-histories, with special reference to American forms. Being an application of the "Doctrine of descent" to the study of b.u.t.terflies, with an appendix of practical instructions. 321 pp. and 201 text figs.

New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1881.

---- The b.u.t.terflies of the Eastern United States and Canada with special reference to New England. 3 vols., Cambridge, Ma.s.s., 1889; pp. 1958, plates 59. (Published by the author. Cost about $75 for 3 vols.)

G. H. FRENCH.--The b.u.t.terflies of the Eastern United States. For the use of cla.s.ses in Zoology and private students. Philadelphia, Lippincott & Co., 1886.

Gives synopses of the genera and species, and description of the species.

W. H. EDWARDS.--b.u.t.terflies of North America. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co.

Two volumes are completed and the third is in course of publication.

HEMIPTERA.

HERBERT OSBORN.--Cla.s.sification of Hemiptera. < p="">

I, 1885, pp. 21-27.

Short characterization of the whole order, with tables of suborders and families.

---- Pediculi and Mallophaga affecting Man and the Lower Animals.

Const.i.tuting Bulletin No. 7 of the Division of Entomology, U. S.

Department of Agriculture. Washington, 1891.

P. R. UHLER.--List of Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden explorations of 1873.

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