CLa.s.s IV.--OBLONG APPLES.

+ORDER I.--REGULAR.+

SECTION 1.--SWEET.

SUB-SECTION 2.--STRIPED.

=Black Gilliflower.=

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 267.--BLACK GILLIFLOWER.]

An old variety, which cannot be very highly praised, for it is but an indifferent fruit, and yet, on account of its productiveness and keeping properties, it is considered profitable for orchard planting.

Fruit rather large, oblong-ovate, regular; Surface nearly covered with stripes of very deep red that make it look nearly black.

Basin very shallow, often plaited; Eye small, closed.

Cavity deep, acute, brown; Stem long, slender.

Core very large, oval, regular, meeting the eye; Seeds numerous, plump or imperfect; Flesh whitish, dry; Flavor only sweet; Use, essentially market, may be valuable for stock; Season, November to March.

=Mother.=

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 268.--MOTHER.]

Origin Bolton, Ma.s.sachusetts. Tree rather slender, but productive.

Fruit medium to full medium, oblong, regular; Surface smooth, shaded red on yellow, with close, fine stripes of red; Dots minute.

Basin medium, regular or plaited; Eye long, small, closed.

Cavity acute, regular or wavy; Stem long, slender.

Core medium, turbinate, regular, closed, clasping; Seeds numerous; Flesh yellow, crisp, very fine-grained, juicy; Flavor sweet, very rich, vinous, aromatic; Quality best; Use, dessert; Season, October to January.

=Ramsdell's Red.=

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 269.--RAMSDELL'S RED.]

Origin Connecticut. Tree vigorous, upright, many branches, productive, early bearer; Shoots slender, reddish; Foliage rather light green.

Fruit medium to large, oblong, regular, truncated; Surface smooth, yellow, hidden by bright red, mixed and striped; Dots numerous, yellow, distinct.

Basin rather deep, abrupt, wavy; Eye small to medium, closed.

Cavity deep, acute, wavy; Stem medium to long, often red.

Core large, oval, closed, clasping the eye; Seeds large; Flesh yellow, breaking, juicy; Flavor very sweet, rich; Quality very good; Use, baking and stock; Season, September to December.

CLa.s.s IV.--OBLONG APPLES.

+ORDER I.--REGULAR.+

SECTION 1.--SWEET.

SUB-SECTION 3.--RUSSET.

=Mansfield Russet.=

"Brought into notice by Dr. Joseph Mansfield, of Groton, Ma.s.sachusetts. Tree vigorous and very productive. Fruit small, oblong, inclining to conic; Skin cinnamon russet; Stem long, inserted in a deep, furrowed cavity; Calyx partially closed, set in an open basin; Flesh not very juicy, rich, aromatic, saccharine, vinous; Keeps until April and May."--[Downing.]

CLa.s.s IV.--OBLONG APPLES.

+ORDER I.--REGULAR.+

SECTION 2.--SOUR.

SUB-SECTION 1.--SELF-COLORED.

=Bailey's Golden.=

"Origin Kennebec County, Maine. Tree productive; Fruit large, oblong, flattened at base and crown; Skin yellowish, slightly russeted, with a warm cheek; Stem short, surrounded by russet, in a broad, deep cavity; Calyx large and open, basin shallow; Flesh white, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor; January to March."--[Downing.]

=Carolina Red June.=

[Ill.u.s.tration: Fig. 270.--CAROLINA RED JUNE.]

Origin southern, though long extensively grown in the North, and everywhere in the West a favorite early fruit.

Tree hardy, vigorous, healthy, upright, early bearer, productive; Shoots slender, dark; Foliage dark.

Fruit small to medium, form variable, but generally oblong-ovate, regular; Surface smooth, deep red on white, nearly universal; Dots minute.

Basin shallow, folded, plaited; Eye small, closed; Segments reflexed.

Cavity narrow, acute; Stem medium or short.