3. The instinct of construction 129

a. Clay-modelling 129

b. Construction of objects 129

4. The instinct of artistic expression 130

a. Cutting of free silhouette pictures.

Ill.u.s.trated 130

b. Drawing and crayon-sketching. Ill.u.s.trated 132

c. Painting. Ill.u.s.trated 132

d. Song. Ill.u.s.trated 133

e. Dance, rhythm plays. Ill.u.s.trated 134

f. Game. Ill.u.s.trated 135

g. Representation of the fairy tale. Ill.u.s.trated by _The Steadfast Tin Soldier_ 135

h. Free play and dramatization 138

1) Virtues of dramatization 138

a) It develops voice 138

b) It gives grace of movement 138

c) It develops control and poise 138

d) It strengthens attention and power of visualization 138

e) It combines intellectual, emotional, artistic, and physical action 138

f) It impresses many pieces of literature effectively 138

g) It is the true Direct Moral Method and may establish a habit 143

2) Dangers of dramatization 139

a) Dramatization often is in very poor form 139

b) Dramatization may develop boldness in a child 141

c) Dramatization may spoil some literature 142

d) Dramatization has lacked sequence in tales used from year to year 142

i. Ill.u.s.trations of creative return 144

1) _The Country Mouse and the City Mouse_ as expression in language, dramatization, drawing, and crayon-sketching 144

2) _The Elves and the Shoemaker_ as expression in the dramatic game 145

3) _Little Two-Eyes_ as expression in dramatization. A fairy-play outline.

(See _Appendix_) 145

4) _Snow White_ as expression in dramatization. (See _Appendix_) 145

5) _Sleeping Beauty_ as expression of partial narration, dramatic game, and dramatization combined 146

6) _The Little Lamb and the Little Fish_, an original tale developed from a Grimm fragmentary tale, ill.u.s.trating expression in folk-game and dramatization. (See _Appendix_) 147

7) _The Bird and the Trees_, an original play ill.u.s.trating expression in rhythm play and dramatization 149

8) _How the Birds came to Have Different Nests_, an original play ill.u.s.trating language expression and dramatization.

(See _Appendix_) 151

9) Andersen's _Fir Tree_ as expression in dramatization, ill.u.s.trating organization of ideas through a play 152

IV. References 154

IV. THE HISTORY OF FAIRY TALES

I. The origin of fairy tales 158

1. The fairy tale defined 159

2. The derivation and history of the name, _fairy_ 159

a. Four senses in which _fairy_ has been used 160

3. The theories concerning the origin of fairy tales 161

a. Fairy tales are detritus of myth 161

1) The evolution of the tale 161

b. Fairy tales are myths of Sun, Rain, Dawn, Thunder, etc., the Aryan Theory 162

c. Fairy tales all arose in India, the Philological theory 165

d. Fairy tales owe their origin to the ident.i.ty of early fancy 167

e. Fairy tales owe their origin to a combination of all these theories 167