Apr. 17- Battle of Ypres. First use of poison gas (page 95).

May 17

Apr. 25 Allied troops land on the Gallipoli peninsula.

Apr. 30 Germans invade the Baltic provinces of Russia.

_May 1 American steamship "Gulflight" sunk by German submarine; two Americans lost._

May 2 Battle of the Dunajec. Russians defeated by the Germans and Austrians and forced to retire from the Carpathians.

May 7 British liner "Lusitania" sunk by German submarine (1,154 lives lost, _114 being Americans_).

May 9-June Battle of Artois, or Festubert (in France, north of Arras).

Small gains by the Allies.

_May 13 American note protests against submarine policy culminating in the sinking of the "Lusitania." Other notes June 9, July 21; German replies, May 28, July 8, Sept. 1._

May 23 Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.

_May 25 American steamship "Nebraskan" attacked by submarine._

June 3 Przemysl retaken by Germans and Austrians.

June 9 Monfalcone occupied by Italians.

June 22 The Austro-Germans recapture Lemberg, in Galicia.

July 2 Naval action between Russians and Germans in the Baltic.

July 9 Conquest of German Southwest Africa completed.

July 12- German conquest of Russian Poland; capture of Warsaw Sept. 18 (Aug. 5), Kovno (Aug. 17), Brest-Litovsk (Aug. 25), Vilna (Sept. 18).

Aug. 19 British liner "Arabic" sunk by submarines (44 victims, _two Americans_).

Aug. 21 Italy declares war on Turkey.

_Sept. 1 The German amba.s.sador, von Bernstorff, gives a.s.surance that German submarines will sink no more liners without warning._

_Sept. 8 United States demands recall of Austro-Hungarian amba.s.sador, Dr. Dumba._

Sept. 25- French offensive in Champagne fails to break through German Oct. lines.

Sept. 27 Small British progress at Loos, near Lens.

Oct. 4 Russian ultimatum to Bulgaria.

Oct. 5 Allied forces land at Salonica, at the invitation of the Greek government.

_Oct. 5 German Government regrets and disavows sinking of "Arabic" and is prepared to pay indemnities._

Oct. 6- Austro-German-Bulgarian conquest of Serbia; fall of Belgrade Dec. 2 (Oct. 9), Nish (Nov. 1), Monastir (Dec. 2).

Oct. 13 Germans execute the English nurse, Edith Cavell, for aiding Belgians to escape from Belgium.

Oct. 14 Bulgaria declares war on Serbia.

Oct. 15-19 Great Britain, France, Russia, and Italy declare war against Bulgaria.

Nov. 10-Apr. Russian forces advance into Persia as a result of pro-German activities there.

Dec. 1 British under Gen. Townshend retreat from near Bagdad to Kut-el-Amara.

_Dec. 3 United States Government demands recall of Capt. Boy-Ed and Capt. von Papen, attaches of the German emba.s.sy._

Dec. 6 Germans capture Ipek, in Montenegro.

Dec. 15 Sir Douglas Haig succeeds Sir John French in command of the British army in France.

Dec. 19 British forces withdraw from parts of Gallipoli peninsula.

1916

Jan. 8 Evacuation of Gallipoli completed.

Jan. 13 Fall of Cetinje, capital of Montenegro.

Feb. 10 Germany notifies neutral powers that armed merchant ships will be treated as warships and will be sunk without warning.

_Feb. 15 Secretary Lansing states that by international law commercial vessels have right to carry arms in self-defense._

_Feb. 16 Germany sends note acknowledging her liability in the "Lusitania" affair._

Feb. 16 Russians take Erzerum, in Turkish Armenia.

Feb. 16 Kamerun (Africa) conquered.

Feb. 21- Battle of Verdun (pages 107-108).

July

_Feb. 24 President Wilson in letter to Senator Stone refuses to advise American citizens not to travel on armed merchant ships._

Mar. 8 Germany declares war on Portugal.

Mar. 24 French steamer "Suss.e.x" is torpedoed without warning (page 115).

Apr. 18 Russians capture Trebizond, in Turkey.