and in other cases where a reference is needed to insure the ready finding of the book.

HEADINGS.

In the heading of t.i.tles, the names of authors are to be given in full, and in their vernacular form, except that the Latin form may be used when it is more generally known, the vernacular form being added in parentheses; except, also, that sovereigns and popes may be given in the English form.

English and French surnames beginning with a prefix (except the French de and d') are to be recorded under the prefix; in other languages under the word following.

English compound surnames are to be entered under the last part of the name; foreign ones under the first part.

Designations are to be added to distinguish writers of the same name from each other.

Prefixes indicating the rank or profession of writers may be added in the heading, when they are part of the usual designation of the writers.

Names of places to be given in the English form. When both an English and a vernacular form are used in English works, prefer the vernacular.

t.i.tLES.

The t.i.tle is to be an exact transcript of the t.i.tle-page, neither amended, translated, nor in any way altered, except that mottos, t.i.tles of authors, repet.i.tions, and matter of any kind not essential, are to be omitted. Where great accuracy is desirable, omissions are to be indicated by three dots (...). The t.i.tles of books especially valuable for antiquity or rarity may be given in full, with all practicable precision. The phraseology and spelling, but not necessarily the punctuation, of the t.i.tle are to be exactly copied.

Any additions needed to make the t.i.tle clear are to be supplied, and inclosed by brackets.

Initial capitals are to be given in English: noted events, and periods (each separate word not an article, conjunction, or preposition, may be capitalized in these cases);

to adjectives and other derivatives from proper names when they have a direct reference to the person, place, etc., from which they are derived;

to the first word of every sentence and of every quoted t.i.tle;

to t.i.tles of honor when standing instead of a proper name (_e. g._, the Earl of Derby, but John Stanley, earl of Derby);

In foreign languages, according to the local usage;

In doubtful cases capitals are to be avoided.

Foreign languages.--t.i.tles in foreign characters may be transliterated. The languages in which a book is written are to be stated when there are several, and the fact is not apparent from the t.i.tle.

IMPRINTS.

After the t.i.tle are to be given, in the following order, those in [ ] being optional:

the place of publication;

[and the publisher's name] (these three in the language of the t.i.tle);

the year as given on the t.i.tle-page, but in Arabic figures;

[the year of copyright or actual publication, if known to be different in brackets, and preceded by c. or p. as the case may be];

the number of volumes, or of pages if there is only one volume;

[the number of maps, portraits, or ill.u.s.trations not included in the text];

and either the approximate size designated by letter, or the exact size in centimeters;

the name of the series to which the book belongs is to be given in parentheses after the other imprint entries.

After the place of publication, the place of printing may be given if different. This is desirable only in rare and old books.

The number of pages is to be indicated by giving the last number of each paging, connecting the numbers by the sign +; the addition of unpaged matter may be shown by a +, or the number of pages ascertained by counting may be given in brackets. When there are more than three pagings, it is better to add them together and give the sum in brackets.

These imprint entries are to give the facts, whether ascertained from the book or from other sources; those which are usually taken from the t.i.tle (edition, place, publisher's name, and series) should be in the language of the t.i.tle, corrections and additions being inclosed in brackets. It is better to give the words, "maps," "portraits," etc., and the abbreviations for "volumes" and "pages," in English.

CONTENTS, NOTES.

Notes (in English) and contents of volumes are to be given when necessary to properly describe the works. Both notes and lists of contents to be in a smaller type.

MISCELLANEOUS.

A single dash or indent indicates the omission of the preceding heading; a subsequent dash or indent indicates the omission of a subordinate heading, or of a t.i.tle.

A dash connecting numbers signifies to and including; following a number it signifies continuation.

A ? following a word or entry signifies probably.

Brackets inclose words added to t.i.tles or imprints, or changed in form.

Arabic figures are to be used rather than Roman; but small capitals may be used after the names of sovereigns, princes, and popes.

A list of abbreviations to be used was given in the Library journal, Vol. 3: 16-20.

ARRANGEMENT.

The surname when used alone precedes the same name used with forenames; where the initials only of the forenames are given, they are to precede fully written forenames beginning with the same initials (_e. g._, Brown, Brown, J.; Brown, J. L.; Brown, James).

The prefixes M and Mc, S., St., Ste., Messrs., Mr., and Mrs., are to be arranged as if written in full, Mac, Sanctus, Saint, Sainte, Messieurs, Mister, and Mistress.

The works of an author are to be arranged in the following order:

2. Partial collections.

3. Single works, alphabetically, by the first word of the t.i.tle.

The order of alphabeting is to be that of the English alphabet.