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FORTIN DE COOL, DELFINA. Third-cla.s.s medal, Madrid, 1864, for the following works reproduced on porcelain: the "Conception" of Murillo, the "Magdalen" of Antolinez, and the portrait of Alonso Cano by Velazquez; also a portrait on ivory of a young girl.

This artist, who was French by birth, was a pupil of her father. For paintings executed in the imperial works at Sevres, she was awarded prizes at Blois, Besancon, Rouen, Perigueux, and Paris.

FOULQUES, ELISA. Born in Pjatigorsk, in the Caucasus. She came under Italian influence when but four years old, and was taken to Naples. At the Inst.i.tute of the Fine Arts she was a pupil of Antoriello, Mancinelli, Perrisi, and Solari. She received a diploma when leaving the Inst.i.tute.

Her picture, "Mendica," was exhibited in Naples, 1886; "Un ultimo Squardo" and "Sogno," 1888. In London, in 1888, "Tipo Napoletano,"

"Studio dal vero," and "Ricordi" were exhibited. Since 1884 this artist has taught drawing in the Munic.i.p.al School for Girls in Naples, and has executed many portraits in oil, as well as numerous pastels and water-colors. Among her later works are "La Figlia del Corsaro," "Chiome nere," "Una Carezza al Nonno," and "Di Soppiatto."

FRACKLETON, SUSAN STUART. Medal at Antwerp Exposition, 1894; at Paris Exposition, 1900. Founder and first president of National League of Mineral Painters; member of Park and Outdoor a.s.sociation. Born at Milwaukee, 1848. Pupil of private studios in Milwaukee and New York.

Mrs. Frackleton's gas-kilns for firing decorated china and gla.s.s are well known; also her book, "Tried by Fire," a treatise on china painting. As a ceramic artist she has exhibited in various countries, and has had numerous prizes for her work. She declined the request of the Mexican Government to be at the head of a National School of Ceramic Decoration, etc. She is also a lecturer on topics connected with the so-called arts and crafts.

FREEMAN, FLORENCE. Born in Boston. 1836-1883. Pupil of Richard S.

Greenough in Boston and of Hiram Powers in Florence, Italy. After a year in Florence she went to Rome, where she made her home. Among her works are a bust of "Sandalphon," which belonged to Mr. Longfellow, bas-reliefs of Dante, and a statue of the "Sleeping Child."

She sent to the Exhibition in Philadelphia, 1876, a chimney-piece on which were sculptured "Children and the Yule-Log and Fireside Spirits."

This was purchased by Mrs. Hemenway, of Boston.

"Her works are full of poetic fancy; her bas-reliefs of the seven days of the week and of the hours are most lovely and original in conception. Her sketches of Dante in bas-reliefs are equally fine. Her designs for chimney-pieces are gems, and in less prosaic days than these, when people were not satisfied with the work of mechanics, but demanded artistic designs in the commonest household articles, they would have made her famous."--_The Revolution_, May, 1871.

FRENCH, JANE KATHLEEN. Member of the Water-Color Society of Ireland.

Born in Dublin. Studied in Brussels under M. Bourson, and in Wiesbaden under Herr Kogler. Miss French is a miniaturist and exhibited at the Royal Academy, London, in 1901, a case of her works which she was later specially invited to send to an exhibition in Liverpool, and several other exhibits.

The last two years she has exhibited in Ireland only, as her commissions employ her time so fully that she cannot prepare for foreign expositions.

FREYBERG, BARONESS MARIE ELECTRINE. Elected to the Academy of St.

Luke, 1822. Born in Stra.s.sburg. 1797-1847. Daughter and pupil of the landscape painter, Stuntz. After travelling in France and Italy, making special studies in Rome, she settled in Munich. She painted historical and religious subjects, and a few portraits. "Zacharias Naming the Little St. John" is in the New Picture Gallery, Munich; in the same gallery is also a portrait called the "Boy Playing a Flute"; in the Leuchtenberg Gallery, Petersburg, is her "Three Women at the Sepulchre." She painted a picture called the "Glorification of Religion through Art" and a "Madonna in Prayer." She also executed a number of lithographs and etchings.

FRIEDLaNDER, CAMILLA. Born in Vienna, 1856. She was instructed by her father, Friedrich Friedlander. Among her numerous paintings of house furniture, antiquities, and dead animals should be especially mentioned her picture in the Rudolfinum at Prague, which represents all sorts of drinking-vessels, 1888. Some critics affirm that she has shown more patience and industry than wealth of artistic ideas, but her still-life pictures demanded those qualities and brought her success and artistic recognition.

FRIEDRICH, CAROLINE FRIEDERIKE. Born in Dresden. 1749-1815. Honorary member of Dresden Academy. In the Dresden Gallery is a picture by this artist, "Pastry on a Plate with a Gla.s.s of Wine," signed 1799.

FRIEDRICHSON, ERNESTINE. Born in Dantzig, 1824. Pupil of Marie Wiegmann in Dusseldorf, and later of Jordan and Wilhelm Sohn. While still a student she visited Holland, Belgium, England, and Italy. Her favorite subjects were scenes from the every-day life of Poles and Jews.

Her best pictures were sold to private collectors. Among these are "Polish Raftsmen Resting in the Forest," 1867; "Polish Raftsmen before a Crucifix," 1869; "A Jew Rag-picker," 1870; "The Jewish Quarter in Amsterdam on Friday Evening," 1881; "A Goose Girl," 1891.

FRIES, ANNA. Silver medal at Berne, 1857; two silver medals from the Academy of Urbino; silver medal at the National Exposition by Women in Florence. Honorary member of the Academy Michael Angela, Florence, and of the Academy of Urbino. Born in Zurich, 1827. She encountered much opposition to her desire to study art, but her talent was so manifest that at length she was permitted to study drawing in Zurich, and her rapid progress was finally recognized and she was taken to Paris, where the great works of the masters were an inspiration to her. She has great individuality in her pictures, which have been immoderately praised. She visited Italy, and in 1857 went to Holland, where she painted portraits of Queen Sophia and the Prince of Orange. She returned to Zurich and was urged to remain in Switzerland, but she was ambitious of further study, and went again to Florence. She there painted a portrait of the Grand d.u.c.h.ess Marie of Russia. She turned her attention to decorative painting, and her success in this may be seen in the facades of the Schmitz villa, the Schemboche establishment, and her own home. When we consider the usual monotony of this art, the charming effects which Mme. Fries has produced make her distinguished in this specialty.

FRISHMUTH, HARRIET WHITNEY.

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FRITZE, MARGARETHE AUGUSTE. Born in Magdeburg, 1845. This genre painter worked first in Bremen, and went in 1873 to Munich, where she studied with Grutzner and Liezen-Meyer. The most significant of her pictures is "The Little Handorgan-Player with His Monkey." She has also executed many strong portraits, and her painting is thought to show the influence of A. von Kotzebue and Alexander Wagner. In 1880 she spent some time in Stuttgart, and later settled in Berlin.

FRORIEP, BERTHA. Born in Berlin, 1833. Pupil of Martersteig and Pauwels in Weimar. This artist's pictures were usually of genre subjects.

Her small game pictures with single figures are delightful. She also painted an unusually fine portrait of Friedrich Ruckert. At an exhibition by the women artists of Berlin, 1892, a pen study by Fraulein Froriep attracted attention and was admired for its spirit and its clear execution.

FRUMERIE, MME. DE. Honorable mention at the Salon des Artistes Francais in 1893 and 1895. Born in Sweden, she studied in the School of Fine Arts in Stockholm. There she gained a prize which ent.i.tled her to study abroad during four years.

She has exhibited her works in Paris, and to the Salon of Les Femmes Peintres et Sculpteurs, in February, 1903, she contributed a bust of Strindberg which was a delightful example of life-like portraiture.

FULLER, LUCIA FAIRCHILD. Bronze medal, Paris Exposition, 1900; silver medal, Buffalo Exposition, 1901. Member of the Society of American Artists and of the American Society of Miniature Painters. Born in Boston. Studied at the Cowles Art School, Boston, under Denis M. Bunker, and at the Art Students' League, New York, under H. Siddons Mowbray and William M. Chase.

Mrs. Fuller is a most successful miniature painter. Among her princ.i.p.al works are "Mother and Child," in the collection of Mrs. David P. Kimball, Boston; "Girl with a Hand-Gla.s.s," owned by Hearn; and "Girl Drying Her Feet," for which the medal was given in Paris.

Mrs. Fuller's miniatures are portraits princ.i.p.ally, and are in private hands. Some of her sitters in New York are Mrs. J. Pierpont Morgan and her children, Mrs. H. P. Whitney and children, J. J. Higginson, Esq., Dr.

Edwin A. Tucker, and many others.

GAGGIOTTI-RICHARDS, EMMA. Historical and portrait painter, of the middle of the nineteenth century, is known by her portrait of Alexander von Humboldt (in possession of the Emperor William II.) and by her portrait of herself before her easel. Her historical paintings include "The Crusader" and a "Madonna."

GALLI, EMIRA. Reproduces with great felicity the customs of the lagoons, the boys and fishermen of which she represents with marvellous fidelity. She depicts not only characteristics of features and dress, but of movement. "Giovane veneziana" and "Ragazzo del Popolo" were exhibited at Turin in 1880, and were much admired. "Il Falconiere" was exhibited at both Turin and Milan. "Un Piccolo Accattone" has also been accorded warm praise.